• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.46-61
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• 2009

Background and Objectives : Allergic Contact Dermatitis is the disease affected by industrialization. The more industrialization advanced, the more materials that could induce the allergic contact dermatitis have been increased. Therefore in oriental medicine, various studies have been performed. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of Naetakchunkeum-san on the Allergic Contact Dermatitis induced by 2,4-dinitro-chlorobezene(DNCB). Meterial and Methods : Twenty eight mice were divided into four groups ; normal, control, experimental group A and B. Control and experimental group were induced allergic contact dermatitis by DNCB. Experimental group A was orally administered the Naetakchunkeum-san and experimental group B was orally administered the prednisolone. In this study, ear thickness measurement, observation auricle microphotograph, Myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity measurement, Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) analysis of the mRNA level of $TNF-\alpha$, $IL-1\beta$, $INF-\gamma$ were performed on these four groups. In addition, the effect of Naetakchunkeum-san on cell viability and the effect of Naetakchunkeum-san on the compound 48/80-induced histamine release from HMC and RPMC were measured, Results : 1. In contact hypersensitivity assay, experimental group A and B showed decreased ear thickness compared with control group, 2. In experimental group A, pathological lesion of dermatitis were alleviated. In addition, the numbers of infiltrated cells were reduced, and cleft was not shown compared with control group, In experimental group B, similar results were shown. 3. There was a significant increase in MPO activity in control group compared with normal group, Experimental group A and B significantly inhibited the increase in MPO activity compared with control group. 4, The level of expression of $TNF-\alpha$, $IL-1\beta$, $INF-\gamma$ in experimental group A and B were significantly lower than those in control group. As the internal control, cyclophilin mRNA was also reverse-transcribed and amplified. 5, In MTT assay, there were no statistically significant differences in 100 ${\mu}g/ml$, 200 ${\mu}g/ml$, 500 ${\mu}g/ml$, 1000 ${\mu}g/ml$ Naetakchunkeum-san treated group from 0 ${\mu}g/ml$ Naetakchunkeum-san treated group as determined by the Tukey test. 6. Naetakchunkeum-san dose-dependently inhibited the compound 48/80-induced histamine release from both HMC and RPMC. Conclusions : According to above experiments, Naetakchunkeum-san may be applied to allergic contact dermatitis.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.18-35
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• 1999

Coptidis Rhizoma, Fraxini Cortex, Jinpisan(秦皮散) have been as eye washes of inflammatory eye disease in the oriental medicine. Especially Jinpisan(秦皮散) has been used for the disease which is similar to Peudomonas aeruginisa keratitis. This research was attempted to investigate the effect of Coptidis Rhizoma, Fraxini Cortex, Jinpisan(秦皮散), on Peudoronas aeruginisa keratitis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis causes a deep rapid intense ulceration which often leads to perforation of the cornea within 48 hours. In this research, we induced keratits in the rabbits by inoculating Pesudomonas aeruginosa(9027) and observed the effect on the keratitis and the irritation against the external eye. Also we mesured the minimum inhibitory consentration(MIC) of Coptidis Rhizoma, Fraxini Cortex, Jinpisan(秦皮散) by agar diliution method and the anti-bacterial activites by disk method. The tested bacteria were as follows : a) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9027), b) Streptococcus pneumoniae(6303), c) Staphylococcus epidermidis(12228), d) Staphylococcus aureus(6538P). The results were as follows ; 1. The groups which were applied eye washes of Fraxini Cortex, Jinpisan reavealed a significant effect, but the group applied eye wash of Coptidis Rhizoma reveaded no effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. 2. Applying eye washes of Coptidis Rhizoma, Fraxini Cortex, Jinisan revealed an irritation against external eyes. 3. Coptidis Rhizoma showed an anti-bacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylucoccus aureus by agar diliution method 4. Coptidis Rhizoma showed an anti-bacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus by disk method. 5. Fraxini Cortex showed an anti-bacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus by agar diliution method 6. Fraxini Cortex showed an anti-bacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Sireptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphy1ococcus aureus by disk method. 7. Jinpisan showed an anti-bacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus by agar diliution method. 8. Jinpisan showed an anti-bacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus by disk method. According to the above results, Fraxini Cortex, Jinpisan(秦皮散) are recognized to have an effective treatment on the Pesudomonas aeruginosa keratitis, so this experiment is thought to be a basic ingredient in proving the effect of Fraxini Cortex, Jinpisan which is applied many in documents and clinical medicine. In the comparison of anti-bacterial activity and results of treatment on the Pesudomonas aeruginosa keratitis, Jinpisan(秦皮散) was more effective than Coptidis Rhizoma, Fraxini Cortex.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.145-153
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• 2021

Objective : This study aimed to report the improvement of a patient with anorexia by treatment with Jinmu-tang (Hyunmu-tang) based on the disease pattern identification diagnostic system (DPIDS) of the Shanghanlun provisions. Methods : We evaluated the progress of symptoms, patient compliance, and presence of side effects after the patient was administered Jinmu-tang. The clinical response was estimated according to the number of meals a day, the size of meals, the number of complaints of abdominal pain in a week, and a Likert scale. Results : According to the DPIDS, the patient was diagnosed according to provision 316 with soyinbing. After administration of Jinmu-tang for 45 days, the number of meals a day and the size of meals increased, the number of complaints of abdominal pain in a week decreased, and the Likert scale score decreased from 3 to 0. Conclusions : This case report suggests that the word "腹痛" (abdominal pain) in the 316th Shanghanlun provision indicates anxiety about abdominal pain, which affected anorexia in this case.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2011

Objective : Recently interest of fermented herb medicine has increased in Oriental medicine. Herb medicine fermented in a proper condition resultingly has better or new virtue by microbe. This study was designed to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of herbal decoction and fermented herbal decoction in Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang (Huanglian fiedu-tang; HHT). Methods : The effects of HHT and FHHT on anti-inflammation were measured by production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokine productions including TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6 in LPS induced RAW 264.7 cells. Results : 1. Cell viability in three doses of HHT extract (0.01, 0.05 and 0.10 mg/ml) and two doses of FHHT extract (0.01, 0.05 mg/ml) was more than 70％ and 80％ each. 2. In RAW 264.7 cells, LPS displayed significant stimulatory effects on the production of NO. However, both HHT, FHHT showed significant inhibitory effects on the production of NO. 3. Pre-treatment by HHT in a various concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50mg/ml) reduced the elevated production of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-1${\beta}$, IL-1${\beta}$ mRNA, IL-6 mRNA. More than 0.05mg/ml concentrations of HHT reduced the production of IL-6. And TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-1${\beta}$ level of mouse serum reduced in a various dose(0.1, 0.5, 1.0g/kg). 4. Pre-treatment by FHHT in a various concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50mg/ml) reduced the elevated production of TNF-${\alpha}$. More than 0.05mg/ml concentrations of FHHT reduced the expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA. 0.1, 0.50mg/ml concentrations of FHHT reduced the production of IL-6. And IL-1${\beta}$ level of mouse serum reduced in a various dose(0.1, 0.5, 1.0g/kg). Conclusions : These results indicated that both HHT and FHHT could have anti-inflammatory capacity by inhibiting the production of NO and cytokines in vitro. But HHT has more strong anti-inflammatory effects than that of FHHT in broad outlines.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.76-88
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• 2009

Back ground and Objective : There is a need for objectification and scientific verification of Pattern identification in Oriental medicine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the skin characteristics of Qi deficiency and Blood deficiency animal models. Material and Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: normal group, Qi deficiency group and Blood deficiency group. The Qi deficiency animal model was induced through restriction of food (75g/kg/day) for 20 days. Blood deficiency animal model was induced by bleeding from tail vein(0.3 ml/time) 8 times. The normal animal model was kept without any intervention. The general condition was observed by measuring body weight, body temperature, blood pressure, pulse rate, and hematological and biochemical parameters. The skin characteristics were observed by measuring the erythema index(EI), melanin index(Ml), transepidermal water loss(TEWL) and dermal microcirculation. Results : 1. In the Qi deficiency group, body weight was lower than the other groups. In the Qi deficiency group, blood pressure was lower than in the Normal group. There was no difference in body temperature and pulse rate between the three groups. 2. In the Qi deficiency group, blood sugar was lower than in the Blood deficiency group. There was no difference in triacylglycerol between the three groups. In the Qi deficiency group, the WBC count was lower than in the Blood deficiency group. RBC count was highest in the Qi deficiency group, Normal group and Blood deficiency group respectively. In the Qi deficiency group, Hb and Hct were higher than the other groups. 3. EI and MI were decreased in the Qi deficiency group, and EI showed a significant decrease. 4. EI and MI were increased in the Blood deficiency group, and MI showed a significant increase. 5. TEWL was significantly increased in the Qi deficiency group, while it was decreased in the Blood deficiency group, TEWL was highest in the Qi deficiency group, Normal group and Blood deficiency group respectively and all three groups showed significant difference. 6. In the Qi deficiency group, dermal microcirculation was lower than the other groups. Conclusion : The above results show that the erythema index decreases in the Qi deficiency model, and the melanin index increases in the Blood deficiency model. The Qi deficiency animal model shows an increase in transepidermal water loss, while the Blood deficiency animal model shows a decrease. Further studies should develop new models of Pattern Identification that are more specific.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.103-111
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study was to report the improvement in a patient with edema treated by herb medication based on Shanghanlun provisions. Methods : According to 'A disease pattern identification diagnostic system based on Shanghanlun provisions (DPIDS)', a patient was diagnosed with Taeyang-byung, no. 46 provision and was administered with Mahwang-tang herbal medication for 30 days. The Numeric rating scale (NRS) was used to estimate the response. Results : The NRS score changed from 10 to 1 and the edema disappeared by 46th provision of Mahwang-tang selected according to Shanghanlun provisions. Conclusions : This case report suggests that the two words in the 46th provision of Shanghanlun, '陽氣重, 無汗' (Yang qi heavy, Absence of sweating) indicate a close relationship between photosensitivity and absence of sweating, thereby affecting edema in this case.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to report the improvement of a patient with tinnitus treated by herb-formulae medication based on Shanghanlun provisions. Methods : According to a disease pattern identification diagnostic system based on Shanghanlun provisions, a patient was diagnosed with Taeyang-byung, 40th provision and was administered Socheongryong-tang herbal medication for 45 days. The numeric rating scale (NRS) was used to estimate the response. Results : The NRS score changed from 10 to 0 and the tinnitus disappeared by 40th provision of Socheongryong-tang selected according to Shanghanlun provisions. Conclusions : This case report suggests that the two words in the 40^th provision of Shanghanlun, '表不解, 水氣'(exterior do not release, water qi) indicate a close relationship between economic difficulty and stuffiness of being in water, which affect tinnitus in this case.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.143-151
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of acupotomy for patient with avascular necrosis(AVN) of femur head. Methods : Three patient who had been diagnosed as AVN participated in this study. The patient treated by acupotomy therapy. After the treatment, the patient was measured by visual analogue scale(VAS), Harris hip score and five likert scale Results : The patient informed the researcher of reduced pain and improved range of movement after the conduct of acupotomy therapy. The efficacy of acupotomy treatment was reaffirmed by the results of the VAS, physical examination (ROM, Patrcik sign), Harris hip score. Conclusions : Acupotomy therapy on AVN of femur head shows the efficacy in reducing pain and improving movement.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.31-48
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of acupuncture treatment on Hwa-byung patient's insomnia. Methods: The study was performed through a patient-assessor blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in which the volunteers, data collectors and analysts were unaware of individuals who were receiving the treatment. A total of thirty-seven volunteers were divided into 2 groups. 18 subjects were placed into a trial group and 19 subjects into a control group by a randomization table. The trial group was treated on bilateral Shigu, Ahnmyun, B62 (Shinmaek), and K6 (Chohae), while the control group was not given any other treatment. The ISI(Insomnia Severity Scale) was measured as the 1st evaluative instrument, and then a comparative analysis was conducted by comparing the results with those measured by a Likert scale for major symptoms of Hwa-byung, PSQI, Hwa-byung scale, BDI, STAI, and STAXI. Results: In the ISI, PSQI, and the Likert scale regarding major symptoms of Hwa-byung, Hwa-byung scale, BDI, and STAI, more significant decreases were found in those concerning the trial group compared to those of the control group from a statistical perspective. However, in the STAXI, regarding the trial group, there was no significant decrease compared to the control group. Conclusions: The results suggest that acupuncture treatment is effective in the treatment regarding Hwa-byung patients who suffer from insomnia.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.15-28
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in kind, intensity and depth of de Qi sensation by patients' gender, age, BMI and sensitivity. Methods: Sixty-four healthy volunteers (mean age $26.51{\pm}4.72$, range 22-39) who had been studying anatomy, meridianology, acupuncture & moxibustion for more than five years at Dongguk University, Go-yang, Korea, were invited to take part in an investigation of the sensations associated with acupuncture needling. Needling was self-administered on Hegu (LI4) in the hand and Zusanli (ST36) in the leg randomly. After obtaining de Qi, the participants were asked the kind, intensity and depth of de Qi sensation. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the kind of de Qi sensation found by acupoints and needling methods (p>0.05). Hegu (LI4) was found to be significantly higher in the intensity (p<0.001), and the depth of de Qi sensation was significantly higher in Zusanli (ST36) than Hegu (LI4) (p<0.001). There was statistically significant difference found in the intensity of de Qi sensation by depth and sensitivity (p<0.05). In the depth of de Qi sensation, there was statistically significant difference found by sensitivity (p<0.05). In de Qi sensation of practitioners, there was statistically significant difference found by gender, BMI, the intensity of de Qi sensation (VAS) and sensitivity. Conclusions: Further study involving acupuncture de Qi sensation and the influencing factors is needed.