• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.628-631
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• 2009

Five dogs presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of the Konkuk University and Hangang Animal Hospital with a history of foreign body ingestion. On physical examination, five dogs showed lethargy, anorexia, or vomiting. Plain radiographs revealed that radiopaque foreign bodies lodged in the heart base or caudal thoracic esophagus. Positive contrast esophagogram revealed that large foreign bodies severely expanded the esophagus and there was no evidence of leakage of the contrast agent from the esophagus into the thoracic cavity. Gastrotomy for retrieval of esophageal foreign bodies using long forceps technique was performed. Esophageal foreign bodies were successfully retrieved in all dogs. The follow-ups were completed 10 days to 2 years after surgery. The follow-up information was based on physical examination by veterinarians and telephone interview with owners. The owners reported that there was no evidence of complications related to surgery such as vomiting, regurgitation, dysphagia, gagging, hyper-salivation, or anorexia in all dogs.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.183-192
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• 2000

Purpose : Adverse events(AE) associated with vaccination have not been systematically monitored in Korea. But since 1994, several deaths after inactivated mouse brain derived Japanese encephalitis vaccine injection arouse the safety problem of immunization in the public, and a evaluation of vaccination program including the effectiveness and safety problem had been started. We have been using MMR vaccine containing Japanese mumps vaccine strains, which are known to be associated with the high rate of adverse events including aseptic meningitis, for the last decade. Methods : We conducted a prospective study of vaccine adverse events associated with MMR vaccine through a tracking system using telephone calls. We followed up 7,594 cases of MMR vaccinees. Results : Reported adverse events included fever, couvulsion, parotitis, and aseptic meningitis. Nine cases of parotitis and seven cases of aseptic meningitis were recognized during follow up period. The incidence of both parotitis and aeptic meningitis was $85.1/10^5$, for Urabe mumps strain. For Hoshino strain, the incidence of parotitis and aseptic meningitis was $158.0/10^5$ and $94.8/10^5$, respectively. Conclusions : The incidence of adverse events was to be a higher than that of natural infection in Korea and was comparable to the results of studies done in other countries.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.183-191
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• 2006

Thyroid nodules are less common in children than in adults and their management is still controversial. The clinical presentations, operations, complications, histopathologic findings, and postoperative progressions of 34 pediatric patients that underwent thyroidectomy for palpable thyroid nodule at the Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Children Hospital between 1986 and 2003 were studied retrospectively by reviewing medical records and telephone interviews. The mean age of the patients was 11.8 years old. There were 23 females (67.6 %) and 11 males (32.4 %). Surgical indications were clinical need of histological confirmation (n=15), unresponsiveness to thyroxin replacement therapy (n=10), suggestion of the carcinoma on fine needle aspiration cytology (n=5), cosmetic purpose-a huge benign nodule (n=2), completion thyroidectomy for medullary thyroid carcinoma (n=1), and prophylactic thyroidectomy in a MENIIpatient (n=1). Unilateral Lobectomy was performed in 20 patients (57.1 %), subtotal thyroidectomy in 8 (22.9 %), total thyroidectomy in 5 (14.7 %), and completion thyroidectomy in 1 (2.9 %). Lymph node dissection was performed in 9 cases. Benign tumor was found in 23 patients (67.6 %), adenomatous goiter (n=18) and follicular adenoma (n=5). Malignant tumor was found in 11 children (32.4 %), 9 papillary carcinomas (26.5 %), and 2 medullary carcinomas (5.9 %). Of the 9 papillary carcinomas, 7 cases (77.8 %) had lymph node metastasis. No lymph node metastasis was found in 2 medullary carcinomas. Complications developed in 5 cases - transient hypocalcaemia (n=2), and temporary hoarseness (n=3). There was no mortality. Median follow-up period was 7.4 years (0.5-18 years). One patient showed recurrence in cervical lymph nodes 10 years after surgery and modified radical neck dissection was performed. Because of the high incidence of malignancy and advanced stage at initial presentation, more meticulous diagnostic work up is necessary for children with thyroid nodule, and more radical surgical treatment should be performed when malignant nodule is suggested.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.417-426
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• 2001

Objectives : To analyse the psychosocial factors associated with hypertension management(drug treatment and life style modification) of newly detected cases and to understand and assess their behavioral intention or behaviors. Methods : The survey area was a combined urban and rural area in Chungnam province, Korea, and the sampling method was cluster sampling. Study subjects included 541 newly detected cases of hypertension rated above stage 2 by JNC-VI from a community survey. The first survey was applied to 383 of these patients in order to discern their psychosocial characteristics. A follow-up survey was given to 345 persons with an 11-month interval following monthly telephone counseling concerning medication and life style modification by trained nurses. The final study subjects for analysis comprised 271 persons after excluding cases of incomplete data and change of address. Results : Among the 85(33.2%) new patients who had intended to undergo drug treatment, 30(35.3%) persons were treated with antihypertensive agent after 11 - month interval, while among the patients with no intention to receive treatment, only 36(21.1%) persons were treated. Hypertensive patients with a high intention score revealed a high score in life style modification compliance as well. Seventy three percent of the variance of behavioral intention to undergo hypertension management was explained by the patients attitude toward performing the behavior and subjective norm associated with behaviors related to the theory of reasoned action in structural modeling. Actual behaviors related positively with behavioral intention. The coefficient of determination was 0.255. Conclusion : Improving the compliance level of hypertensive patients in respect to drug treatment or life style modification requires a build up of positive behavioral intention, and caregivers must pay more attention to eventually converting behavioral intention to actual behaviors.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.200-209
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term outcome and the factors contributing to treatment outcome for chronic functional constipation in children. Methods: Sixty three children were enrolled who had chronic functional constipation and could be followed by telephone contact. They were treated at the Bucheon Soonchunhyang Hospital for more than 1 month and observed from March 2001 to June 2005. We analyzed the clinical features, symptoms and signs, as well as the course and results of treatment. Results: The male to female ratio was 35 (55.6%) : 28 (44.4%). The mean age at the onset of symptoms and diagnosis was $21.1{\pm}23.5$ (1.9~84.0) months and $47.1{\pm}34.2$ (6.9~138.0) months, respectively. The mean defecation frequency before treatment was $3.2{\pm}2.3$ (0.5~10.0) times per week. The symptoms associated with constipation were as follows: soiling 34 (54.0%) which was more common in males than females, large stools in 30 (47.6%), decreased bowel movements less than three times a week in 20 (31.7%), straining during defecation in 19 (30.2%) and retentive posturing 19 (30.2%). The mean duration of follow-up was $34.2{\pm}14.6$ (3.6~60.0) months and 44 (69.8%) patients had their symptoms resolve ("success") and 19 (30.2%) were not resloved ("fail") from the constipation. The time for recovery from soiling, straining during defecation and retentive posturing after treatment was $4.3{\pm}2.4$ (1.0~36.0), $5.0{\pm}1.4$ (0.8~36.0) and $5.0{\pm}3.1$ (1.0~36.0) months, respectively. A relapse of the constipation occurred in 15 (23.8%) patients, 9 (60%) boys and 6 (40%) girls. The time to relapse after cessation of treatment was $2.9{\pm}1.9$ (1.0~6.0) months and the only risk factor associated with relapse was the initial duration of treatment. Conclusion: Most of the patients had resolution of symptoms within five months after treatment; relapse occurred within three months after the interruption of treatment. The duration of treatment was important for recovery and for the prevention of relapse in the constipated children. Thus a long term maintenance of therapy and follow-up is necessary for chronic functional constipation in children.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.7117-7121
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• 2015

Background: The effects of home nursing intervention on the quality of life in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after radiotherapy and chemotherapy are unclear. According to the characteristics of nursing home patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, we should continuously improve the nursing plan and improve the quality of life of patients at home. Materials and Methods: We selected 180 patients at home with NPC after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The patients were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (90 patients each). The experimental group featured intervention with an NPC home nursing plan, while the control group was given routine discharge and outpatient review. Nursing intervention for patients was mainly achieved by regular telephone follow-up and home visits. We use the quality of life scale (QOL-C30), anxiety scale (SAS) and depression scale (SDS) to evaluate these patients before intervention, and during follow-up at 1 month and 3 months after the intervention. Results: Overall health and quality of life were significantly different between the groups (p<0.05), Emotional function score was significantly higher after intervention (p<0.05), as were cognitive function and social function scores after 3 months of intervention (p<0.05). Scores of fatigue, nausea and vomiting, pain, appetite and constipation were also significantly different between the two groups (p<0.05). Rates of anxiety and depression after 3 months of intervention were 11.1%, 22.2% and 34.4%, 53.3%, the differences being significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: NPC home nursing plan could effectively improve overall quality of life, cognitive function, social function (after 3 months) of patients, but improvement regarding body function is not suggested. Fatigue, nausea and vomiting, pain, appetite, constipation were clearly improved. We should further pursue a personalized, comprehensive measurements for nursing interventions and try to improve the quality of life of NPC patients at home.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 2008

Purpose: Parsonage-Turner syndrome is a rare disorder with sudden onset of severe pain around the shoulder girdle, followed by weakness of the shoulder muscles. The purpose of the current study was to describe the clinical features associated with this condition and to review the literature. Materials and methods: A retrospective study of the Parsonage-Turner syndrome was carried out for 6 patients seen from December 2005 to July 2008. The clinical and radiographic data was collected by medical records and telephone interviews. Five patients were males and one was female with ages ranging between 20-68 years (mean, 43.5). The mean follow-up period was 19.1 months (range, 14-27 months). Results: The intense pain around shoulder continued for 1 day to 3 weeks and decreased spontaneously at a mean of 3.3 weeks (range, 2-5 weeks) after onset of pain. Weakness in the involved muscles had developed at a mean of four weeks (range, 2-7 weeks). At the end of follow-up, five patients had an improvement of their strength and one patient had regained full strength. Electromyography was the most helpful in diagnosis. Conclusion: Parsonage-Turner syndrome is a self-limited disorder with a good outcome. Understanding of the course will assist in the diagnosis and treatment.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.56-62
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• 2014

Purpose: To assess the outcomes of increased fetal nuchal translucency (NT), to aid in prenatal counseling and management in our practice. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent first trimester fetal karyotyping using chorionic villi sampling (CVS) and second trimester level II sonography for a fetal NT thickness ${\geq}3.0mm$ between 11 weeks and 13 weeks 6 days' gestation, at Gyeongsang National University Hospital. Pediatric medical records and a telephone interview were used to follow-up live-born children. Exclusion criteria included incomplete data and CVS for other indications. Results: Seventy cases met the inclusion criteria (median NT thickness, 4.7 mm; range, 3.0-16.1 mm). Twenty-nine cases (41.4%) were aneuploid. The prevalence of chromosomal defects increased with NT thickness: NT 3.0-3.4 mm, 16.7%; NT 3.5-4.4 mm, 27.3%; NT 4.5-5.4 mm, 66.7%; NT 5.5-6.4 mm, 37.5%; NT ${\geq}6.5mm$, 62.5%. The most common karyotype abnormality was trisomy 18 (n=12), followed by trisomy 21 (n=9). In chromosomally normal fetuses (n=41), fetal death occurred in 2 cases (4.9%), and structural malformations were found in 11 cases (26.8%). In chromosomally and anatomically normal fetuses (n=28), one child had neurodevelopmental delay (3.6%). Twenty-eight infants who had a prenatal increased NT were alive and well at follow-up (40%). Conclusion: Outcomes of increased fetal NT might help inform prenatal counseling and management. The high prevalence of chromosomal defects associated with increased fetal NT implies that CVS should be performed in the first trimester, particularly considering the stress associated with an uncertain diagnosis.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.196-207
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the chronical features of urticaria and the effects of urticaria treatment with Ko-Bang(古方). Methods : We treated 39 patients for urticaria with Ko-Bang(古方), who visited to care urticaria at the Dept. of Dermatology Oriental medical hospital Dong-eui university from Jan, 2008 to Sep, 2009. This study was assessed using the chart analysis and the follow-up survey by telephone. Results & Conclusions : 1. 39 outpatients were surveyed, who were 20 males and 19 females. And patients who were ages 21-30 were the largest group, 11(28.21%). Among the 39 patients, acute urticaria patients were 8(20.5%), chronic urticaria patients were 31(79.5%), and contraction of a disease period between 6 weeks with 3 months was 17.9%. 2. The causes of urticaria were measured unknown 37.5%, foods 37.5%, drugs 25% in acute and unknown 35.5%, a change of temperature 29%, foods 16% in chronic. And suspected provocation factors were measured unknown and foods each 12 cases. The most of accompanied symptoms was itching sign(34 cases), the second most was self-conscious fever(10 cases). 3. Out of treat prescription(Ko-Bang,古方), Injinho-Tang(茵蔯蒿湯) was used most in 5 cases, Daehwanghwangryunsasim-Tang(大黃黃連瀉心湯), Hwangryun-Tang(黃連湯), Daesiho-Tang(大柴胡湯) were used in each 4 cases, Galgeun-Tang(葛根湯), Chijadaehwangsi-Tang(梔子大黃豉湯), Sosiho-Tang(小柴胡湯) were used in each 3 cases, Gaemagakban-Tang(桂麻各半湯), Chijasi-Tang(梔子豉湯),Oryeongsan(五笭散) were used in each 2 cases. 4. When the processes of treatment were classified by one poison(一毒), there were the 19 cases (48.7%) which was caused by Bun(煩), the 12 cases(30.8%) by Water(水) and the 4 cases(10.3%) by Gyur(結).

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 2013

Objective : To investigate the actual driving state of the stroke patients who had assessed CPAD. Methods : We conducted a follow-up survey with 48 stroke patients who had assessed CPAD. First, we reviewed the medical chart and then carried out the telephone survey. Results : Of the 48 subjects, 12 were driving and 36 were not driving. Current drivers' CPAD score, it was 54.13, was higher than non-drivers' CPAD score(p<0.05). Those who passed the CPAD were driving more than who failed(OR=8.3, 95%CI=1.931-35.558). Conclusion : The pass group of CPAD have higher chance of driving than fail group and have lower chance of car accidence than fail group. Thus we can apply the CPAD for driving cognitive evaluation tests.