• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2021

This paper analyzes the efficiency of social enterprises by analyzing bootstrapping data envelopment analysis. Unlike the definitive DEA model, we analyze the confidence intervals of efficiency estimates through the DEA model, which takes into account stochastic factors. Major analysis results are summarized as follows: First, the results of the bootstrapping DEA analysis of social enterprises estimated that the technical efficiency was 0.459 and the 95% confidence interval was 0.389 to 0.601. Second, the number of inefficient social enterprises with efficiency values of less than 0.5 was found to be 15 (55.56%) in technical efficiency, 5 (18.52%) in pure technical efficiency, and 8 (29.63%) in scale efficiency. It can be seen that a significant number of social enterprises are operating in an inefficient state. Third, looking at the returns of scale of social enterprises, 25 (67.57%) are currently in the increasing returns of scale, 10 (27.02%) are in the constant returns of scale, and 2 (5.41%) are in decreasing returns of scale. In other words, it can be seen that social enterprises are under-invested in terms of input factors.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제38권
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• pp.97-121
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• 2008

The updated International Standard Banking Practice(ISBP), International Chamber of Commerce Publication No. 681, was published to bring its contents in line with UCP 600. The ISBP 681 has dealt with 185 paragraphs from paragraphs 200 of ISBP 645 that are commonly arising in the credit transactions and also explains in detail some of the articles of UCP 600 with the proper interpretation. The updated version ISBP 681 involved aligning it with UCP 600, making certain technical adjustments in expression of words such as "in conflict" instead of "inconsistent", etc. Also descriptions of goods in commercial invoice to be altered the words into "services or performance" in addition to "goods". Despite the updated ISBP 681, there remains a question. Where the words "from" or "after" are used in regard to something other than a period of shipment or the maturity date of drafts, there is no guidance from the UCP as to its meaning. The party concerned in credit transactions is also required to have a full understanding of the paragraphs of ISBP 681 and the articles of UCP 600 in order to acquire the documents preparation and examination facilitating the parties to minimize discrepancies.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.433-437
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• 2010

특허는 중요한 과학기술 연구 성과물을 담고 있다. 과학기술용어의 사용 빈도를 활용해 기술동향을 분석하는 연구가 있으나 용어는 종종 분야에 따라 다른 의미로 사용된다. 이 논문에서는 2000년부터 2008년 까지 매 2년 주기의 미국, 일본, 한국, 유럽(EPO), 국제(PCT) 특허의 제목(발명의명칭)으로부터 단어를 추출하여 WIPO가 제시한 전기공학, 기기, 화학, 기계공학, 기타 등의 5가지 분류로 정리하여 용어의 출현빈도 변화를 계산하였다. 이 값이 상위에 있는 단어들을 분석하여 기술동향, 특허와 기술개발과의 관련성을 분석하였다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.96-109
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• 2016

This objectives of this research was to look into the actual state of fashion wearing purchase and makeup purchase to recognize the interrelationship between fashion and makeup styles by selecting words used for fashion image and cosmetic style. Such study can offer basic materials for choice of makeup style by each fashion style. Most information on fashion and cosmetics were obtained through the internet. However, a lot of information on cosmetics were also obtained through TV. Therefore, if fashion companies use both internet and TV for advertising, more effect on purchasing might be obtained. The design and color are important standards for selecting clothes. However, the quality and price of clothes are essential standards for purchasing cosmetics. Therefore, for fashion companies, they need to pay more attention to design and color. However, for cosmetic companies, they need to take notice of quality and price. When image words were extracted, fashion images showed the following words: natural, romantic, elegance, casual, and avant-garde, while makeup images showed romantic-casual, elegance, avant-garde, and natural. Regarding the interrelationship between fashion style and makeup style, natural and casual fashion style were harmonized with natural makeup while romantic fashion style was associated with romantic makeup. The fashion style of elegance and avant- garde was associated with elegance makeup. Therefore, similar images were found between fashion and makeup styles.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.836-841
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• 2004

This paper describes ASIC design for brightness revision control, A LED Pixel Matrix (LPM) design and LPM in natural color LED vision. A designed chip has 256 levels of gradation correspond to each Red, Green, Blue LED pixel respectively, which have received 8bit image data. In order to maintain color uniformity by reducing the original rank error of LED, we adjusted the specific character value 'a' and brightness revision value 'b' to pixel unit, module unit and LED vision respectively by brightness characteristic function with 'Y=aX+b'. In this paper, if designed custom chip and brightness revision control method are applied to manufacturing of natural color LED vision, we can obtain good quality of image. Furthermore, it may decrease the cost for manufacturing LED vision or installing the plants.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.70-73
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• 2006

In late 20th century, smart home market evolved in China, and absorbed best manpower and technology to commercialize the smart home equipment. Many foreign companies want to take possession of Chinese market, but not arrive at abundance yet. There has many reasons, but most important thing is ignoring the interaction between technical elements and spacial elements. in other words, ignoring the correlation between each industry. Korean smart home market evolved same period with Chinese, but it has balanced development in technic and application, so the commercialize and market arrived at poverty. In this study, survey the present situation of smart home about Korea and China, and compare the technical elements. In addition to analysis the interaction between smart spacial contents and technology. This study focused on the smart apartment, and analysis the strength and weakness in each country, and make theoretical basement for Korea to make certain about Chinese smart home market.

• 아시아태평양코퍼스연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.57-74
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• 2023

Having a firm grasp of technical terms is essential for learners of Japanese for Specific Purposes (JSP). This research aims to analyze Japanese nursing care vocabulary based on objective corpus-based frequency and subjectively rated word familiarity. For this purpose, we constructed a text corpus centered on the National Examination for Certified Care Workers to extract nursing care keywords. The Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) was used as the statistical criterion for keyword identification, giving a list of 300 keywords as target words for a further word recognition survey. The survey involved 115 participants of whom 51 were certified care workers (CW group) and 64 were individuals from the general public (GP group). These participants rated the familiarity of the target keywords through crowdsourcing. Given the limited sample size, Bayesian linear mixed models were utilized to determine word familiarity rates. Our study conducted a comparative analysis of word familiarity between the CW group and the GP group, revealing key terms that are crucial for professionals but potentially unfamiliar to the general public. By focusing on these terms, instructors can bridge the knowledge gap more efficiently.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2003년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.84-90
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 웹 자유게시판에 쓰여지는 글들에 대해 체계적인 분석을 행하고자 한다. 즉, 비속어 사용, 비속어 사용 이유, 문제점 실태 등에 대한 분석을 행한다. 차후 이같은 웹 게시판이 가지고 있는 유해 단어 기록과 형태에 대해 문제점 해결 방안을 정책적, 기술적으로 나누어 제안하고자 한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2009

온라인 게임에서의 언어폭력 문제는 매우 심각하지만 그에 대한 효과적인 정책이나 기술적인 방법은 부족한 상황이다. 온라인 게임 서비스 업체에서는 금칙어 리스트를 작성하여 Swear Filter를 이용한 고정된 형식의 문자열 검색 방식을 통해 문제를 해결하려고 하고 있으나 사용자들은 다양한 방법으로 욕설을 조합 또는 변형시켜 기존의 필터링을 회피하고 있다. 특히 한글은 욕설의 변형이 매우 쉬운 특성을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에는 한글에 기초한 변형 욕설을 효율적으로 탐색하여 걸러내는 알고리즘을 제시한다. 이 알고리즘의 주된 특징은 변형 욕설의 표준형 변환과 자소단위의 반 전체 정렬(semi-global alignment), 이다. 실험 결과 저자들이 다양한 인터넷 게임 환경에서 직접 수집한 다종의 욕설 단어들에 대하여 약 90%의 우수한 필터링 성능을 보였다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제8권
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• pp.69-96
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• 1981

We all know that we can not keep a proper social life without language. Yet language is so much a part of our environment that we hardly realize it is there. The purpose of this study is to provide an understanding of the linguistical aspect of communication process in order to carry out a successful human relations in the operation of libraries. Human development rests upon man's capacity to digest large quantities of knowledge and it is language which allows facts to be communicated, stored, and disseminated. An attempt was made in this study to illustrate the elementary meaning-of-words aspect of communication. In order to share the most commonly agreed meanings in interpersonal communication, a careful study of semantic noises is important. In a constant struggle to meet client needs, staff and administrators, librarian must understand communication dialogues, their messages and be able to read all level of meanings. In order to perform a successful function of the librarian, to act as a link-man or communicator and to cope with its ever growing information, it is suggested that the deep understanding of the following linguistical aspect of communication elements is essential. 1. Characteristics of Language: (1) Words have different meanings to different people. (2) Words vary in the degree of abstraction. (3) Language is incomplete by its nature. (4) Language reflects not only the personality of the individual but also the culture of man's society. 2. Noises in transmitting meanings: (1) Mechanical or Technical noises. (2) Semantic Noises (3) Noises caused by the psychological factors a. attention b. perception, sensation, cognition and perceptual field. 3. Linguistic Stratum Languages differ considerably in vocabulary by the physical and cultural environment setting as well as situation of individual living. There are seven different language stratum which reflects different region, sex, age, profession, special social stratum, academic and tabooed words.