• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.645-654
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• 2021

In this paper, we proposed a protocol to convert 2W telephone analog signals to Ethernet data in a private PSTN 2W tactical voice system. There are several kinds of operational problems in the tactical telephone network where 2W telephone copper lines are installed hundreds of meters away from the PBX in a headquarter site. The reason is that it is difficult to install and maintain the 2W telephone copper cable in severe operational fields and to meet safety and stability operational requirements of the telephone line under lighting and electromagnetic environments. In order to solve these challenging demands, we proposed an efficient method that the 2W analog interface signals between a private PBX system and a 2W telephone is converted to Ethernet messages using the optical Ethernet data communication network already deployed in the tactical weapon system. Thus, it is not necessary to install an additional optic cable for the ethernet telephone line and to maintain the private PSTN 2W telephone network. Also it provides safe and secure telecommunication operation under lightning and electromagnetic environments. This paper presents the conversion protocol from 2W telephone signals over Ethernet interface between PBX systems and 2W telephones, the mutual exchange protocol of ethernet messages between two converters, and the rule to process analog signal interface. Finally, we demonstrate that the proposed technique can provide a feasible solution in the tactical weapon system by analyzing its performance and experimental results such as the bandwidth of 2W telephone ethernet network and the transmission latency of voice signal, and the stability of optic ethernet voice network along with the ethernet data network.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.481-488
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the effects of diabetes education and telephone counseling on depression in diabetic patients. Methods: 49 diabetic patients(24 in the control group and 25 in the experimental group) completed diabetes education and telephone counseling. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$ test, paired t-test and unpaired t-tests. Results: There were no significant differences in depression between the experimental and control groups. But, Depression scores were much decreased in the experimental group. Conclusion: Depression decreased following the diabetes education and telephone counseling. These findings indicate that diabetes education and telephone counseling could be one of the way to decrease depression.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제46호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2003

Channel distortion and coarticulation effect in the Korean connected digit telephone speech make it difficult to achieve high performance of connected digit recognition in the telephone environment. In this paper, as a basic research to improve the recognition performance of Korean connected digit telephone speech, recognition error patterns are investigated and analyzed. Korean connected digit telephone speech database released by SiTEC and HTK system are used for recognition experiments. Both DWFBA and MRTCN methods are used for feature extraction and channel compensation, respectively. Experimental results are discussed with our findings.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TE
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.16-20
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• 2000

대부분의 음성인식 시스템이 확률 모델을 기반으로 한 HMM 방법을 가장 많이 사용하고 있다. 한국어 고립 전화 숫자음 인식인 경우에 만약 충분한 학습 데이터가 주어지면 HMM 방법을 사용해도 높은 인식률을 얻는다 그러나 한국어 연속 전화 숫자음 인식인 경우에 비슷하게 발음되는 전화 숫자음들에 대해서는 HMM방법이 한계를 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 한국어 연속 전화 숫자음 인식에서 HMM 방법의 한계를 극복하기 위해 discriminant 학습 방법을 제시한다. 실험결과는 우리가 제시한 discriminant 학습 방법이 비슷하게 발음되는 전화 숫자음들에 대해서 높은 인식률을 갖는 것을 보여준다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1997

The microbial distribution on 115 transmitter of telephone in 5 site were studied during the period Mar to May 1996. The result were follows: 1. The public telephone at Kangnam terminal showed highest contamination of total bacteria (1.5 $\times $ 10$^{4}$/cm$^{2}$ and the telephone at home showed lowest contamination at the mean 4.6/cm$^{2}$ 2. The most frequent bacteria was staphylococcus epidermides and staptylococcus aureus which is pathogen of food poison was frequently isolated. 3. The public telephone at Seoul showed the highest contamination of fungi and the telephone at home showed lowest contamination of Fungi 4. In fungi 631 strains of 16 species were isolated that of highest frequency is confirmed to be Asperillus fumigatus which is pathogen of Aspergillosis, Nigar and Penicillium spp. were frequently isolated.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제26권11C호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2001

현재 시외전화시장은 이동전화의 보편화와 인터넷 이용자의 증가에 따라 매출액이 매년 감소하고 있는 추세이다. 본 논문은 국내 시외전화시장의 동향과 전망을 살펴보고 문제점을 분석하였으며, 중계망 사업의 시장활성화 전략 및 제도 개선방안을 제시하였다. 또한 IP 시대를 맞아 인터넷 전화가 시외전화 시장에 미치는 영향과 이에 대한 대처방안을 살펴보았다. 본 논문의 결과는 시외전화 시장 활성화를 위한 전략 및 If 시대에 적합한 서비스의 개발에 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 전기의세계
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.18-25
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• 1970

Chesin-1 telephone currently used in Korea is quite similar in design to early Japanese model of Type-4 telephone which is now being replaced by Type-600 having much improved characteristics. Chesin-1 telephone has a relatively high side-tone level, since the line impedance was taken as a purely resistive component for simplicity in the design of its transmission networks. To meet a current trend of using a smaller diameter of wire for telephone line, it is necessary to improve the present type which has a limited receiving efficiency. A new telephone set has been designed to have an amplifier and a R-C coupled side-tone balancing network. The set offers 8dB gain in the overall performance of transmitting and receiving without any unbearable side-tone disturbances. The paper describes both theoretical and experimental characteristics of the new set.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.28-30
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• 1975

2선식-4선식 접속을 위한 새로운 회로구성을 제안하였다. 이 회로구성은 현재까지 알려져 있는 회로구성과는 달라 전화기잡음방지회로 뿐만 아니라, 전화전송계의 임의의 중계장치에 이용될 수 있다. 이것은 또 IC화한 형태로 실현될 수 있다. In this paper a new network configuration for two-line four-line connection in telephone transmission system is proposed. It is proved that this network configuration is useful not only in an anti-sidatone circuit for telephone substation but also in a repeater station in the telephone system. It can ba realized in an integrated circuit.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권21호
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• pp.9147-9151
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• 2014

Public health centers in Korea play an important role at the community level in encouraging residents to participate in cancer screening, usually by sending reminders in the mail and by making phone calls. However, there have not been any studies on the effectiveness of these interventions by public health centers in Korea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate this question. The study was limited to male subjects aged 50-59 years living in one district of Daegu, Korea. A total of 923 subjects were selected for the study among the target population for gastric and colorectal cancer screening as part of the National Cancer Screening Program in 2012. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of four groups: control, postal intervention, telephone intervention, and telephone and postal intervention. Three months after the interventions, the results were confirmed by the National Health Insurance Corporation. Logistic regression analyses were performed to find differences in participation rates in cancer screening for each group. Men who received telephone and postal intervention were most likely (40.5%) to undergo gastric cancer screening, in comparison to the men who received telephone intervention only (31.7%), postal intervention only (22.2%) and those in the control group (17.9%). Also, men who received telephone and postal intervention were most likely (27.8%) to participate in colorectal cancer screening, followed by the men who received telephone intervention only (24.3%), postal intervention only (16.5%), and men in the control group (13.5%). Combined telephone and postal intervention and telephone only intervention as well produced significantly increased rates of participation in cancer screening in comparison to the control group. There was no significant difference, however, between the postal intervention only and control groups for either colorectal or gastric cancer screening.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.57-72
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• 2009

전화여론조사는 한국의 사회조사 방법으로 널리 이용되고 있지만 정확도 수준에 대해서는 파악되지 않고 있는데, 이것은 전화조사의 유용성을 떨어뜨리고 있다 여론조사의 정확도를 가늠할 수 있는 선거예측조사에서도 전화조사는 예측 정확도가 높은 경우가 있는 반면에, 1996년 총선예측처럼 반대의 경우도 있기 때문에 그 정확성을 추정하기가 어려운 실정이다. 또한 2000년 총선과 2008년 총선에서는 정확도가 다소 떨어졌지만, 2004년에는 전화조사를 이용한 당선자 예측이 모두 적중했고, 출구조사와는 달리 정당별 예측편향 차이도 나타나지 않는 등 비교적 정확도가 높았다. 이 연구는 2000년 이후의 총선 예측조사에서 전화조사의 정확도 수준이 이처럼 기복을 보이는 요인을 찾아보았다. 그 결과 한국의 전화여론조사의 정확도 수준은 2000년이나 2008년의 총선예측에서 나타난 것으로 보아야 하며, 2004년에 나타난 정확도 수준은 당시 연령별 투표성향이 이례적으로 강했기 때문으로 분석되었다 그리고 전화조사의 정확도 수준은 표집방법 등의 변화를 통해 개선이 가능한 것으로 나타났다.