• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.303-314
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• 2006

The exchange of CAD (Computer Aided Design) models between different CAD systems and to downstream applications such as manufacturing has become very important to modem industry. One serious current issue is that the process cannot automatically import existing 3-D solid models in a variety of commercial CAD formats into the process without manually re-mastering the model in current standard including "SIEP AP(Application Protocol) 203 Edition 1" To fully integrate technical data from the design agency to the shop floor, design intent and validated 3D geometry of feature based parametric CAD model should be brought into the standardized processes. To overcome this limitation, AP203 Edition 2 (Ed.2) and its related STEP parts such as Part55, Part108, Part109, Part111 and Part112 are starting to be available to handle this problem. The features in Part111 are harmonized with the machining features available in AP224. This paper is focused on two mapping technologies: CAD to Part111 mapping and Pat111 to AP224 mapping including case studios and it will provide the guideline about what should be done next in the AP203 Ed.2 to AP224 mapping. The final goal of this project is to integrate technical data from CAD to AP224 based manufacturing information through AP203 Ed.2.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.238-247
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• 2023

The present work represents a technical guideline for decommissioning a disused teletherapy machine model Theratron-780 and contains category one ⁶⁰Co radioactive source. The first section predicts the dose rate from the source in case of normal and radiological emergency situations via FLUKA-MC simulation code. Moreover, the dose assessment for the occupational during the whole process is calculated and compared to the measured values. A suggested cordoned area for safety and security in a radiological emergency is simulated. The second section lists the whole process's technical procedures, including (preview, dismantle, securing, transport and storage) of the disused teletherapy machine. Results show that the maximum obtained accumulated dose for occupational were found to be 24.5 ± 4.9 μSv in the dismantle and securing process in addition to 3.5 ± 1.8 μSv during loading on the transport vehicle and unloading at the storage facility. It was found that the measured accumulated dose for workers is in good agreement with the estimated one by uncertainty not exceeding 5% in normal operating conditions.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.719-728
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• 2023

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been widely used to manage hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) equal to or smaller than 3 cm. No-touch RFA has gained attention and has recently been implemented in local ablation therapy for HCCs, despite its technical complexity, as it provides improved local tumor control compared to conventional tumor-puncturing RFA. This article presents the practice guidelines for performing no-touch RFA for HCCs, which have been endorsed by the Korean Society of Image-Guided Tumor Ablation (KSITA). The guidelines are primarily designed to assist interventional oncologists and address the limitations of conventional tumor-puncturing RFA with describing the fundamental principles, various energy delivery methods, and clinical outcomes of no-touch RFA. The clinical outcomes include technical feasibility, local tumor progression rates, survival outcomes, and potential complications.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.410-422
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• 2020

Objectives: According to the Act on Registration, Evaluation, Etc. of Chemicals, new and existing chemicals must be registered by 2030. In addition, industries need to submit hazard data as an attachment during the registration process. Therefore, we constructed a nationwide chemical database to support small industry by providing hazard data and original sources. During the process, we developed a new standard procedure for minimizing errors and increasing reliability. Methods: We analyzed the categories of errors and the cause of the errors through the verification results of the 2019 project. We present an improved database construction methodology and system. Results: Errors are categorized according to their causative factors into simple, technical, and structural type errors. Simple errors arise simply because of decreased concentration or negligence in following the instructions. Technical errors are caused by a discrepancy between the professional field and the type of data. Structural errors indicate systemic errors such as incomplete forms on the excel database or ambiguity in the guidelines. Lessons from the errors collected in the 2019 project are used to update the procedures for database authorization and technical guidelines. The main update points are as follows; 'supplementation of review process', 'giving regular training to external reviewers', 'giving additional information to authors, like physico-chemical properties of substances, degradability, etc.', 'amendment of excel form', and 'guideline upgrades'. Conclusions: We conducted this study with the aim of improving the accuracy and reliability of the database of hazard information for chemical substances. The new procedures and guidelines are now being used in the 2020 project for construction of a hazard information database for Korea.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 2018

In the past, design has been recognized as a means to determine colors, shapes, and functions Recently, however, it has been accepted in a wider sense, namely designing the entire service, including product and user experience design. In this way, in addition to creativity and expressive power that designers have as their main competence, according to the expansion of this design object, designers are required to have comprehensive abilities in related fields and accompanying technical professional abilities. If designing as a technology application as a direction toward this situation, design education can be carried out by approaching technology as a method of expression or design subject. It can also be an effective alternative towards improving the understanding of technology. Meanwhile, many small microcontroller board products with advanced functions and multi-functional specialized programming integrated development environments (IDEs) are becoming widespread due to their open source, low cost, and scalable features. However, students in the design department who lack the basic knowledge of science and engineering have difficulties learning, which requires considerable time and is required for practical use. From this point of view, we have made advancements in the technical understanding of design education by conducting fundamental research to the effectiveness of microcontroller-based prototyping tools as means of expression. We also conducted basic education of microcontroller boards for a certain period of time on students who majored in design in conjunction with the basic survey and investigated the obstacle factors using a questionnaire. Through these surveys, we have confirmed the necessity of designing microcontroller boards of low difficulty, which simplify the coding process that can act as a barrier in difficulty for design students to apply smoothly in design education. In addition, we intend to carry out a basic study on the guideline of microcontroller design for design education and composition of education programs.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

This study was performed to evaluate a local exhaust ventilation system capability and welding fume concentration in welding laboratory at 5 technical high schools. Results of the study are as follows; 1. The personal exposure of welding fume in welding laboratory was measured. The geometric mean of 73 personal samples was $6.27mg/m^3$($3.85{\sim}9.88mg/m^3$), and 68.5% of these exceeded TLV of the Korea Ministry of Labor. 2. The geometric mean of welding fume at outside of booth was $2.27mg/m^3$($1.57{\sim}2.58mg/m^3$). All of measured concentrations were lower than TLV of the Korea Ministry of Labor. 3. Local exhaust ventilation system in welding laboratory could not remove hazardous substance effectively because of inappropriate canopy hood and absurd design. 4. The possibility of exposure risk was estimated to be high because of working point under breathing zone, misplacement of working table and insufficient supply of respiratory protector. 5. The mean values of capture velocity and transportation velocity of local exhaust ventilation system in welding laboratory were 0.38m/sec, 4.27m/sec respectively. These values were satisfied the guideline of the Korea Ministry of Labor. 6. The efficiency of performance of local ventilation system was anticipated to be decreased because of accumulated dust and alien substance on fan and duct.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.68-77
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• 2017

In order to implement the smart home environment, we need an intelligence service platform that learns the user's life style and behavioral patterns, and recommends appropriate services to the user. The intelligence service platform should embed a couple of effective and efficient data mining algorithms for learning from the data that is gathered from the smart home environment. In this study, we evaluate the suitability of data mining algorithms for smart home intelligent service platforms. In order to do this, we first develop an intelligent service scenario for smart home environment, which is utilized to derive functional and technical requirements for data mining algorithms that is equipped in the smart home intelligent service platform. We then evaluate the suitability of several data mining algorithms by employing the analytic hierarchy process technique. Applying the analytical hierarchy process technique, we first score the importance of functional and technical requirements through a hierarchical structure of pairwise comparisons made by experts, and then assess the suitability of data mining algorithms for each functional and technical requirements. There are several studies for smart home service and platforms, but most of the study have focused on a certain smart home service or a certain service platform implementation. In this study, we focus on the general requirements and suitability of data mining algorithms themselves that are equipped in smart home intelligent service platform. As a result, we provide a general guideline to choose appropriate data mining techniques when building a smart home intelligent service platform.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.253-258
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• 2016

Objectives: The goals of this research were to evaluate acute (single-dose) and sub-acute (repeated-dose) toxicity profiles of methanolic extract of Pistacia integerrima J. L. Stewart ex Brandis (PI) for Wistar rats and to assess the safety profile of PI by observing physiological changes, mortality, changes in body weight, the histopathology of body organs, the hematology and the biochemistry of the animals. Methods: The toxicity profile of PI was evaluated using Wistar rats of both sexes. Animals were divided into four groups: Group 1; control group (normal saline), Group 2; PI-1 (250 mg/kg), Group 3; PI-2 (500 mg/kg), Group 4; PL-3 (1,000 mg/kg). An acute-toxicity study in which animals received a single dose of PI extract (2,000 mg/kg) and were then observed for 14 days for changes in skin, fur, eye color, mucous membrane secretions and excretions, gait, posture, and tonic or clonic movements was performed according to guideline 425 of the Organization of Economic and Corporation Development (OECD). In the repeated-dose toxicity study (OECD - 407) animals received a daily dose of PI extract for 28 days (4 weeks). The parameters observed in this study include body weight, hematology and biochemistry of the animals. Results: In the acute toxicity study, no mortalities or changes in behavior were noted in the animals. The repeated-dose toxicity study was also devoid of any toxicity in the animals during the 28 days of testing with PI extract. The extract did not alter- the body weight, hematology or biochemistry of the animals. The methanolic extract of PI was to be found safe to the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) for the single-dose and repeated-dose toxicity tests in rats. Conclusion: The methanolic extract of PI was devoid of toxicity; hence, it can be used for various ayurvedic preparations and treatments of diseases.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2015

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.173-183
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• 2015

Most of the diffusion models of chloride ions in reinforced concrete (RC) elements proposed in literature are related to an isotropic homogeneous semi-infinite medium. This assumption reduces the mathematical complexity, but it is correct only for plane RC elements. This work proposes a comparison between the diffusion model of chloride ions in RC circular columns and in RC slab elements. The durability of RC cylindric elements estimated with the circular model instead of the plane model is shown to be shorter. Finally, a guideline is formulated to properly use the standard and more simple plane model instead of the circular one to estimate the time to corrosion initiation of cylindrical RC elements.