• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2004

현재의 반도체 공정은 Deep Sub- Micmn (DSM)으로 발전하면서, 선폭이 줄어들고 구동 주파수가 높아지고 있다. 이로 인해 clock source로부터 clock을 필요로 하는 각 단자(sink)까지의 '지연시간의 최대 차'로 정의되어지는 clock skew가 회로의 속도 향상에 있어 중요 제약요소가 되고 있다. 또한 이를 얼마나 줄이느냐 하는 것은 동기식 회로 설계에 있어 중요한 문제가 되고 있다. 따라서 낮은 clock skew를 위한 배선 기술에 대해 많은 연구들이 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 clock skew를 줄이기 위한 방법으로서 새로운 Advanced clock Tree Generation(ACTG) 방법을 개발하였다. ACTG는 2단계의 계층적 routing을 통해 최적의 clock tree를 구성한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 알고리즘을 C 언어로 프로그램하여 구현하 후 벤치마크 테스트 데이터에 대하여 실험한 결과, 주어진 skew 범위를 만족시키면서 지연 시간을 감소시키는 효과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.1253-1270
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• 2015

Let (R, m) be a commutative Noetherian local domain, M a non-zero finitely generated R-module of dimension n > 0 and I be an ideal of R. In this paper it is shown that if $x_1,{\ldots },x_t$ ($1{\leq}t{\leq}n$) be a sub-set of a system of parameters for M, then the R-module $H^t_{(x_1,{\ldots },x_t)}$(R) is faithful, i.e., Ann $H^t_{(x_1,{\ldots },x_t)}$(R) = 0. Also, it is shown that, if $H^i_I$ (R) = 0 for all i > dim R - dim R/I, then the R-module $H^{dimR-dimR/I}_I(R)$ is faithful. These results provide some partially affirmative answers to the Lynch's conjecture in [10]. Moreover, for an ideal I of an arbitrary Noetherian ring R, we calculate the annihilator of the top local cohomology module $H^1_I(M)$, when $H^i_I(M)=0$ for all integers i > 1. Also, for such ideals we show that the finitely generated R-algebra $D_I(R)$ is a flat R-algebra.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.219-242
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• 2018

In this study, static bending of an edge cracked cantilever nanobeam composed of functionally graded material (FGM) subjected to transversal point load at the free end of the beam is investigated based on modified couple stress theory. Material properties of the beam change in the height direction according to exponential distributions. The cracked nanobeam is modelled using a proper modification of the classical cracked-beam theory consisting of two sub-nanobeams connected through a massless elastic rotational spring. The inclusion of an additional material parameter enables the new beam model to capture the size effect. The new non-classical beam model reduces to the classical beam model when the length scale parameter is set to zero. The considered problem is investigated within the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory by using finite element method. In order to establish the accuracy of the present formulation and results, the deflections are obtained, and compared with the published results available in the literature. Good agreement is observed. In the numerical study, the static deflections of the edge cracked FGM nanobeams are calculated and discussed for different crack positions, different lengths of the beam, different length scale parameter, different crack depths, and different material distributions. Also, the difference between the classical beam theory and modified couple stress theory is investigated for static bending of edge cracked FGM nanobeams. It is believed that the tabulated results will be a reference with which other researchers can compare their results.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2004

Magneto-Impedance(MI) sensor is a highly sensitive sensor, which was able to detect a weak geomagnetic field. It also has a merit to be able to build in the low power system. In this study, their magnetic permeability and anisotropy field(H$\sub$k/) as a function of some different thickness of sputtered amorphous CoZrNb films with zero-magnetostriction and soft magnetic property are investigated. In order to make a uniaxial anisotropy, film was subjected to the post annealing in a static magnetic field with 1KOe intensity at 250, 300, and 320$^{\circ}C$ respectively for 2 hours. Magnetic properties of films are measured by using a M-H loop tracer. Magnetic permeability of a film is measured over the frequency range from 1 ㎒ to 750㎒. By thickening a CoZrNb film relatively, magnetic permeability and impedance are examine to design the. MI sensor which drives at 50㎒, and thereof fabricated the MI sensor which drives at the 50㎒.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2006

With the original Transmission Control Protocol(TCP) design, which is particularly targeted at the wired networks, a packet loss is assumed to be caused by the network congestion. In the wireless environment where the chances to lose packets due to transmission bit errors are not negligible, though, this assumption may result in unnecessary TCP performance degradation. In these days, many papers describe about wireless-TCP which has suggested how to avoid congestion control when packet loss over the wireless network. In this paper, an enhancement scheme is proposed by modifying SNOOP scheme. To enhance the original SNOOP scheme, CPC(Consecutive Packet Control) and ZWSC(Zero Window Size Control) are added. The invocation of congestion control mechanism is now minimized by knowing the cause of packet loss. We use simulation to compare the overhead and the performance of the proposed schemes, and to show that the proposed schemes improve the TCP performance compares to SNOOP by knowing the cause of packet loss at the base station.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
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• pp.617-620
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• 2008

최근 대규모 건축물의 등장으로 말미암아 연중 시공이 이루어지고 있으며, 한중 콘크리트 시공시동결에 의한 콘크리트 품질저하의 문제점이 부각되어지고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 한중콘크리트의 품질 확보 방안중의 하나로서 포름산-아세테이트산염을 주성분으로 한 무염화형 방동제를 적용한 콘크리트의 품질 및 특성에 대하여 성능 검토를 실시하였다. 포름산-아세테이트산염계 방동제의 적용시험을 수행한 결과, 영하권 외기 양생 조건에서 경화콘크리트 특성은 방동제를 첨가하지 않는 시료에 비하여 모든 재령에서 우수한 강도 발현 특성을 나타내고 있었으며, 장기재령에서도 강도 저하 현상이 발생하지 않았다. 또한 굳지않은 콘크리트의 유동특성 및 경화 콘크리트의 특성을 고려한 결과 결합재의 3.0%내외의 방동제 적용량이 가장 우수한 결과를 나타내었다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.772-777
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• 2006

Three-dimensional numerical study is performed for the flow analysis around the rolling stock with square cross section (Mugungwha train model). The height (H) of rolling stock is considered as the characteristic length and the total length of rolling stock is 40 which correspond to 1/2 unit of rolling stock. The gap between the surface and rolling stock is 0.17H which is average value. The relative velocity between the surface and rolling stock is assumed to be zero and Re=10,000 based on the characteristic length. Low Re ${\kappa}-{\epsilon}$[15] is employed for the calculation of turbulence which resolve all the way to the solid surface (laminar sub-layer). Large flow separation occurred at the front head of train and a pair of vortex is generated on both top and side of rolling stock. The behavior of vortices on the top of the rolling stock is believed to affect the performance of the pantograph which should be intensively investigated. The difference between the high pressure in the front stagnation region of train and the low pressure in the rear separated region causes a large pressure drag. A large pair or vortex are generated in the rear of train and the size of vortex is increased more than the size of cross section of train.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.462-469
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• 2016

This paper presents the results of thermodynamic cycle analysis and performance tests of alternative mixtures in low temperature applications. Two near-azeotropic binary mixtures R-152a/R-1270 (35:65 by wt.%) and R-290/E170 (35:65 by wt.%) are considered in this study. They have zero ODP (Ozone Depletion Potential) and much lower GWP (Global Warming Potential) than R-404A which is an alternative of R-502. Refrigeration cycle characteristics such as cooling capacity, coefficient of performance, suction and discharge pressures and temperatures are compared to those for the baseline refrigerants (R-502 and R-404A) cycles. The performance tests are conducted at the evaporation and condensation temperatures of $5^{\circ}C$ and $45^{\circ}C$, subcooling and superheating temperatures of $5^{\circ}C$, respectively. Performance comparisons between baseline and alternative refrigerants are conducted on the same cooling capacity. The system performance of newly proposed refrigerant mixtures show promising results.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2012

Gambierdiscus toxicus, Adachi et. Fukuyo, is a benthic ciguatoxin-producing armored dinoflagellate, often attached to macroalgae. This organism is the primary causative agent of ciguatera fish poisoning which occurs in tropical and subtropical regions. However, regardless of the fact that the population of Gambierdiscus spp. has expanded to such temperate areas from sub-trophic and trophic areas, monitoring of G. toxicus has been lacking in the Korean coastal waters of temperate areas. This study was performed at the uninhabited Baekdo Islands off the southern coast of Korea and at Seopsom Island in the vicinity of Seogwipo, Jeju Province during April and May, 2011. Cell densities of Gambierdiscus spp. on macroalgae at Baekdo and Jeju Island ranged from zero to 56.4 cells $g^{-1}$. Maximum density was recorded on the brown alga Cladophora japonica at St. 3 of Jeju Island. In particular, the cell densities of Gambierdiscus spp. were influenced by the substrate characteristics of macroalgae. In the future, the continuous monitoring of toxic benthic dinoflagellate is necessary to predict and prevent ciguatera poisoning in Korean coastal waters.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.11-12
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• 2017

This study aims to analyze the properties of the temperature change in vertical reinforcements in outdoor wall structures in winter in relation to the different methods of bubble sheet installation, and to subsequently determine the possibility of initial frost damage to the concrete as a result of low temperature. As for the experimental variables, double bubble sheets were used as curing materials, and the curing method was to model the part where the slab and the wall intersect and the rebar is exposed, and to measure the change of temperature around the exposed rebar in accordance with the change of the coating curing. It was found that by employing curing method B, which is to install the bubble sheet between the vertical reinforcements, the most vulnerable area, which is 50mm below(④) the surface of the concrete, would be lowered to sub-zero temperature 20 hours later than when using curing method A, and that therefore it is more effective to install the bubble sheet between the vertical reinforcements for the prevention of initial frost damage.