• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.38-49
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• 2016

This paper proposes a mathematical model-based solution for sourcing decisions with an objective of minimizing the manufacturer's total cost in the two-echelon supply chain with supply capacity risk. The risk impact is represented by uniform, beta, and triangular distributions. For the mathematical model, the probability vector of normal, risk, and recovery statuses are developed by using the status transition probability matrix and the equations for estimating the supply capacity under risk and recovery statuses are derived for each of the three probability distributions. Those formulas derived are validated using the sampling method. The results of the simulation study on the test problem show that the sourcing decisions using the proposed solution reduce the total cost by 1.6~3.7%, compared with the ones without a consideration of supply capacity risk. The total cost reduction increases approximately in a linear fashion as the probability of risk occurrence or reduction rate of supply capacity due to risk events is increased.

• IE interfaces
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.359-374
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• 2004

The objective of this paper is to provide an improved reorder decision policy for general multi-echelon distribution systems utilizing the shared stock information. It has been known that traditional reorder policies sometimes show poor performance in distribution systems. Thus, in our previous research we introduced the order risk policy which utilizes the shared stock information more accurately for the 2- echelon distribution system and proved the optimality. However, since the real world supply chain is generally composed with more than 2 echelons, we extend the order risk policy for the general multi-echelon systems. Since the calculation of the exact order risk value for general multi-echelon systems is very complex, we provide two approximation methods for the real-time calculation. Through the computational experiment comparing the order risk policy with the existing policies under various conditions, we show the performance of the order risk policy and analyze the value of the shared stock information varying with the characteristics of the supply chain.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.237-261
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• 2014

This study is to investigate the impact of information technology implementation on supply chain risk and performance. It focuses on how information technology adoption affects supply risk as well as performance. It collected one hundred fifty nine responses from supply executives and supply and purchasing managers of U.S manufacturing firms by applying a survey methodology. The research results provide empirical evidence that the use of information technology in the supply chain mitigates supply risk and improves performance. More importantly, information technology adoption involves three aspects: inbound and outbound communications, internal communications and administration and finally, mitigation of supply risks and improved performance via order taking and procurement. This research emphasizes the importance of IT implementation in supply risk management. It also points out how information technology adoption facilitates the impact of information technology in risk mitigation in the supply chain and in performance. Thus, supply and purchasing managers need to consider IT implementation and adoption when establishing their risk mitigating strategies within the supply chains.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.1 s.107
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• pp.67-71
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• 2006

This study gathered the factors of supply chain risk through literature review, and measured the importance of risk factors recognized by domestic companies. The purpose and necessity of this study are as follows. First, supply risk factors were classified and explored through empirical studies about supply chain risk. Most of the previous studies concentrated on the meaning of supply chain risk, but only in terms of concept approach Second, to evaluate the importance of supply-chain risk recognized by the companies, AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process} method was proposed in this paper. Finally, this study suggests implications for companies' efficient supply activity by measuring the importance of supply-chain through AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process).

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1189-1206
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• 2020

Recently, ICT companies do not directly design, develop, produce, operate, maintain, and dispose of products and services, but are outsourced or outsourced companies are increasingly in charge. Attacks arising from this are also increasing due to difficulties in managing vulnerabilities for products and services in the process of consignment and re-consignment. In order to respond to this, standards and systems for security risk management of ICT supply chain are being established and operated overseas, and various case studies are being conducted. In addition, research is being conducted to solve supply chain security problems such as Software Bill of Materials (SBOM). International standardization organizations such as ISO have also established standards and frameworks for security of ICT supply chain. In this paper, we presents ICT supply chain security management items suitable for domestic situation by comparing and analyzing ICT supply chain security standards and systems developed as international standards with major countries such as the United States and EU, and explains the necessity of cyber security framework for establishing ICT supply chain security system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.201-203
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• 2022

Increasing global market of used electric vehicle (EV) battery encourages international firms to establish its subsidiary companies or business units specializing in battery recycling. Such kind of companies predominantly use closed loop supply chain (CLSC) for their operations of battery manufacturing and used battery recycling/reusing in global scale. However, EV battery recycling, as a relatively new industry, makes its global CLSC be exposed to various types of risks, which leads to inefficiency of supply processes and makes supply chains more complicated and vulnerable. Identifying, evaluating, and analyzing possible risks in CLSC has a great importance for optimization and increasing effectiveness for the global supply chain of used EV battery. Itwill assist to elaborate the efficient CLSC management and possible risk mitigation strategies to keep the global EV battery supply chain resilient and sustainable. This study aims to develop a conceptual framework for risk assessment in this new sector. Therefore, it will populate the framework with possible failure modes identified from various literature on EV battery recycling and closed loop supply chains so that future research can validate and utilize the conceptual framework.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.173-186
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• 2007

This research consists of (1) building (or molding) the Dynamics Simulation Model on Return Policy mainly used in publications, phonographs, and computer industry; which are seen used in supply chain contract known as effective control mechanism under the varied supply chain situations, and (2) analyzing the effects that return rates and seller's contract parameters have in the outcome of the model and (3) observing how the effectiveness of Return Policy changes under such circumstances where the buyer's sales ability and the seller's risk inclination are taken into account. Thus, the main purpose of this research lies in analyzing what exactly are the effects (and or outcome) that sales ability and risk inclination have in Return Policy, and additionally by conducting comprehensive research on Supply Chain Policy Dynamics Simulation Model, we will try to prove that not only the Systems Dynamics approach is highly contributive in supply chain management but also that it will serve as a foothold in future research. As a result of the research, supply chain achievement level turned out to be high when Return Policy is enforced, and the achievement level was even higher when seller's sales ability was taken into consideration along with the Return Policy. On the other hand, the achievement level decreased when the seller had risk aversive tendencies.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.18A no.4
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• pp.151-158
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• 2011

For the purpose of cost saving and sales promotion, various industry companies have introduced logistics management techniques in their field. However, enterprises faced to damages because proper products can not be provided to customers in basic logistics 3S1L(speedy, safely, surely, and low) principles for environments changing rapidly and inflexible business processes. So, we need the ability in coping with risk to handle this phenomenon. In particular, the shipper of key decisions of supply chain risk management requires continuous exchange and collection of logistics information in the third-party logistics. However the current SCRMS(Supply Chain Risk Management System) is not sufficient to cover the shipper's various needs and to recognize and respond to emergency situations. Therefore, this paper proposes an active SCRMS framework through the reconsideration about the previous research on SCRM and rearrangement of risk factors for coping with those problems. in addition, it verifies an efficiency through a stability comparison with the current system.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.464-479
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is that analyzing the causal relationship between Infra, Process and Performance of companies which are executing the Supply Chain Quality Management(SCQM) with their subcontractors and partners. Korean Standards Association(KSA) provides the Supply Chain Quality Management Model and Quality Collaboration Index for 4 years, but a few study has investigated the critical variables and their causal relationship to organizational performance. Therefore we examine the SCQM model and related index and choose the quality, human resource and risk management processes for identifying the path to organizational performance. In addition, exploratory factor analysis is conducted for figuring out the major factors among the 3 processes. Structural Equation Model are successively used for determining which characteristics of the infra and processes are the most critical variables to performance. The data was collected from KSA and composed of 52 companies and 346 their partners. The result shows that risk management process has no significant effect on the organizational performance and pre-production process collaboration.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.187-214
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• 2012

Supply chain management(SCM) helps firms in integrating their business by collaborating with other value chain partners to meet the unpredictable demand of the end user. Agility is the fundamental characteristic of a supply chain needed for survival in turbulent and volatile markets, which are becoming norms as product life cycles shorten and environmental forces create additional uncertainty resulting in higher risk in the supply chain management. Literature reviews reveals various factors that could affect the agility. The objective of this study is to derive interdependence, partnership, quality of information, joint problem solving, modelize the mutual influential relationship between them, and look into the influential relationship influencing the agility. To test the proposed model, we used a data set generated from survey. Date analysis was conducted using 122 respondents. We used structural equation model (SEM) implemented in partial least square(PLS). The results of this study can be summarized as follows. Interdependence had a significant impact on partnership. Partnership had a significant impact on quality of information and joint problem solving. Quality of information had a significant impact on joint problem solving. Quality of information and joint problem solving had a significant impact on agility. This study diagnoses that Inter-organizational relationship characteristics are important for supply chain agility. Inter-organizational relationship characteristics are considered as an essential factor for supply chain agility.