• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2010

This study explored the differences in gender, developmental period and parents in terms of parenting, the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships in parenting by gender, and the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between participant roles in bullying situations and parenting by gender. The subjects were 498 4-5th grade children and the instruments utilized in this study were the Parental Bonding Instrument (Bowers, Smith, & Binney, 1994) and the Participant Roles Scale (Sutton & Smith, 1999). The subjects were contacted again one year after the first contact. Results showed that the relationships between parents were longitudinally quite stable. Girls whose fathers had higher levels of accurate monitoring were more likely to be defenders cross-sectionally. Girls whose parents had more accurate monitoring were less likely to be victims longitudinally. The results underscore the importance of examining both gender and participant roles in bullying situations.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-39
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• 1984

Consider a failure model for a stochastic system. A shock is any perturbation to the system which causes a random amount of damage to the system. Any of the shocks can cause the system to fail at shock times. The amount of damage at each shock is a function of the sum of the magnitudes of damage caused from all previous shocks. The times between shocks form a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables. The system must be replaced upon failure at some cost but it also can be replaced before failure at a lower cost. The long term expected cost per unit time criterion is used. Structural relationships of the optimal replacement policy under the appropriate regularity conditions will be developed. And these relationships will provide theoretical background for the algorithm development.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.90-98
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• 2001

Manufacturing firms have to recognize the fact that trust, long-term relationship with supplier through collaboration is able to contribute to improving their competitiveness. However, developing these relationships is able to contribute to improving their competitiveness. However, developing these relationships have proved quite challenging. Supplier development takes much cooperation, coordination, and collaboration to build and manage their relationships in order to lower costs, reduce lead times, improve the quality of products, optimize inventories and facilitate products development.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-24
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• 2008

This study empirically investigated the relationships among inter-organizational contextual factors(assets specificity, long-term orientation and interdependence), information exchange between trading partners, inter-organizational loaming and trust, and inter-organizational performance. In this study, types of information exchanged between trading firms are classified into two broad kinds: transaction information and management information. from empirical results, we found that inter-organizational contextual factors have a greater positive impact on the exchange of management information. It is also observed that the exchange of information positively influences inter-organizational trust and loaming. finally, the results of this study showed that inter-organizational trust and teaming have positive effects on the improvement of inter-organizational performance. Thus, it is concluded that the amount of information exchanged according to the conditions of inter-organizational contextual factors gives rise to inter-organizational teaming and high levels of trust, and high levels of trust and learning contribute to the increase of inter-organizational performance.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.156-163
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• 2022

Social services are divided into care services and other support services for the elderly, children and the disabled. These social services are the subject of great policy interest in that they can create two effects at the same time: increase in labor demand for service providers and increase the possibility of long-term accumulation of human capital for service recipients. Therefore, this study aims to confirm the hypothesis according to whether the use of social services affects family relationships and the effects of social service users' psychological adaptation on marital and parent-child relationships even when other related variables are controlled. The final result of this thesis is a regression analysis to find out the effect of psychological adaptation on the family relationship, spouse relationship, and relationship with children of subjects who have experience using social services. -.661, p=0.001), the higher the psychological adaptation, the higher the spouse satisfaction (β=.465, p=0.001) and relationship satisfaction with children (β=.360, p=0.001). In other words, it was found that the more depressed the psychologically, the more negative the relationship with spouse and children.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.57-64
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• 2018

Purpose - As the importance of salesperson attitudes and behaviors enhancing customer perception and loyalty have increased, many retail companies put emphasis on internal marketing activities. The issue also has captured the interest of academics, but most of the previous research tends to be limited to investigating antecedents of salesperson job satisfaction and commitment. Based on the consumer-brand relationship concepts, this study aims to examine the effects of the salesperson-brand relationships on customers' service evaluation and store loyalty. Research design, data, and methodology - In a structural equation model, it is hypothesized that salesperson brand identification influences salespersons' brand trust and affect, which are the two dimensions of consumer-brand relationships. Salespersons' brand trust and affect are expected to increase salespersons' customer orientation, which in turn influences customers' service evaluations and store loyalty. To test this hypotheses a set of data collected from department stores in Seoul is utilized. Results - First, it was found that salesperson brand identification is a significant antecedent to salespersons' brand trust and affects, the two dimensions of salesperson brand relationships. Second, salespersons' brand trust and affect were found to enhance salespersons' customer-oriented behaviors. Third, salespersons' customer orientation showed a significant effect on customers' service evaluation. When a salesperson makes more effort to provide useful information for fulfilling customer needs, customers evaluate the salesperson's service more positively. Finally, customers' service evaluation had a positive impact on customers' store loyalty. Conclusions - This study provides significant academic and practical implications. First, based on the theory of consumer-brand relationships, the concept of salesperson-brand relationships was introduced and found to be an effective motivator of salespersons' customer oriented attitudes and behaviors. Therefore, the two dimensions of brand relationships, brand trust and affect, should be considered as the critical factors both in developing theoretical research and improving long-term company performance. Also, internal marketing activities should focus on maximizing employees' brand identification. That is, retail companies need to put emphasis on sharing their brand values and personality with internal customers to strengthen the brand relationships with salespersons and to enhance customer responses.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1997.10b
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• pp.103.2-103
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• 1997

No Abstract, See Full Text

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.35-44
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• 2018

The study is aimed at investigating the main factors that affect the interest rate yields, in the long-term. In addition, the study surveys the theories and literature relating to the determinants of interest rate. The importance of which is essential not only for governments, but also for banks and corporate financial risk management decisions, including risk exposures in banks and capital markets. Interest rate influences corporate profit as well as growth. For this purpose, the study examines the impact of budget deficit, risk-free rate, capital inflows, money supply and business cycles on real interest rate in Jordan. These factors are based upon well-established theories and straightforward practical view as interest rate determinants. Using data for (1990-2015), the study employed Johansen's co-integrating test, which takes into consideration the long-term unsynchronized relationships. The data is tested for normality, symmetric correlations, covariance diagonal and unit root. The results show that the government budget deficit, short-term risk-free interest rate, capital inflows, money supply and business cycle are long-term determinants of the real interest rate in Jordan. The coefficients of government budget deficit, short-term risk-free rate, money supply and business cycle all are inversely affecting the real interest rate, while capital inflows has a positive impact on the real interest rate.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.111-120
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was a descriptive research to identify the relationships among burden from behavioral psychological symptoms of dementia, dementia attitude, emotional labor and nurse's caring behavior as well as to clarify factors that affect caring behavior of nurses in long-term care hospital. Methods: For the research, this study collected data from July 8 to July 20, in 2019 with 214 nurses who worked at 10 long-term care hospitals in Chungbuk. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, Mann-Whitney U test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS 23.0 program. Results: Factors influencing caring behavior of nurses in long-term care hospital were dementia attitudes (β=.549, p<.001), burden from behavioral psychological symptoms of dementia (β=.242, p<.001) and marital status (β=.134, p=.017). These factors explained 33.9% of caring behavior (F=37.35, p<.001). Conclusion: Dementia attitudes were confirmed to be the main variable influencing nurse's caring behavior. Therefore, to improve the caring behavior of dementia patient, it is considered that the development of programs to improve dementia attitudes and in-depth understanding regarding the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia is necessary.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.90-100
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• 2013

Background: This study examined the relationships of dementia, stroke, and combined multimorbidity with long-term care utilizations among older people in South Korea. Methods: A nationally representative sample of 10,130 older adults who used long-term care services in 2010 were analyzed. We used the 5% sample of aged 65 years or older linked with National Health Insurance Corporation registry data of long-term care insurance system. The sample was categorized into three groups: dementia only (47.6%), stroke only (36.3%), and both dementia and stroke (16.1%). We estimated the use of institutional care, home care, and total expenditure of long-term care services, adjusting for the severity of each function (such as daily life, behavior or cognitive change, nursing care needs, and rehabilitation care needs) and sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Having dementia symptoms was positively associated with the use of institutional care services, on the other hand, having stroke symptoms was positively related with the use of home care. The total long-term care cost was higher in the group of having both dementia and stroke. Conclusion: Older persons with dementia symptoms and stroke symptoms have different patterns of long-term care utilization, and the multimorbidity increased the overall expenditure of long-term care utilization. These findings imply a need for differentiated management strategy targeting physically and cognitively impaired older persons, and special concerning for persons with multimorbidity conditions for long-term care insurance program in Korea.