• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.368-377
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• 2015

Bunker C fuel oil is a high-viscosity oil obtained from petroleum distillation as a residue. The sulfur content of bunker C fuel oil is limited to 4.0% or even lower to protect the environment. Because bunker C fuel oil is burned in a furnace or boiler for the generation of heat or used in an engine for the generation of power, carbon dioxide is emitted as a result of combustion. The objective of this study is to investigate $CO_2$ emission characteristics of bunker C fuel oil by sulfur contents. Calorific values and carbon contents of the fuels were measured using the oxygen bomb calorimeter method and the CHN elemental analysis method, respectively. Sulfur and hydrogen contents, which were used to calculate the net calorific value, were also measured and then net calorific values and $CO_2$ emission factors were determined. The results showed that hydrogen content increases and carbon content decreases by reducing sulfur contents for bunker C fuel oil with sulfur contents less than 1.0%. For sulfur contents between 1.0% and 4.0%, carbon content increases as sulfur content decreases but there is no evident variation in hydrogen content. Net calorific value increases by reducing sulfur contents. $CO_2$ emission factor, which is calculated by dividing carbon content by net calorific value, decreases as sulfur content decreases for bunker C fuel oil with sulfur contents less than 1.0% but it showed relatively constant values for sulfur contents between 1.0% and 4.0%.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1988

This study was carried out to measure the contents of soluble sulfur and heavy metals in the leaves of roadside tree at 34 sampling sites of Seoul area from the Sep. 1 to Sep. 30 during 1985 and 1986. The results were as follows; 1. Average contents of soluble sulfur at all sampling sites were; Plantanus orientalis 0.474%, Ginkgobioloba 0.562%, and Salix pseudolasiogyne 0.566%. 2. Correlation between sulfur dioxide concentration in the air and soluble sulfur in the leaves by area were; Green belt area R = 0.985, Residential area R = 0.856, Commercial area R = 0.668, Industrial area R = 0.886. Correlation by species were ; Platanus orientalis R = 0.817, Ginkgobiloba R = 0.771, Salix pseudo-lasiogyne R = 0.824. 3. Correlation between $SO_X$ concentration in the air and sulfur contents in the leaves showed positive significance. 4. Contents of soluble sulfur in the heavy traffic area were higher than that of light traffic area. 5. Heavy metal contents of 1986 were higher than that of 1985; Fe> Mn > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd > Cr. 6. Lead contents in the leaves of 1986 were; Platanus orientalis 16, 701 ppm, Gingobiloba 21,729ppm, Salix Pseudo-lasiogyne 12.418 ppm.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1991

The atmospheric SO$_{2}$ concentrations and water soluble sulfur contents in Ginkgo biloba were measured and analyzed in auto-measuring station, Kwangleung, and Yongmun from August 5 to October 21, 1990. The results of the study are as follows: 1. Atmospheric SO$_{2}$ concentrations between the seoul area(Pulkwang, Ssangmun, Myonmok, Oilurn) in which the concentrations exceeded the air quality standards and the surburb of seoul (Kwangleung, Yongmun) revealed the significant difference (p<0.01). 2. Water soluble sulfur contents in Ginkgo biloba in autumn were higher than those in Ginkgo biloba in summer (p<0.01). Water soluble sulfur contents in leaves showed a significant difference between seoul and its surburb(p<0.01). 3. Correlation between atmospheric SO$_{2}$ concentration and water soluble sulfur content of Ginkgo biloba in autumn was as follow Y=0.2714+9.8123 X, r=0.6362 (X: Airborne SO${_2}$ Concentration according to sampling location, Y: Water Soluble Sulfur Contents)

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.317-323
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• 2006

Electric conductive material should be homogeneously mixed with sulfur in sulfur electrode fabrication of lithium/sulfur battery, because sulfur is electric insulator. In this paper electrochemical properties of Li/S battery was studied with various compositions of sulfur electrodes. When content of sulfur changed from 40 wt.% to 80 wt.%, the 60 wt.% sulfur electrode showed the maximum capacity of 1489 mAh/g-sulfur. Electrochemical properties of Li/S battery using 60 wt.% sulfur was also investigated with various carbon contents. The discharge capacity changed as a function of carbon contents. The optimum composition was 25 wt.% carbon for 60 wt.% sulfur electrode.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.29-41
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• 1988

This study was performed to investigate the air pollution levels in Daegu area titrough measuring of contents of water, chlorophyll, water soluble sulfur and lead metal in the leaves of roadside trees and chemical properties of soil under the urban trees. The results can be summarized as follows 1. The range of water content was from 60.4% to 74.6%. The comparisons of chlorophyll, water soluble sulfur and water content were regression equation, chlorophyll=0.1981+ 0.0040 water content (July), water soluble sulfur=3,139-0.0416 water content (July). and correlation coefficient, r=0.561 and r=0.549 respectively 2. Average contents of chlorophyll, water soluble sulfur and lead metal in the leaves of roadside tree at sampling sites were chlorophyll 0.050, 0.072mg/cm$^2$, water soluble sulfur 0.244, 0.333%, and lead metal 12.25, 12.68ppm in Oct. and Jul. respectively. 3. Correlation between chlorophyll and contents of water soluble sulfur and lead metal in the leaves of roadside tree at sampling sites were water soluble sulfur r=-0.564, -0.613 and lead metal r=-0.693, -0.699 in October and July, respectively. 4. Correlation between chlorophyll and water content, water soluble sulfur and lead metal in the leaves of tree showed positive significance.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.544-549
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 분석대상식품인 곡류, 과일류, 채소류, 어류둥 20종 180품목의 식품별에 따른 천연 이산화황의 함유량에 대해 모니어월리암스변법, 개량랭킹법 및 산증류/이온배제크로마토크래피법을 각각 적용하여 분석한 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 본 연구에서 사웅한 각 실험방법별 회수율은 모니어월리암스변법은 $74{\sim}91%$, 개량랭킹법법은 $67{\sim}87%$, 산증류/이온배제크로마토그래피법은 $68{\sim}88%$의 회수율을 얻을 수 있었으며 모니어월리암스 변법에 의한 조사대상식품의 이산화황 분석결과는 $1.02{\sim}43.87\; ppm$의 범위를 보였고 마늘, 도라지, 파, 양배추 및 양파가 각각 43.87, 15.37, 11.50, 11.21 및 10.60 ppm의 높은 농도로 검출되었으며, 그 나머지 식품은 모두 10.00 ppm 미만으로 낮은 농도를 보였다. 개량랭킹법에 의한 조사대상식품의 이산화황 분석결과는 파와 마늘이 2.87 ppm과 6.41 ppm으로 높게 나타났고 나머지는 대부분 2.00 ppm미만의 낮은 농도를 보였다. 산증류/이온배제크로마토그래피법에 의한 조사대상식품의 이산화황 분석결과는 마늘, 양배추, 파, 양파, 감자 및 사과가 각각 15.43, 9.82, 5.74, 5.37, 2.14 및 0.49 ppm이 검출되었고, 그 나머지는 불검출이었다. 결론적으로, 20종 180품목을 3가지 분석방법을 적용하여 천연으로 존재하는 이산화황의 함유량을 조사한 결과, 여러 식품중 천연으로 존재하는 이산화황의 함유량을 모니터링하는데는 현행 식품공전의 공정시험법인 모니어월리암스변법이 타당한 방법이라고 생각되나, 건조된 파, 양파, 양배추등의 황화합물을 함유하는 식품의 경우에는 모니어월리암스법(AOAC공정법 990.28)에 규정되어 있는 것과 같이 이산화황이외의 황화합물에서 기인되는 휘발성물질이 이산화황으로 같이 검출되므로 건조된 파, 양파, 양배추등의 황화합물을 함유하는 식품의 경우에는 황화합물에서 기인되는 휘발성물질이 이온크로마토그래프에서 배제되고 이산화황만 검출되는 산중류/이온배제크로마토그래피법을 적용하여 분석하는 것이 타당하다고 사료된다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제12권3_4호
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• pp.61-66
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• 1997

Recently, incidences of pulmonary-related diseases are increasing and natural ecosystem is destroyed year by year owing to air pollutions by industrial noxious gases such as sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide, etc. Sulfur dioxide produced by oxidation of sulfur compounds is water soluble and causes several kinds of pulmonary diseases, damaging on plants and animals. This study was undertaken to investigate effects of acute exposure of rats to sulfur dioxide using biochemical parameters. The sAST (aspartate transaminase) activity was not significantly affected but sALT (alanine transaminase), sLDH (lactate dehydrogenase) and sALP (alkaline phosphatase) activities were significantly increased by acute sulfur dioxide gas exposure. Also sulfur dioxide gas treatment significantly diminished serum cholinesterase activity. The total lipid, triglyceride, total-, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol contents were significantly increased by sulfur dioxide gas exposures. But the body and liver weight were generally diminished in comparison with control group. Our results' showed increased enzyme activities and lipid contents, but body and liver weight were all diminished by sulfur dioxide gas treatment.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2016

This paper presents an experimental study to ivestigate mechanical property of concretes according to addition of urea and urea-water soluble sulfur contents. Urea was added at 5~20% replacement by weight of water, and water soluble sulfur was used at 2%, 4% replacement by weight of cement. The setting times, the hydration heat, the compressive strength, and the drying shrinkage, were measured on concretes with single and binary admixtures. From the test result, it was confirmed that the hydration heat of urea-water soluble sulfur was lower than that of normal concrete by $10.1^{\circ}C$, and the drying shrinkage of urea-water soluble sulfur concrete was more excellent than normal concrete. In the case of urea of 5%, Compressive strength were improved with an increase of water soluble sulfur contents. The urea-water soluble sulfur used in this research can be used as improvement materials for drying shrinkage and compressive strength.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2015년도 제51회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.261-264
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• 2015

Soot particles of diesel and bunker-A with different sulfur contents were generated by pyrolysis with varying conditions of fuel flow rate and residence time in the ceramic tube at $1300^{\circ}C$. TEM and particle size analyzer were used for analysing the primary and the secondary particle size distributions. The results showed that the sulfur content in fuel influences soot inception while the fuel concentration and residence time affects the growth of incepted soot particles.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 1997

질소 및 유황시용이 수도의 생육, 수량 및 수량구성요소와 함유황아미노산 함량에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 섬진벼와 삼강벼를 공시품종으로하여 요소구, 요소+광물유황구, 요소+광물유황 2배량구, 요소 2배량+광물유황 2배량구, 유안구, 유안+광물유황구, 유안 2배량구로 처리하고 pot 시험을 수행한 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 이앙후 50일의 초장 및 분얼수는 양 품종 모두 처리간에 유의차가 있었으며, 질소 및 유황시용량 증가에 따라 분얼수가 증가하는 경향이었다. 2. 섬진벼에서는 수량과 주당수수 및 천립중에서 처리간에 유의차가 있었으며, 삼강벼에서는 수량과 주당수수에서 처리간에 유의차가 있었다. 섬진벼와 삼강벼 모두 질소 및 유황의 처리량 증가에 따라 수량이 증가하는 경향이었다. 3. 섬진벼 및 삼강벼 모두 수량구성요소중 주당수수만이 수량과 유의한 정의 상관이 있었다. 4. 질소 및 유황의 시용량이 증가할수록 수확기의 짚 및 현미중 질소와 유황 함량은 증가되었고. N/S비는 반대로 낮아졌다. 5. 수량과 수확기의 짚 및 현미중의 질소와 유황 함량간에는 각각 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 보였고, N/S비와는 부의 상관을 보였다. 6. 수확기 짚 및 현미중의 질소 함량과 유황 함량간에는 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 보였다. 7. 질소 및 유황의 시용량 증가에 따라 조단백질 함량이 증가되었고, 현미중 함유황아미노산은 짚중 유황 함량과 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 보였으며, 짚중 질소와는 정의 상관을 보였다. 8. 질소 및 유황의 시용량이 증가할수록 수량 조단백질 함량 및 함유황아미노산(cystine, methionine) 함량이 증가하는 경향을 보였다.