• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.180-207
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• 2019

This article explores the historical evolutionary process of the biopharmaceutical industry of Korea, and how intentional and unintentional policy interventions have triggered the creation of the industry's system dynamics and paved the way for the generation of a few global leading products, including biosimilar, as well as next-generation therapeutics of gene and cell. The policies cover the simple technology transfer of API synthesis to overcome the endemic parasitic disease, new substance patent adoption and new drug development consortia, human resource development, various national initiatives influenced by the Human Genome Project, and venture promotion schemes. The scope and implementation tools under these policies have been aligned and refined to transform traditional fine chemical-based pharmaceuticals, to stimulate large companies' participation and to create technology-based venture companies in the biopharma business of Korea.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-28
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• 2008

This study investigates the characteristics and implications of the newly emerging socially-oriented innovation policy. The socially-oriented innovation policy has systemic views on the evolution of socio-technical system and innovation policy. It's ultimate goal is the transition toward sustainable socio-technical system and it takes "strategic niche management" approach for the transition policy. The governance structure of the policy is more open to the public actors, such as social service organizations and public institutes. As a case study, "the Technology-based Policy for the Enhancement of Quality of Life", which is the first comprehensive socially-oriented policy of Korea, is examined and it is suggested that the policy has some limitations because of the path dependency of targeting-oriented and catching-up style innovation policy of Korea.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.106-132
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• 2020

This study intends to add a factor to the discussion on the sectoral systems of innovation through Korea's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Korean approach is summarized as follows: the first response centers on technology and innovation. These include the development of diagnostic test methods and accurate test kits, first in the world, the use of ICT technology in epidemiological investigations, the technical response in the field, and the competitive edge in the development of medicine and vaccines that were behind the developed countries. The second response is an aggressive effort implemented just after the Chinese announcement, before the domestic outbreak; the third response is the open policy that induces voluntary participation of all subjects and people by opening all information. More important is the leadership at the national level shown in the past Korean experience and most advanced countries. National leadership must be the missing factor.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.66-86
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• 2016

This paper discusses government-backed venture capital as a science, technology and innovation (STI) policy instrument from the Chinese perspective. China aspires to overhaul its growth model by vigorously promoting technological innovation and entrepreneurship. Like many other countries, however, funding gaps constrain new technology ventures in the early stages of venture development. To plug this gap, China attempts to use government-backed venture capital as a policy instrument. Super-size central government-backed VCs were set up and dozens of similar schemes are in operation at local levels. This paper provides a case study of such government-backed venture capital schemes in China. It documents the background conditions explaining the country's need for public venture capital, describes the distinct features of program design in such schemes, and assesses the impact of government-backed venture capital.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.561-589
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• 2015

Up to present science and technology (S&T) policy in Korea has focused on producing academic papers and patents through the increase of investment on research and development (R&D). However, as the role of science and technology on boosting national economy has been emphasized and the current government has established 'creative economy' as a main policy agenda, 'technology commercialization' has been moving onto the center of S&T policy. Technology commercialization policy encourages R&D outcomes of public R&D institutions to be utilized in private firms for their new business development, and this concept is in line with out-bound open innovation, in the sense that it involves the flow of technological knowledge from public R&D institutions to private firms. Based on this understanding, this paper analyses government technology commercialization programs and attempts to suggest policy implications. The results suggest that future technology commercialization policy (1) be specialized in a way of reflecting the characteristics of each government ministry, (2) strongly support technology licensing-out, (3) strengthen the linkage between each programs, and (4) nurture expert groups, such as accelerators who can help and foster technology start-ups.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.9-22
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• 1998

With the advent of new order of international competition, the technology Policy of Korea has been changed from vertical one which focuses on specific technologies or selective industries to a horizontal one which supports R&D activities on a neutral basis. TIP(Technology Infrastructure Policy) is WTO free in the sense that it is Indirect method of supporting technology development and properly defined as a part of government role by OECD. Technology infrastructure is embodied in human capital, and includes also elements of physical capital and knowledge. Hence it is more differentiated than, and distinguished from conventional infrastructure. It implies a need for carefully designed strategy with the recognition of those differences. As a fundamental element of innovation and technological development, technology infrastructure should become the main focus of industrial technology Policy.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.34-55
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• 2001

With increasing globalization, a proper policy for global inter-city networking strongly required, which presumes the study on the heterogeneity among regional innovation systems. While surveying the research results of the Evolutionary Economics, 1 stress that regional systems of innovation differ in technological capacities, industrial structures, institutional arrangements and socio-cultural features. 1 make the empirical investigation based on the data of Busan and Hamburg, making clear the regional specificities among regional innovation systems. The results show that regional systems of innovation in Busan and Hamburg are quitely asymmetric. They suggest also the limitation of neo-classical assumption on the ‘homogeneous production function’ and that policy-makers in regions should make the policy for ‘global inter-cities networking’, based on perspectives of regional heterogeneity.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.85-110
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• 2019

This study examines the social problem-solving R&D policies from the perspective of 'Mission-oriented innovation policy'. To this end, we analyzed the 'second science and technology-based social problem solving plan' in terms of civil society's participation, securing the government's dynamic capabilities, and government's risk investments. The plan introduces an institutional framework for civic participation for social problem-solving innovation, strengthening R&D program coordination and integration, and new innovation ecosystem formation. However, there is a need for a concrete program to overcome a path dependency of existing activities. Otherwise new institutions are likely to be formalized. In addition, in order to derive risk investment, it is necessary to integrate innovation policy with social policy fields such as community care and climate change. It is necessary to establish an policy process that combines the agenda of social policy beyond with R & D policy, and to forms a platform for problem solving, integrates various technologies, industries and resources.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.20-42
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• 2014

The Brazil, Russia, India China and South Africa (BRICS) group has emerged as a collection of large economies which are outside the traditional groups of industrialised "first world" economies and which have altered the global distribution of economic power. The basis of their emergence is a combination of their size and growth rates, and the fact that they lie outside the established centres of global economic power. As such, they have "diversified" the power base of the global economic order. The question which is asked in this paper is whether the phenomenon of the BRICS goes beyond this to mark the start of a possible challenge to the neoliberal orthodoxy which emerged as the globally dominant policy paradigm since the collapse of the Soviet Union. This paper develops and uses a "modes of innovation" approach to explore the potential of the BRICS to constitute a structural rupture in the current globally dominant neoliberal mode of innovation. This question is important since, in the absence of this rupture, the remarkable development trajectory of the BRICS will serve to reinforce the legitimacy of the global orthodoxy. The paper first articulates the modes of innovation concept and then proceeds to locate the BRICS systems of innovation within the current globally dominant mode. On this basis it then provides an appraisal of the possible impact of the BRICS on the evolutionary path of the global system of innovation.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.373-395
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• 2004

In year 2003, the Daedeok Science Town(DST) has celebrated its 30 years of anniversary and achievement in science and technology development. However, there is a criticism that DST has not played its expected role in Korea's National Innovation System. Recognizing this criticism, the development of DST was evaluated in the perspective of innovation cluster. The research shows that DST has been following the downstream path of evolution - from S＆T development to business development - and is in the early stage of R＆D-driven Innovation Cluster. Not only the development factors of DST innovation cluster were identified but the DST was compared with other internationally recognized innovation clusters. Finally, it is suggested that the business related functions should receive due attention in innovation cluster policy.