• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.180-186
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• 2009

In this study, Crotalaria sessiliflora L., leaf was extracted with a solvent mixture of $CH_2Cl_2$ and $CH_2OH$ (3:1). In order to draw or separate effective components from the leaf extract with high activity, a 1:1 solvent mixture of water and butanol was used after removal of the sugar and fat from the extract. From the decompressed and concentrated butanol layer, 10 small fractions (Fr1, Fr2, Fr3, Fr4, Fr5, Fr6, Fr7, Fr8, Fr9, and Fr10) were obtained using a chromatography column filled with sephadex LH-20. The activity of each fraction was measured by the same method as that used to measure the antioxidant effect of each part(p<0.05). The Fr1, Fr4, and Fr6 fractions showed the highest activity levels(p<0.05). The vital unknown material that vitality exists in the strong butanol fractions of F1, F4 and F6 will be isolated and identified. Currently, we are performing for a single compound from an unknown peak by instrumental analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.1025-1029
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• 2008

Fresh green tea leaf extracts were prepared by different enzyme treatment conditions, such as concentration, treating time and treating temperature using complex enzyme, Rapidase TF, and then extracted for 30 min at $80^{\circ}C$ to investigate their physicochemical properties. The results showed that free sugar content in every sample tended to increase, especially glucose content was increased up to 7.25 times compared to the control. Total amino acid was barely affected by the enzyme treatment and caffeine content was increased with reaction temperature. Total polyphenol and total catechin content was increased according to the amount of enzyme added and reaction temperature. Regardless of enzyme treatment conditions, composition of catechins were epigallocatechin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate by descending order of the content. Gallic acid content increased up to 0.04% and $45^{\circ}C$ with no further significant changes thereafter. From the results above, we could conclude that a simple and new method to extract green tea materials directly from fresh green tea leaves with improved extract ratio may be introduced by adding $0.08{\sim}0.1%$ of Rapidase TF to heat treated fresh green tea leaves and keeping temperature at $37{\sim}45^{\circ}C$ for $180{\sim}240\;min$ in order to skip existing complicated procedures.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.81-103
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• 2002

This present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Saengjingamrotang and Saengjingamrotang plus Radix Trichosanthis in streptozotocin induced hyperglycemic rats. Body weigh, serum levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride and urine levels of volume, glucose, protein were measured in streptozotocin induced hyperglycemic rats orally receiving extracts of Sanengjingamrotang and Saengjingamrotang plus Radix Trichosanthis for 4 days. The results were as follows: 1. The change of body weight, the medication group of Saengjingamrotang plus Radix Trichosanthis concentration has the notable increase, the medication group of Saengjingamrotang concentration has no notable change, as compared to control group. 2. The change of the content on serum glucose, the medication group of Saengjingamrotang conctntration have notable decrease, as compared to control group. 3. The change of the content on serum insulin, the medication group of Saengjingamrotang plus Radix Trichosanthis concentration has the notable increase, the medication group of Saengjingamrotang concentration has no notable change, as compared to control group. 4. The change of the content on serum total cholesterol, the medication group of saengjingamrotang concentration and the medication group of Saengjingamrotang plus Radix Trichosanthis concentration have notable decrease, as compared to control group. 5. The change of the content on serum triglyceride, the medication group of Saengjingamrotang concentration and the medication group of Saengjingamrotang plus Radix Trichosanthis Concentration have notable decrease, as compared to control group. 6. The change of urine volume, the medication group of Saengjingamrotang plus Radix Trichosanthis concentration has the notable decrease, the medication group of Saengjingamrotang concentration has no notable change, as compared to control group. 7. The change of the content on urine glucose, the medication group of Saengjingamrotang concentration and the medication group of Saengjingamrotang plus Radix Trichosanthis concentration have notable decrease, as compared to control group. 8. The Change of the content of serum protein, the medication group of Saengjingamrotang concentration and the medication group of Saengjingamrotang plus Radix Trichosanthis concentration have notable decrease, s compared to control group. 9. The change of body weight, serum insulin and urine volume, the medication group of saenfjingamrotang plus Radix Trichosanthis concentration has more notable change than the medication group of Saengjingamrotang concentration, as compared to control group. According to above mentioned results, Saengjingamrotang and Saenfjingamrotang plus Radix Trichosanthis have the effect of decreased blood sugar, serum lipid levels and urine volume, protein, glucose in streptozotocin induced hyperglycemic rats, and so they were expected to be appled to the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was centered on investigation of the effects N, P and K application rates on root yield and their available content (catalpol, sugar, ash and extracts) of Ji-whang(Rehmannia glutinosa Lib. var. purpurea Makino), and the current application rates(N 20kg/10a, $P_2O_5\;30kg/10a$, $K_2O\;20kg/10a$) was studied for Ji-whang production in Eui-sung Gun southeastern part of Korea Peninsular. The yields of fresh and dried rhizomas were 941-1,494 kg/10a and 251-385 kg/10a, respectively. The rhizoma yield increased highly with increasing the application amount of nitrogen more than 10 kg/10a, but the effects of phosphorus and potassium were observed only at the application level of 40 kg/10a and 20 kg/10a, respectively. Catalpol contents in rhizoma increased at the plot of 20 kg/10a application of nitrogen, but the effects phosphorus and potassium on the catalpol contents were not observed. Catalpol content in dried root increased with increasing N application more than 10 kg/10a. Fructose contents increased at the plot of 20 kg/10a and more N application, and galactose contents decreased with K application. With increasing N application, ash contents decreased, but ethanol extract contents increased.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.95-103
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• 2011

We have investigated pretreatment of waste wood using milling refinery combined with poping method, which can save energy for pretreatment and enzyme loading for enzymatic hydrolysis. The chemical analysis of holocellulose of non and popping treated waste wood showed 65.9% and 58.8%, and the lignin, organic extracts and ash were increased by 3%, 4% and 0.7% after pretreatment, respectively. The reducing sugar yields of pretreated waste wood were increased four times more than non-pretreated one and the synergistic effect of cellulase and xylanase were evaluated compare with individual enzyme treatment. Especially, enzyme cocktail (cellulase 50 U and xylanase 50 U) treatment was very efficient in 1% substrate (50 mg). Also, glucose and xylose conversion rate of pretreated waste wood by GC analysis were 45.9% and 38.7%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.826-837
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• 2015

In this study, we produced bioethanol from the original hydrolysate obtained during oxalic acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. The bioethanol was separated and concentrated by pervaporation and the residue after pervaporation was evaluated for its antioxidant activity. Xylose ($37.28g/{\ell}$) was the major product in the original hydrolysate. The original hydrolysate contained acetic acid, furfural and total phenolic compounds (TPC) as fermentation inhibitors. Acetic acid was removed by electrodialysis (ED), and $12.21g/{\ell}$ of bioethanol was produced from ED-treated hydrolysate. The TPC of ethyl acetate extracts from the residue obtained (OA-E) during pervaporation was 86.81 mg/100 g (extract). The $IC_{50}$ values of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, and reducing power of OA-E were $0.87mg/m{\ell}$, $0.85mg/m{\ell}$, and $0.59mg/m{\ell}$, respectively. Sugar degradation products and the phenolic compounds in OA-E were determined by GC-MS.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.444-453
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• 2014

In this paper, we made sausages which included 1% black garlic extracts at $15^{\circ}Bx$ mixed with 0.3% dried powders of Curcuma longa L. (ST1), Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten (ST2), Asparagus ocinals L. (ST3) and Aloe vera (ST4), respectively, and evaluated the quality of the sausage by instrumental analysis and sensory evaluation. The sausages were stored at $8^{\circ}C$ for 4 weeks. In terms of color intensity, ST2 provided the highest lightness (L) and redness (a), while the yellowness (b) was the highest in ST3. In the initial duration, the control group of sausage showed the highest texture measurement. ST4 had the lowest pH level (highest acidity). These outcomes decreased as the storage time became longer. In the initial storage duration, the ST4 had the highest total sugar content ($17.64{\pm}0.92mg/100g$), and this increased with longer storage duration. Since the contents of TBARS for the proposed sausages had been incremented, the initial contents were generally lower than those of the control sausages. The ABTS radical scavenging activity was performed as $89.11{\pm}0.66{\sim}99.22{\pm}0.09%$ at the $1000{\mu}g/mL$ level during the initial day of storage. To conclude, the sausages supplemented the black garlic with the proposed dried powders have a high chance of being a suitable commercial product for both customs and marketing eld.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.283-288
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• 2006

Discrimination of 5 rice cultivars (Sangjubyeo , Dongjinbyeo Simbaekbyeo , Hwamanbyeo , and Simbaek-hetero ) using metabolic profiling was carried out. Whole cell extracts from each cultivar were subjected to $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy. When spectral data were analyzed by principal component analysis, 5 cultivars were clustered into 3 groups: SJ, DJ + SB, and HM + SH. Thecultivars showed great difference in carbohydrate region of $^1H$ NMR spectra, suggesting that qualitative and quantitative differences in carbohydrate compounds play a major role in discrimination of the cultivars. In addition, it was readily possible to determine relative quantification of major carbohydrates including sucrose, glucose, maltose from spectral data of the cultivars. SJ showed 2 to 4 times higher content of maltose than the other rice cultivars. Overall results indicate that metabolic discrimination of rice cultivars using $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy combined by multivariate statistical analysis can be used for rapid discrimination of numerous rice cultivars and simple quantitative analysis system of major carbohydrate compounds in rice grains.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.353-358
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• 1983

This study indicated that mackerel flesh can be prepared as an intermediate moisture deep-fried product. The fillet were cut into $2{\times}2{\times}1.5cm$ (about 4g each): then submerged in an infusion solution (lg flesh: 1ml solution) containing 45.9% of water, 6% of sodium chloride, 40% of sorbitol, 2.4% of propylene glycol, 0.7% of potassium sorbate, 3% of sugar, 2% of monosodium glutamate, and $0.6m{\ell}$ of alcoholic extracts from red pepper, and heated for 10 min at $105^{\circ}C$. The infused flesh was drained for 15 min and then coated with batter and crumb. The pieces were deep fried in soybean oil for 3 min at $170^{\circ}C$ and cooled on absorbent paper. The initial water activity of the product was 0.86. Judging from the results of experimental data such as peroxide value, TBA value, viable cell count and sensory evaluation, the quality of products were stable for 50 days at room temperature ($25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.173-178
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• 2012

The water extract of the fermented $Rhus$ $verniciflua$ stem bark (FRVSB) was prepared by hot water extracting at $100^{\circ}C$ for 8 h. The urushiol content of the FRVSB water extract was determined by HPLC. The urushiol was not contained in FRVSB water extract, whereas $Rhus$ $verniciflua$ stem bark (RVSB) water extract contained 3.4 mg%. At the lab scale size, suitable water extraction condition for a total solid, polyphenol and flavonoid from FRVSB was at over $100^{\circ}C$ for 6-8 h. The total solid contents was reduced in pilot scale processing system, with 5.7% of the extraction yield. The proximate composition (%) of FRVSB water extract obtained from industrial installation was moisture 4.34, crude fat 1.69, crude protein 10.21, and crude ash 15.80. Gallic acid (1,090.5 mg%) was the most abundant compound in phenolic acids, while fisetin (135.7 mg%) was the predominant flavonoid. The free sugar content was mannitol of 3.48%, glycerol of 0.19%, and glucose of 0.19%. Alanine (244 ppm), serine (231 ppm), and leucine (218 ppm) were predominant amino acids.