• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.1479-1480
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• 2011

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.1259-1265
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• 2019

Maintaining timing relationships among packets in a single media stream or between packets from different media streams is an essential criterion in MMT system. It is the function of the synchronization and de-jittering algorithms to re-adjust timing relationship between the MMT packets to assure synchronized playback. Thus, delivery of time constrained MPEG media on time, according to their temporal requirements, is an important goal of MMT. For this purpose MMT needs to specify syntax and semantics of a timing model to be used by the delivery functions. In this paper, we propose a proper timestamp-related header format for MMT delivery timing model to support media synchronization in various delivery scenarios including hybrid delivery.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.82-92
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• 2003

Objective: To appreciate the effect of San-Yin-Jiao(SP-6) pressure on duratof delivery time and quantity of blood loss in order to verify the possibility of application to clinic of San-Yin-Jiao pressure. Methods: The design of this study is nonequivalent control group non- synchronized design. The subjects are 39 persons who are made up of SP-6 pressure applied(experimental) group 20 persons and to control group 19 persons. Collected data were analyzed as frequency, percentage, t-test, $x^2-test$ using SPSS 10.0 WIN Program. Conclusions: San-Yin-Jiao(SP-6) pressure not only make short duration of delivery time, but also decline quantity of blood loss in effect. 1. It could be necessary that the study of the effects of San-Yin-Jio(SP-6) pressure on duration of delivery time and quantity of blood loss for primipara be done repeatedly. 2. It could be necessary to increase this sort of study through free random experimental design in order to generalize this experimental result.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 2012

Automobile market was grown up by 1.7% at the first half of 2012 comparison with 2011 in China and this growth trend will be continued for a while. Under this market environment the China automobile companies expand the production capacity and result in heightening the intense competition for companies. This paper deals with the more efficient production line and production logistics through SPS(Synchronized Production System) with construction of MES(Manufacturing Execution System) in H automobile company in China. In plastic painting line we can simultaneously prepare the production quantity and delivery time according to assembly production plan by introducing MES. We can reduce the excess production and result in extreme reduction of inventory.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.177-181
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate the effects of hCG treatment on pregnancy and delivery rates in the Hanwoo recipients. There were significantly higher pregnancy and delivery rates in the recipients treated with hCG at 7 days after artificial insemination (p<0.05), respectively. The SCNT embryos from bovine fetal fibroblast cells were transferred into the synchronized recipients. The recipients were administered saline (n=89) or hCG (1,500 IU) (n=48) at 7 days after heat, respectively. The pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the recipients treated with hCG compared to that of saline treated group (p<0.01), however, the delivery rate was not different in both treated groups. The concentration of plasma progesterone (P4) was not different in both groups before hCG treatment, but the P4 level was increased significantly in hCG treated group after hCG injection (p<0.05). Although the pregnancy rate was very high in early stage of pregnancy, it was decreased dramatically after 50 days of pregnancy and maintained basal level. Taken together, the treatment of hCG in the SCNT recipients after day 7 of heat was effective method to increase the P4 concentration and to increase the pregnancy rate. But it did not affect directly to delivery.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.71-83
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• 2003

This study is aimed to develop and evaluate different approaches for cyber education. The project involved the development of sample cyber education programs using different design approaches, with built-in evaluation mechanisms. The different design approaches depend on what delivery technologies are involved. In the First Generation, the delivery technologies use text, flash and animation, whereas the synchronized content to video and audio are used in the Second and the Third Generations but the difference is the delivery method used by the videoclip. Tests were carried out through self-assessment to measure and analyze the efficient teaching. The results show that the Third generation technologies were the most effective method for cyber education. However, since the Third generation program is developed in multimedia, it tends 10 require higher development costs, and more advanced hardware and software as well as a higher bandwidth for network. Therefore, the research indicates that the development of technical supports, like loading speed, has to be solved simultaneously with the development of multimedia products for effective cyber education.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.403-410
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• 2010

The switched Ethernet has many features for real-time communications such as providing traffic isolation, large bandwidth, and full-duplex links, and so on. The switched Ethernet, however, cannot guarantee the timely delivery of a real-time message because message delay increases when collisions occurs at the output ports and message loss can even occur due to the overflow at the output buffer. Recently, many research efforts have been done to use the switched Ethernet as an industrial control network. In the industrial control network, sensors periodically sense the physical environment and transmit the sensed data to an actuator, and the periodic messages from sensors to actuators have typically real-time requirements such that those messages must be transmitted within their deadlines. This paper first suggests a feasible condition for EDF (Earliest Deadline First)-based scheduling of periodic messages on a synchronized switched Ethernet and a message scheduling algorithm which satisfies the proposed feasible condition. Pedreiras, et al. [10] suggested a feasible condition for message scheduling on the Ethernet (shared media Ethernet), but there has been no research result on the scheduling condition on the switched Ethernet until now. We compared the real-time message scheduling capacity between the Ethernet and the switched Ethernet by simulation. The simulation result shows that the message scheduling capacity of the Ethernet has almost remained constant as the number of nodes on the network increases, but, in the case of the switched Ethernet, the message scheduling capacity has increased linearly according to the number of nodes on the network.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.322-331
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• 1998

The postpartum is a period of transition to motherhood where a childless woman transforms into a woman with children. Parents, especially mothers must perform an essential role of implementing instrumental and emotional care behaviors on part of the helpless, dependent, and immature infant. First-time mothers, however, suddenly face the responsibility of round the clock duty without neither parenting training during pregnancy, nor a time to gradually adapt to growing responsibilities after birth, with confusion and frustration as a result. Thus, after providing first-time mothers with childcare education as maternal role preparation, this study will try to examine its effects on childcare behaviors and confidence in maternal role during the early postpartum period. This quasi-experimental study using a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design, was carried out from March 1995 to May 1996 to verify the effects of a childcare education program with first-time mothers who had vaginal delivery in Ewha University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, and collected data from 60 subjects who consented to the study. The education was given in the early postpartum period(48-72 hours after delivery) and to measure its effects, a posttest was done 4 weeks later with the results analyzed by SPSS shown in the following : 1. The childcare behavior score of the experimental group that had received the newborn care education was higher than the control group(t=3.5, P=.001). 2. The control group and the experimental group which had received the education showed no difference in degree of confidence in maternal role. 3. The higher the childcare behavior score, the higher the degree of confidence in maternal role was among the subjects(r=.56, P=.001). The preceding results are significant in that childcare practices can be promoted by providing child-care education to first-time mothers in the early postpartum period. Thus, this education can be used as a nursing intervention strategy in the early postpartum period.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.331-347
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects on labor pain and duration of delivery time for primipara women treated by Hob-Gog (LI-4) pressure. 1. The proposed hypothesis was that 'the score of labor pain could be lower in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied than in the control group'. 1-1. The sub hypothesis was that the score of subjective labor pain would be lower in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied than in the group which did not have LI-4 pressure applied. 1-2. Another sub hypothesis was that the score of objective labor pain would be lower in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied than in the group which did not have LI-4 pressure applied. 2. The proposed hypothesis was that 'the score of duration of delivery time could be shorter in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied than in the control group'. The design of this study was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized post test only design to verify the effect on labor pain for primipara women treated by LI-4 pressure and to evaluate the benefits of using LI-4 pressure on some women and judging the degree of their labor pains in comparison with other primipara women not treated with LI-4 pressure. The subjects included 63 primipara women who underwent vaginal delivery, who were between 38-41 weeks intra uterine pregnancy; who did not have any complications; and who were under pitocin augmentation or induction. They were recruited with informed consent; 34 were in the control group and 29 were in the experimental group. The study was measured with a structured questionnaire consisting of general characteristics, knowledge related to delivery, subjective (Johnson, 1974) and objective(McLachlan, 1974) labor pain scale, data collection was done by research during the period from April, 2000 to July, 2000 and data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, $x^2$-test, and t-test. The results were as follows: 1. The scores of total labor pain in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied were lower($347.62{\pm}49.84$) than in the group($411.02{\pm}55.79$) which did not have LI-4 pressure applied; And these differences were statistically significant(t=4.7193, p=.000). 1-1. The scores of subjective labor pain in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied were lower($203.44${\pm}33.88$)$ than in the group ($$233.82{\pm}31.31$$) which did not have LI-4 pressure applied(t=3.6953, p=.000). 1-2. The scores of objective pain in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied were lower ($144.18{\pm}29.12$) than in the group which did not have LI-4 pressure applied($177.20{\pm}35.01$). but there were no statistically significant differences found in regard to the scores of objective pain(t=4.0271, p=.000). 3. The duration of delivery time in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied was shorter ($390.51min{\pm}111.91$) than in the group ($460.44min{\pm}190.78$)which did not have LI-4 pressure applied and the duration of delivery time in the experimental group was statistically more significant than that in the control group. therefore this thesis was adapted(t=1.734, p=.0879). It could be concluded that LI-4 pressure is effective in relation to labor pain and duration of delivery time for primipara women. Therefore it is necessary to increase the number of subjects to generalize this result.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.9A
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• pp.868-877
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• 2006

Sensor network applications need synchronized time to the highest degree such as object tracking, consistent state updates, duplicate detection, and temporal order delivery. In addition, reliability issues and fault tolerance in sophisticated sensor networks have become a critical area of research today. In this paper, we proposed a fault tolerant clock management scheme in sensor networks considering two cases of fault model such as network faults and clock faults. The proposed scheme restricts the propagation of synchronization error when there are clock faults of nodes such as rapid fluctuation, severe changes in drift rate, and so on. In addition, it handles topology changes. Simulation results show that the proposed method has about $1.5{\sim}2.0$ times better performance than TPSN in the presence of faults.