• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.361-371
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• 2000

The 123Te(p,n)123I, 124Te(p,n)124I and 124Te(p,2n)123I reactions, among the many reaction channels opened, are the major reactions under consideration from a diagnostic purpose because reaction residuals as the gamma emitters are used for most radiophamaceutical applications involving radioiodine. Based on the available experimental data, the absorption cross sections and elastic scattering angular distributions of the proton-induced nuclear reaction on Te isotopes below 60 MeV are calculated using the optical model code APMNK. The transmission coefficients of neutron, proton, deuteron, trition and alpha particles are calculated by CUNF code and are fed into the GNASH code. By adjusting level density parameters and the pair correction values of some reaction channels, as well as the composite nucleus state density constants of the pre-equilibrium model, the production cross sections and energy-angle correlated spectra of the secondary light particles, as well as production cross sections and energy distributions of heavy recoils and gamma rays are calculated by the statistical plus pre-equilibrium model code GNASH. The calculated results are analysed and compared with the experimental data taken from the EXFOR. The optimized global optical model parameters give overall agreement with the experimental data over both the entire energy range and all tellurium isotopes.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.336-341
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• 2009

Hydroformed parts have higher dimensional accuracy, structural strength, and dimensional repeatability. Particularly in the automotive industry, manufacturing of parts with complex shapes from tubular materials sometimes requires one or more pre-forming operations such as bending before the hydroforming process. The pre-bending process is an important process for the successful hydroforming in the case where the perimeter of the blank is nearly the same as that of final product. The bendability of a tube depends on the parameters such as the bending radius, welding methods, mechanical properties and hardness. Through the stainless steel tubes bent by rotary draw bending machine, this study shows the following : (1) The influence on spring back ratio variation with stress level in the welded bent tube. (2) The Cross-section ovality variation with weld seam position and bending radius. (3) The relation between elongation and thickness reduction of tension zone with weld seam position and bending radius. (4) Workability evaluation of bent stainless steel tubes through the hardness of materials and hardness increment. The results of this study may help to understanding of characteristics on bendability of stainless steel tubes.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.7-19
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the correlation between injury and injury severity score (ISS) in geriatric traffic accident patients transported by 119 emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Methods: The subjects were 240 traffic accident patients over 65 years old transported by 119 rescue services emergency departments in Busan from January 1, 2014 to August 31, 2015. Results: ISS increased in motorcycle traffic accidents (p=.026), truck injuries (p=.005), and head and neck injury (p<.001). Vital signs were evaluated by 119 rescue EMT. ISS increased in cases of unresponsive unconsciousness (p<.001), hypotension (p=.001), and bradycardia (p<.001). The need for bleeding control and dressing by the EMTs increased ISS significantly (p=.022). Conclusion: In the initial evaluation of geriatric traffic patients, ISS can increase in motor cycle accidents and truck injuries. Due to high ISS, patients with head and neck injury, chest injury, hypotension, or tachycardia should be transferred to advanced level hospitals.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2005

A bioartificial liver (BAL) is a medical device entrapping living hepatocytes or immortalized cells derived from hepatocytes. Many efforts have already been made to maintain the functions of the hepatocytes in a BAL device over a long term. However, there is still some uncertainty as to their efficacy. and their limitations are unclear. Therefore, it is important to quantitatively evaluate the metabolic functions of a BAL. In previous studies on in vitro BAL devices, two test methods, an initial bolus loading and constant-rate infusion plus initial bolus loading, were theoretically carried out to obtain physiologic data on drugs. However, in the current study, the same two methods were used as a perfusion model and derived the same clearance characterized by an interrelationship between the perfusate flow rate and intrinsic clearance. The interrelationship indicated that the CL increased with an increasing perfusate flow rate and approached its maximum value, i.e. intrinsic clearance. In addition, to set up an in vivo BAL system, the toxic plateau levels in the BAL system were calculated for both series and parallel circuit models. The series model had a lower plateau level than the parellel model. The difference in the toxic plateau levels between the parallel and series models increased with an increasing number of BAL cartridges.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.471-487
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• 2013

Performance of a prototype base isolated building located at Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati (IITG) has been studied here. Two numbers of three storeyed single bay RCC framed prototype buildings were constructed for experimental purpose at IITG, one supported on conventional isolated footings and the other on a seismic isolation system, consisting of lead plug bearings. Force balance accelerometers and a 12 channel strong motion recorder have been used for recording building response during seismic events. Floor responses from these buildings show amplification for the conventional building while 60 to 70% reduction has been observed for the isolated building. Numerical models of both the buildings have been created in SAP2000 Nonlinear. Infill walls have been modeled as compression struts and have been incorporated into the 3D models using Gap elements. System identification of the recorded data has been carried out using Parametric State Space Modeling (N4SID) and the numerical models have been updated accordingly. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of base isolation systems in controlling seismic response of isolated buildings thereby leading to increased levels of seismic protection. The numerical models calibrated by relatively low level of earthquake shaking provides the starting point for modeling the non-linear response of the building when subjected to strong shaking.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.38-49
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• 2018

This research describes the development model and testing of a hybrid damper which can be applicable to a vehicle suspension. The hybrid damper is devised to improve the performance of a conventional passive oil damper using a magneto-rheological (MR) accumulator which consists of a gas accumulator and a MR device. The level of damping is continuously variable by the means of control in the applied current in a MR device fitted to a floating piston which separates the gas and the oil chamber. A simple MR device is used to resist the movement of floating piston. At first a mathematical model which describes all flows within the conventional oil damper is formulated, and then a small MR device is also devised and adopted to a mathematical model to characterize the performance of the device.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.77-91
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• 2004

Integrating computer-aided design with computer-aided fabrication and construction will fundamentally redefine the relationship between design and construction. Rapid prototyping(RP) is evaluated as one of the integration method available but it has been regarded as very expensive and complex design evaluation tool and is only suitable for large mechanical design shops in automobile and aerospace industry. However current status of rapid prototyping is changing since the new generation of RP equipment, less expensive and more user-friendlier, now can be installed and use in design firms. Simultaneously increasing use of 3D CAAD software is also helping to use rapid prototyping widely. It is crucial to acknowledge rapid prototyping technologies are not only for avant-garde architect such as Frank O. Gehry but ordinary 90% architects, who can have benefit from fast and cost-effective technology. With its fast development and adaptation in architectural industry, it is quite necessary to include rapid prototyping education in regular CAAD courses either undergraduate or graduate level.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.27-32
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• 2007

Analysis was performed using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique for the determination of priority on the effect factors and the preferences on cut-slope reinforcing methods. The results from professional group, such as researchers, design engineers and construction engineers, show that stability, durability and environmental condition are the most important effect factors. The retaining wall and the cutting methods were predominant for stability, economical efficiency, and maintenance/management in the evaluation of preferences on the cut-slope reinforcing methods interpreted for the increasing method of safety factor.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.21
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• pp.11-16
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• 2003

Lines bred for resistance to Phytophthora capsici by incorporation of resistance to P. capsici in PI201234 or CM334 into 'Subi' and 'Chilseong', land races in Youngyang, and 'Punggak', a land race in Cheongdo in Gyeungbuk province, and lines bred for fortification of one of them above with resistance to viral complex, and tolerant selections from another landrace collection from Punggak (KC268) were evaluated for resistance to P. capsici by inoculation at seedling stage. Almost all the breeding lines showed high level of resistance to P. capsid and selections from KC268 showed tolerance or moderate resistance to P. capsid. The selected plants were grown in a net cage in an outdoor nursery for seed production. Utilization of the lines in breeding was discussed.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2016

This paper focuses on the estimation of durability and service-life of reinforced concrete structures in Wolsong Low- and intermediate-level wastes Disposal Center (WLDC) in Korea. There are six disposal silos located in the saturated environment. The silo concrete is degraded due to reactions with groundwater and chemical attacks, and finally it will lose its properties as a transport barrier. The infiltration of sulfate and magnesium, leaching of potassium hydroxide, and chlorine induced corrosion are the most significant factors for degradation of reinforced concrete structure in underground environment. From the result of evaluation of the degradation time for each factor, the degradation rate of the reinforced concrete due to sulfate and magnesium is $1.308{\times}10^{-3}cm/yr$, and it is estimated to take 48,000 years for full degradation while potassium hydroxide is leached in depth of less than 1.5 cm at 1,000 years after the initiation of degradation. In case of chlorine induced corrosion, it takes 1,648 years to initiate corrosion in the main reinforced bar and 2,288 years to reach the lifetime limit of the structural integrity, and thus it is evaluated as the most significant factor.