• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.41-48
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• 2010

In this paper, we proposed "Future Design and Success Engineering in Global Society by Self-Innovation" (an abbreviated name: FDSE). We started to make a small experiment between Korea Maritime University and Yamagata University at the current year. After inspecting the results, especially, successful and unsuccessful points in our lecture, we have to develop the strong points and amend the week points, through making the analysis of success-failure, which is his favorite management method. We have to level up the contents of our work in the future. The students for this lecture would learn from experiences of "the common knowledge (common field of discussion)", held common languages, common thought, common system. They filled up the blanks of "The Matrix Frame" which is mentioned in the previous report, and they expressed their own way of life (work, study). As a matter of course, their personal private affairs must not be made public. It is quite happy that the cultural, economical exchanges between Korea and Japan are now in full flourish and people do a lot of traveling each other. However, if this project will start on the educational global standard, we have a world-wide significance. Moreover, we can promote goodwill between Korea and Japan, and also we can contribute to a better international understanding and the peace of the world by students in both Universities. We hope that candidates for this lecture will have a rounded personality and be a life worthy of human being for realizing Self-Actualization in "Motivation and Personality" by Abraham Maslow.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.283-288
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the transverse cervical artery of those who received preoperative radiotherapy or radical neck dissection and those who are unable to utilize the branch of external carotid artery system, which are most commonly used as recipient artery in head and neck reconstruction. Methods: 10 patients were selected as head and neck cancer candidates for study. 8 patients received radical neck dissection or modified radical neck dissection and 3 patients underwent preoperative radiotheraphy. In call cases, reconstruction using free flap was performed with transverse cervical artery as recipient artery and posterolateral cervical vein or transverse cervical vein as recipient vein. Results: Partial necrosis of flap due to wound infection was noted in one case and successful microsurgery was achieved in all other cases. The average pedicle length was 9.3 cm and all arteries underwent end to-end anastomosis. In 7 patients, posterolateral cervical vein was used as recipient artery and transverse cervical vein was utilized in 3 patients. Conclusion: In cases where recipient artery from external carotid system cannot be utilized due to preoperative radiotherapy or radical neck dissection, the transverse cervical artery can be an alternative option of choice. Due to diverse variations of transverse cervical vein as a recipient vein, the posterolateral cervical vein may be considered in such cases.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2003

The purposes of this study which was conducted by applying three projection formulae to the data from admission quota for paramedic of the Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development the number of ambulances the number of emergency medical centers of the Ministry of Health & Welfare and rate of successful candidates of annual report of the National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board were to find out demand and supply of paramedic from 2002 to 2045 and to expand scope of practice of paramedic in Korea. The conclusions from this study were summarized as follows; (1) The simple formulae derived from the projection formula of the Economic Planning Board were applied under the present Emergency Medical Services Act including qualifying over 3-years experienced EMT-Basic for paramedic examinee, stationing paramedic or EMT-Basic or physician or nurse per ambulance, stationing paramedic or EMT-Basic per emergency medical center and under the amended Emergency Medical Services Act including qualifying only paramedic graduate for paramedic examinee, stationing 4.5 paramedics per ambulance, stationing 10 to 2 paramedics per emergency medical center. (2) It was estimated that on the American basis of 5.6 EMTs per 10,000 in 1996, the number of paramedics under the present act will reach the basis before 2020, the number of paramedics under the amended act will reach the basis about 2040. (3) It was estimated that on the basis of 22,000 paramedics demanded from the number of ambulances, the number of emergency medical centers in 2001, the number of paramedics under the present act will reach the basis before 2015, the number of paramedics under the amended act will reach the basis about 2030. (4) There was relationship between requirements for emergency medical centers scope of practice of paramedic in the act and demand-supply of paramedic, this necessitates surveys, studies, amendment of the act, legalization for expanded scope of practice of paramedic including EMD, instructor, teacher of safety. (5) This study which includes only expanded scope of practice of paramedic and projection for paramedic in the act needs complementary studies such as decision-making process in health manpower policy and so on.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.69-73
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• 2018

Oak mushroom (Lentinus edodes) is cultivated by using oak logs and sawdust medium. Green mold (Trichoderma) infection on these media severely suppresses the growth of oak mushroom. Usages of antibiotics and chemicals are not generally allowed to control of green mold since the mushroom is a fresh food. Tolaasin and its analogues, peptide toxins secreted by Pseudomonas tolaasii, have the antifungal activity and they have been successful to control the green mold disease. When the green mold, Trichoderma harzianum H1, was cultured in the presence of these toxins, the growth of fungus was effectively suppressed. In sawdust media, when the bacterial culture supernatants were sprayed on the aerial hyphae of green molds, the fungal growth was completely suppressed. Particularly, the antifungal activity was greatly increased by the combined culture extracts of P. tolaasii 6264 and HK11 strains. Therefore, these bacterial strains and their peptide toxins were able to suppress the growth of green molds and these can be good candidates to prevent from Trichoderma disease in oak mushroom cultivation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.1216-1225
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• 2014

Biofilm-related infections of Candida albicans are a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, especially those with immunocompromised status. Options of the antifungal drugs available for successful treatment of drug-resistant biofilms are very few, and as such, new strategies need to be explored against them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of phenylpropanoids of plant origin against planktonic cells, important virulence factors, and biofilm forms of C. albicans. Standard susceptibility testing protocol was used to evaluate the activities of 13 phenylpropanoids against planktonic growth. Their effects on adhesion and yeast-to-hyphae morphogenesis were studied in microplate-based methodologies. An in vitro biofilm model analyzed the phenylpropanoid-mediated prevention of biofilm development and mature biofilms using XTT-metabolic assay, crystal violet assay, and light microscopy. Six molecules exhibited fungistatic activity at ${\leq}0.5mg/ml$, of which four were fungicidal at low concentrations. Seven phenylpropanoids inhibited yeast-to-hyphae transition at low concentrations (0.031-0.5 mg/ml), whereas adhesion to the solid substrate was prevented in the range of 0.5-2 mg/ml. Treatment with ${\leq}0.5mg/ml$ concentrations of at least six small molecules resulted in significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of biofilm formation by C. albicans. Mature biofilms that are highly resistant to antifungal drugs were susceptible to low concentrations of 4 of the 13 molecules. This study revealed phenylpropanoids of plant origin as promising candidates to devise preventive strategies against drug-resistant biofilms of C. albicans.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.399-415
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• 2012

Gimyo sama tongnyung kyechub(己卯司馬同年契帖) was made in 1639 to commemorate the meeting for successful candidates who had passed Samasi(司馬試). This study analyzes the physical characteristics of Gimyo sama tongnyung kyechub(己卯司馬同年契帖), which includes kyehoe-do(契會圖), list of identification(座目), preface(序文), poem of meeting(契會詩) and try to find out who is in the illustration, what happened in the meeting, and why they made this book comprehensively. According to the research, this book has different physical characteristics from others made earlier. It is revealed that the three men - Choi Sang Ho(崔尙虎), Kim Jeong Hwa(金鼎華), Hong Jong Woon(洪鐘韻) - out of four who passed the exam in 1639 held a meeting at the Mount. Wolchul in YoungAm in the fall of 1656. After that, they ordered the painter who belonged to Jeonla government in Gangjin, Jeonla province to make four copies of this book for the purpose to continue their relationship cross the generations.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.465-472
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• 2003

Pd/Ge/Ti/Pt and Pd/Ge/Pd/Ti/Au ohmic contacts to n-type InGaAs were investigated for applications to AlGaAs/GaAs HBT emitter ohmic contacts. In the Pd/Ge/Ti/Pt ohmic contact minimum specific contact resistivity of $3.7${\times}$10^{-6}$ $\Omega$$\textrm{cm}^2$ was achieved by rapid thermal annealing at $^400{\circ}C$/10 sec. In the Pd/Ge/Ti/Au ohmic contact, minimum specific contact resistivity of $1.1${\times}$10^{-6}$ $\Omega$$\textrm{cm}^2$ was achieved by annealing at 40$0^{\circ}C$/10 sec but the ohmic performance was degraded with increasing annealing temperature due to the reaction between the ohmic contact materials and the InGaAs substrate. However, non-spiking planar interface and relatively good ohmic contact (high-$10^{-6}$ /$\Omega$$\textrm{cm}^2$) were maintained after annealing at $450^{\circ}C$/10 sec. Therefore, these thermally stable ohmic contact systems are promising candidates for compound semiconductor devices. RF performance of the AlGaAs/GaAs HBT was also examined by employing the Pd/Ge/Ti/Pt and Pd/Ge/Pd/Ti/Au systems as emitter ohmic contacts. Cutoff frequencies were 63.5 ㎓ and 65.0 ㎓, respectively, and maximum oscillation frequencies were 50.5 ㎓ and 51.3 ㎓, respectively, indicating very successful high frequency operations.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.159-175
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• 1999

For the past decade, although there have been many studies which examined factors influencing the extent of EDI systems implementation, it is very hard to find out studies which directly investigated what the effectiveness of EDI systems are, and which factors contribute to the successful implementation of EDI systems. In this regard, this research aims to explore for the factors which constitute the effectiveness of EDI systems as perceived, based on a survey from 202 companies. The major steps of the current research are as follows. First, in order to identify important factors constituting the effectiveness of EDI systems, previous research related to the effectiveness of EDI systems was reviewed and analyzed. Second, individual items which can be considered as candidates to represent the effectiveness of EDI systems were derived from this previous research review, and a survey questionnaire was developed using those derived items. Based on the developed survey questionnaire, a pretest was administered at several domestic business firms with experiences of EDI systems. Third, survey questionnaires were distributed to and collected from the 202 companies which experienced EDI implementation. Accordingly, this research derived out five factors constituting the effectiveness of EDI systems from the result of a multivariate data analysis: strategic advantage, time reduction in business process, accuracy improvement, cost reduction, and improvement of business process quality. It was also interesting to find that the factors of EDI effectiveness are divided into three levels, similarly to three levels of the Anthony's hierarchical model of organization(Anthony, 1965): strategic, managerial, and operational levels. Furthermore, from the levels of derived factors, we developed a conceptual model which explains the possible causal relations of those factors in a hierarchical manner.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.42 no.9
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• pp.795-801
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• 2014

STEP Cube Lab. classified as a pico-satellite has been being developed by SSTL(Space Technology Synthesis Laboratory) in Chosun University. Its main mission objective is to perform the on-orbit verification of core space technologies, which will be the potential candidates for future space missions. In this paper, to guarantee successful mission operation of the cube satellite under extremely severe space thermal environment condition, the system level thermal design and analysis has been performed. The effectiveness of the design has been verified through on-orbit thermal analysis of cube satellite.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.387-387
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• 2013

Currently, the flash memory and the dynamic random access memory (DRAM) have been used in a variety of applications. However, the downsizing of devices and the increasing density of recording medias are now in progress. So there are many demands for development of new semiconductor memory for next generation. Magnetic random access memory (MRAM) is one of the prospective semiconductor memories with excellent features including non-volatility, fast access time, unlimited read/write endurance, low operating voltage, and high storage density. MRAM is composed of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) stack and complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS). The MTJ stack consists of various magnetic materials, metals, and a tunneling barrier layer. Recently, MgO thin films have attracted a great attention as the prominent candidates for a tunneling barrier layer in the MTJ stack instead of the conventional Al2O3 films, because it has low Gibbs energy, low dielectric constant and high tunneling magnetoresistance value. For the successful etching of high density MRAM, the etching characteristics of MgO thin films as a tunneling barrier layer should be developed. In this study, the etch characteristics of MgO thin films have been investigated in various gas mixes using an inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICPRIE). The Cl2/Ar, CH3OH/Ar, and CH4/Ar gas mix were employed to find an optimized etching gas for MgO thin film etching. TiN thin films were employed as a hard mask to increase the etch selectivity. The etch rates were obtained using surface profilometer and etch profiles were observed by using the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM).