• Title/Summary/Keyword: target and strategies

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Effects of Instructional Intervention in Low-Level College Students' Learning of Request Acts

  • Yang, Eun-Mi
    • English Language & Literature Teaching
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.215-235
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    • 2006
  • This paper explores the effects of two different methods of instruction for 106 low-level Korean learners of English at a college in learning request expressions. Both of the methods contained the focus-on-form and function characteristics, while the degree of explicitness for input enhancement was differentiated. Abundant email samples written by English native speakers for the input were provided and email writing practice for the output was proceeded for both groups of the students in the treatment sessions. The numbers of target forms used in pretest and posttest results were compared quantitatively: The tests included email writing and open-ended Discourse Completion Test (DCT). The results indicated that the target pragmatic features were slightly better learned under the condition of relatively high degree of explicit instruction with metapragmatic information, even though the difference was statistically insignificant. In addition, the students' use of request strategies both in email and DCT was affected positively by the treatment with email input and output. That is, the students applied the request strategies they learned through email into their oral production (open-ended DCT) as well as their email writing. Further study on the output effect of target features in advancing pragmatic competence is suggested.

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Revitalization Planning Strategies for Inner City Based on Locational Characteristics and Potentials -Focused on Cheongju Inner City- (지역 내 입지특성과 잠재력을 반영한 원도심 활성화 방안 -청주시 원도심 지역을 중심으로-)

  • Kim, Min-Hyeok;Jeon, Won-Sik;Kim, Young-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.554-559
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    • 2016
  • Cheongju has been a continuously expanding city due to housing development and new town construction since the 1980s. With time, many urban problems have arisen, such as commercial decline, and degradation of the residential environment in inner city. To revitalize the inner city, this study proposed some planning strategies through the linkage of separated urban regeneration projects maximizing its effectiveness. Therefore, firstly, this study selected the target area in the inner city and identified the cause of the declination and deterioration pattern. Secondly, the main issues were derived by reviewing the locational characteristics and the potential of the target area. Finally, four strategies and detailed projects were suggested for the target area for revitalization of the inner city. Although the effectiveness cannot yet be verified due to its under realization, the results derived from the citizen's participation are having a very important impact and they can be a useful reference for similar planning.

Strategies for Robust System Design Using Fuzzy Satisfaction Function (퍼지만족함수를 이용한 강건 시스템 설계전략)

  • 황인극;박동진
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.21 no.47
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    • pp.233-241
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    • 1998
  • With the increasing complexity of man-made systems, computer simulation has become a widely used tool for the design and analysis of complex system. When computer simulation is used for the purpose of system design, the analysts want to develop strategies to achieve some pre-defined target condition for an output of interest while simultaneously minimizing its variance. The goal of this research is to develop and demonstrate a new method for the design of robust systems with multiple responses using the fuzzy satisfaction function and computer simulation experiments.

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Treatment strategies targeting specific genetic etiologies in epilepsy

  • Kim, Hyo Jeong;Kang, Hoon-Chul
    • Journal of Genetic Medicine
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.8-15
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    • 2021
  • Recent genetic advances allow for identification of the genetic etiologies of epilepsy within individual patients earlier and more frequently than ever. Specific targeted treatments have emerged from improvements in understanding of the underlying epileptogenic pathophysiology. These targeted treatment strategies include modifications of ion channels or other cellular receptors and their function, mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathways, and substitutive therapies in hereditary metabolic epilepsies. In this review, we explore targeted treatments based on underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms in specific genetic epilepsies.

Burglary Prevention Effect of Target Hardening through Certified Security Products by WDQ Analysis (WDQ분석을 통한 타겟하드닝 CPTED의 침입범죄 예방효과 검증: 안산시 사례 중심으로)

  • Park, Hyeonho;Kim, Kang-Il;Cho, Joon-Tag
    • Korean Security Journal
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    • no.56
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    • pp.9-30
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    • 2018
  • Crime prevention strategies are introduced to reduce the loss caused by crimes, and Target hardening against domestic burglary attacks is broadly accepted as one of such physical security strategies. In terms of business and home security, target hardening is one of the suite of protective measures that are included in crime prevention through environmental design(CPTED). This can include ensuring all doors and windows are sourced and fitted in such a way that they can resist forcible and surreptitious from the attack of intruder. Target hardening with certified security doors, security windows and secure locks are revealed to be much more effective to deter burglary attacks than other security devices, such as CCTV, lightings and alarms which have largely psychological and indirect impact. A pilot program of target hardening utilizing certified security window and locks was carried out in Ansan city, South Korea in 2016. This study is based on the quasi-experimental design of this program for a residential area. The researchers tried to verify the crime displacement effect of the target hardening program and the diffusion effects of crime prevention benefits by analysing the crime statistics. The evaluation utilized WDQ(Weighted Displacement Quotient) technique to analyze whether the crime displacement occurred, compared the crime statistics of the experimental area with that of buffer zone and controlled areas. The result showed that the target hardening program was significantly effective in crime prevention. The number of burglary in the experimental site with target hardening intervention reduced by 100%, although the areas without the intervention showed reduction in the burglary. The crime displacement was not found at all, and the number of burlary at the buffer zone also reduced significantly.

A Genetic Algorithm Approach to the Fire Sequencing Problem

  • Kwon, O-Jeong
    • Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.61-80
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    • 2003
  • A fire sequencing problem is considered. Fire sequencing problem is a kind of scheduling problem that seeks to minimize the overall time span under a result of weapon­target allocation problem. The assigned weapons should impact a target simultaneously and a weapon cannot transfer the firing against another target before all planned rounds are consumed. The computational complexity of the fire sequencing problem is strongly NP­complete even if the number of weapons is two, so it is difficult to get the optimal solution in a reasonable time by the mathematical programming approach. Therefore, a genetic algorithm is adopted as a solution method, in which the representation of the solution, crossover and mutation strategies are applied on a specific condition. Computational results using randomly generated data are presented. We compared the solutions given by CPLEX and the genetic algorithm. Above $7(weapon){\times}15(target)$ size problems, CPLEX could not solve the problem even if we take enough time to solve the problem since the required memory size increases dramatically as the number of nodes expands. On the other hand, genetic algorithm approach solves all experimental problems very quickly and gives good solution quality.

The Strategies for Cyber Shopping Mall Business: A Comparative Case Study (사업 기반에 따른 인터넷 종합쇼핑몰 고객전략에 관한 연구)

  • 조남재;정연준;박상혁
    • Journal of Information Technology Application
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.83-102
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    • 2001
  • Internet-based shopping business spread rapidly in Korea. Companies are trying to develop and use various strategic competences. The strategies employed by those companies include activities related to the design of shopping site, market positioning, assistance of purchasing process, payment mechanism, and provision of various consumer services. However, the success of these strategies depends on various environmental factors and internal capability of the companies. In this study, I examined four successful Internet shopping mall companies and compared them to draw useful guidelines for Internet-based intermediary business. These four companies were selected because they are all considered successful by now, but brought different background. We found follows. First, each company tried to economize their own historical and developmental background. All of the selected companies were alike in their focus on the whole Internet user group. Customer needs analysis was performed more systematically. The Importance of customer information and the use of it are not sufficient. Second, Each companies consistently emphasized the importance of market-related activities. Despite the differences in initial states, all companies used similar strategies and had similar focus in target market and products. Conclusively, implications from this research for Internet shopping business can be summarized as follows. First, One of the important future directions for Internet shopping mall business is to broaden target market. Second, the provisions of carefully designed customized services are one success factor. Third, As customer traffic increased, the provision of differential customer service becomes a key success factor.

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In situ Recovery of hCTLA4Ig from Suspension Cell Cultures of Oryza sativa (형질전환 벼 현탁세포 배양에서 hCTLA4Ig의 in situ 회수)

  • Choi, Hong-Yeol;Cheon, Su-Hwan;Kwon, Jun-Young;Yun, Boreum;Hong, Seok-Mi;Kim, Sun-Dal;Kim, Dong-Il
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.284-290
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    • 2016
  • In this research, recombinant human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4-immunoglobulin (hCTLA4Ig) was produced by transgenic rice cells. RAmy3D promoter was used for overcome the limitation of low expression level in transgenic plant cells, and the secretion of target protein was accomplished by signal peptide. However, the RAmy3D promoter system which can be induced only by sugar starvation causes the decrease of cell viability. As a result, cell death promotes the release of protease which degrades the target proteins. The protein stability and productivity can be significantly influenced by proteolysis activity. Therefore, development of new strategies are necessary for the in situ recovery of target proteins from cell culture media. In this study, in situ recovery was performed by various strategies. Direct addition of Protein A resin with nylon bag leads to cell death by increased shear stress and decrease in production of hCTLA4Ig by protease. Medium exchange through modified flask could recover hCTLA4Ig with high cell viability and low protease activity, on the other hand, the productivity was lower than that of control. When in situ recovery was conducted at day 7 after induction in air-lift bioreactor, 1.94-fold of hCTLA4Ig could be recovered compared to control culture without in situ recovery. Consequently, in situ recovery of hCTLA4Ig from transgenic rice cell culture could enhance productivity significantly and prevent degradation of target proteins effectively.

Survey on Strategies for Developing the Mongolian Cashmere Industry (몽골 캐시미어 산업 발전방안 모색을 위한 현장 근무자 조사)

  • Yu, Haekyung;Ko, Sunyoung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.64 no.2
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    • pp.84-97
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    • 2014
  • This research aimed to explore strategies to develop the cashmere industry in Mongolia. Questionnaire consisted of questions regarding the necessity of development in different sectors in the cashmere industry, and areas of necessary competition for the development of Mongolian cashmere industry. In addition, characteristics of respondents and their companies were questioned. Surveys were distributed to people working in cashmere manufacturing companies in Ulaanbaator, Mongolia between July 25th, 2012 to September 3rd, 2012, and a total of 79 questionnaires were included in the final analysis using descriptive analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan test. Results showed that respondents perceived design as the sector that needed the most improvement, and product related strategies such as product quality, product differentiation, and design were more important than distribution or promotion related strategies. The perceptions on the development strategies differed according to company size and their target markets (domestic vs. export). Overall, respondents working in smaller companies showed greater concern for most sectors, and also felt technology, product quality and design were more important than those in working in larger companies. Companies that targeted the domestic market showed greater concern for herding and scouring sector than companies that exported, while the latter evaluated government policy, network, distribution/export channels more importantly than the former in developing the Mongolian cashmere industry.

A Study on the Environmental Sustainable Management (ESM) in Organic Products Retailing Markets (유기농식품 소매유통시장의 환경지속성경영 연구)

  • Yoo, Duck-Ki
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.21-40
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    • 2010
  • This work is described as an fresh effort to study environmental sustainable management in organic products retailing markets. Sustainable management means creating value for business, nature and society. The main point of this thesis is about the concept, the content and the target of environmental sustainable management, and the technical method and basis to achieve it. Also this thesis shows the strategy of sustainable management as well as the realization of sustainable development by carrying out organic agricultural production. The main content of sustainable management is that: - Rationalize the utilization of resource and energy. - Maximize economic benefit. - Minimize harm to humans and the environment. Examines business strategies that have successfully targeted markets, such as advertising, labeling, gaining consumer trust, partnerships, and diversifying operations. These included management skills, and marketing organic and other sustainably grown products to determine strategies for developing new markets for these products. Suggests that consumers are becoming more aware of the importance of environmentally sound methods for growing food, the health benefits of wholesome food, and are willing to pay more for these products.