• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.670-686
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• 2010

This study aims at clarifying the action types of skin management which is base on age, marriage or not, family composition, school career, and income which are demographic variables centering around the lifestyle of middleaged and old age women. As for study method, this researcher executed literature study and questionnaire on adult women over 45 years old who dwell in Seoul and Kyounggi area. Survey period was Mar. 1, 2009 to Jun. 30. And, after distributing 1,000 copies of questionnaire, this researcher used effective 869 copies of questionnaire for analysis out of collected questionnaire, 895 copies. As for analysis method, this researcher executed DUNCAN test with factor analysis, reliability analysis, manin component analysis, K-average, multitude analysis, dispersion analysis and post verification by using SPSS 12.0 program. As for demographic feature for middle aged and old age women, 50~59 years old women were most by age as 302 persons(33.7%). It is emerging that spouse existence is very high as 674 persons(75.3%) in the answer for marriage or not, couple family to live with unmarried children is very high as 483 persons(54.0%) in the answer for family composition, leaving high school in mid-course or gradation of high school are very high as 356 persons(39.8%) in the answer for school career, income from 3 million Won under 4 million won is very high as 260 persons(29.1%) in the answer for monthly income of family members, and women to use under 50 thousand won is very high as 510 persons(57.0%) in the monthly average expense to be used for skin management. In this study, this researcher extracted total 5 factors (economic saving, displaying consumption, confidence inclination, centering around family, and leisure application) by executing factor analysis with 12 question items of lifestyle so as to grasp factor structure of lifestyle of middleaged and old age people, and whole explanatory variable quantity was 70.9%. This researcher named as economic saving type, diplaying consumption style, and type centering around leisure and family, after making multitude analysis about 5 factors analyzed by measuring lifestyle feature. As the result of structure analysis of question items of skin management(pursuit of skin management, life of skin management, and inclination of skin management), this researcher extracted total 3 factors, and whole explanatory variable quantity was 71.30%. Thus, it emerged that there is significant difference among groups.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.497-510
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• 2004

This study searched for comparison with geography of Qing China, origin of geographical name, people's feature and costume, description on regional geography, and perception on locality on view of a geographer, Ji-Won Park, a renowned Korean scholar of practical learning on the late 18th century. This study on the first three chapters of his Yorha Ilgi - "Crossing the Amnok(Yalu) River("渡河錄")," "Several Records on Senyang("監京雜識")," and "Writing Essays, Riding Horses("馹迅隨筆")," focusing on landscape of Qing China, inquiry on geographical name, feature and costume, and descriptions on locality, gives a glimpse on Park's geographical view on geography of Qing China. His writing style to compare landscapes between Korea and Qing China, full of his love for Korean landscape, is very delicate and clear, Although he sentimentalized when he passed through Bonghwang-castle(鳳凰城) in China, his subtle and beautiful writing explains that land and mountains in Han-yang(Seoul) are much more wonderful than those in China. His vivid depiction of landscape and weather on his way in Qing China is remarkable and explanation on geographical names like Parhae(渤海), Yoha(遼河), Taejaha(太子河), Senyang(瀋陽) etc. is enough to stimulate readers' curiosity on geography.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.63-69
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• 2014

Visible light communication is a communication method using an LED's blinking(ON/OFF), it has a feature of light because of the limit of perception by the human's optic nerve. LED' dimming control used in the VLC system is important factor needed to provide energy saving and life benefits. With advances in VLC system, MIMO technology has received much attention in that it can be obtain channel capacity proportionate to the number of antenna. Therefore, in this paper, with RC method which is one of the MIMO style in VLC system, it is compared communication performance using RZ-OOK, VPPM, MPPM and OPPM. As a result of the simulation was run against this, MPPM works well in terms of Power requirement and OPPM works well in terms of Spectral efficiency and Bandwidth requirement, also it was confirmed that there is a significant impact on the communication performance of each modulation scheme according to the dimming.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.1 s.100
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• pp.81-96
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• 2006

Fashion is very superficial. However, it is expressed through the culture that is a cause of internal change and therefore its contents are defined by the cultural features. In this study, to study the aesthetic properties of the French fashion, the internal fashion contents are defined according to the cultural characteristics of France and based on the definition, the external features are investigated. The cultural characteristic was analyzed based on the reference literatures on the French culture. Based on the cultural characteristics of France, the aesthetical properties of the contemporary French fashion can be analyzed as follows: ${\cdot}$Dualism is the internal contents of the French culture with multiple sources, and it implies that opposing values such as female and male, traditionalism and modernism, simplicity and decoration are coexisting. Simplicity is pursued but decorative elements are in harmony and new phase of time is reflected while certain style has lasted for a long period of time to become a tradition. Furthermore, a rational trend combining masculinity and femininity, simultaneously exist with a trend that emphasizes feminine image. ${\cdot}$Multiculturism is a mysterious feature that has adapted the oriental or other cultural factors into the forms, patterns, colors and material of costumes. It has also been reconstructed with the French and the modern tastes. ${\cdot}$Avant-gardism is pursuing a novel aesthetic value against the former value system. It recognizes the human body as an object of figurative arts therefore emphasizes the body with geometric shapes to deny the fixed-idea, or engraft new materials and technologies to express the futuristic aspects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.61-77
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate difference and likeness on the form in women's Hanbok between the later Chosun Dynasty and modern times based on Belong's observing system for 'Apparel-Body Construct'. Belong's framework is composed 5 pairs of contrast word -'Closed or Open', 'Whole or Par', 'Planar Separation or Planar integration'. 'Flat or Rounded', and 'Determinate or Indeterminate'. Major findings of this study are as follows. First, the form of women's Hanbok in later Chosun Dynasty is 'Variably Closed', 'Part' and 'Rounded', whereas that in modern is 'Open', 'Whole' and 'Flat' Women's Hanbok of modern is lesser convex, and more open than that of later Chosun Dynasty according to increasing use of transparent textiles. Moreover, in comparison with old style, that of modern has the tendency of perceiving primarily whole feature by organic linkage of parts. Because of loose fit of Jeogori and rigid DongJong etc, characteristic of 'Plat' strengthened in modern Hanbok. Secondly, women's Hanbok in the later Chosun Dynasty and modern has common properties of 'Planar Seperation' and 'Determinate'. Women's Hanbok belongs to 'Planar Seperation', because the effect cognized to figure and ground. can be found between small parts and whole of Jegori, or can be found between the head and face. Jeuori and waist band, and Chima and under ware. Further more. it can be classified into 'Determinate'. because it use textiles which have no pattern un it or which show a subtle surface effect by texture changing.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.92-102
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to study the types of name spectrum and their characteristics of domestic men's wear brands focusing on formal and casual wear and also examine the differences based on the type of brands' product and brand style. Total 184 of men's wear brands, which were consisted of 66 formal wear brands and 84 casual wear brands, were selected from '2009 Korea Fashion Yearbook'. For data analysis, quantitatively evaluated the frequency and qualitatively evaluated the image of brand product and the meaning of brand name. The result as follows; 1. The domestic fashion brands for men's wear appeared to have four types of name spectrum. The descriptive name was the most frequently showed, and followed by arbitrary, suggestive, and coined name. For formal wear brands, four types of name spectrum were appeared in the order of descriptive, suggestive, coined, and arbitrary name. In casual wear brands, three types of name spectrum were appeared in the order of descriptive, arbitrary, and suggestive name. 2. The characteristics of men's brand name according to their name spectrum was as follows.; In the descriptive brand names, person's name was used the most and some ascribed the characteristics, feature or geographic location of the product. The suggestive brand names contained images and symbols of the product and also implied the relevant benefit information in a particular product context. In the arbitrary brand name, they imply the various meanings according to the product and are made up of either coined or natural. For the coined name, some bear the ideology or symbolized the characteristics of product itself. 3. The descriptive name spectrum showed the most in domestic menswear brands, regardless of the brand type. Except this, there were differences in the type and the frequency of name spectrum depending on the brand type.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.35
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• pp.195-210
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• 1997

Movie clothing is what is recreated as a character in work after being worn for actors (or actresses). And it is not added for heightening only fantasy but it acts for heightening only fantasy but it acts for reinforcing the side of character or subject. Especially the clothing in color movie gets to have very psychological effect. Thus Accord-ing to the clothing the effect of the represen-tation style may become large and small. So as to make the gesture or attitude of each character valuable in accordance with the ac-tion and expression of the figure clothing is different from other device essentially One may attain various goals through the color of movie clothing, First movie clothing may show the vogue color of the time and the representative time color, Second the color of movie clothing helps one to able to recognize the socio-econmic position of character easily as the color to symbolize the specific jobs such as nurse soldier and doctor etc. Third the color of movie clothing may show the charcter temperament as to whether one is young or old and whether one has pessi-mistic temperament or one is extrovert or introversive etc. easily. Fourth setting the clothing color of hero as the color to set off helps it easy to distinguish from representation staffs. Fifty the whole color establishment of movie clothing gives help to expressing the at-mosphere of movie. Color is one of the most powerful means that the person in charge of clothing may express the character of movie. He should ex-press the feature of a wearer with the colors of each clothing through showing the lack of taste of characters or hinting the resistant character with the clothing color which is not suitable for situation or the conservative character with suppressed color etc. Thus he (or she) should express the clothing color which is suitable for being able to express each character by analyzing the work whole through script and grasping the character of each character so as to establish the clothing which is suitable for individual character.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20
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• pp.135-144
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• 1997

Italian industrial design influences strong impression worldwidely by their identity of free style, unique and artistic character, and get a very important status in aspect of the history of design and economy. Also, italy has many common feature with Korea in the geographic back- ground, character of history, culture, and nationality that is well-oriented by emotion, and it seems to be formed a valuable study. This study is based on the book 'Italian Design Through Generations' by kazuko Sato and tried to examine the character of Italian design by searching history, exam- ples, representative designers and enterprises of Italy, and to draw some lesson from it for establishiment identity of Korean design by reflecting to the origin character of Korea. Also, this study aims to inspect change of the civilization paradigm which is entering new aspect, and to suggest an ablity of our origin character and direction of the development.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2012

Interior design generally falls behind to architecture in its concept of conservational value as interior designs are more to the simple style or trend. Therefore, This study aims how the society and the major events in the 1960's and individual and group desires are portrayed in movies through the eyes of movie directors, and further how the concept of spaces and the features of the spaces are displayed. First, This paper analyzes the movies in the 1960's, especially the expressionism and psychological zeitgeist in "The Housemaid" directed by Kim Ki-Young that can be logically analyzed, following the signs in the movie. Secondly, It analyzes the images captured the scenes that best describe the underlying theme of the movie, revealing the features of the different spaces for different scenes. Moreover, It analyzes the correlation of the change in value, desire, and space of the time in the 1960's to see the feature of the spaces in the 1960 are represented in the movie. In conclusion, the realistic expressionism movie of Kim Ki-young's 'Housemaid' showing the everyday life of a family against the background of industrial capitalism reveals the intimate desire of the time with the director's perspective on the history. With Mise-en-Sc$\grave{e}$ne, we can understand the space structure of the time, the view on space structure and further the effect of modernization project on urban residential area.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.27
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• pp.171-209
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• 1997

The results of the study can be summarized as follows. The Shu-mu Da-wen was selected and compiled by Zhang Zhi Dong at the end of Qing Dynasty as a reading list for students preparing for the state examination and for the purpose of choosing the best from several versions. Whether it was compiled and edited by Zhang was in dispute. But it is almost certain that Zhang was the main editor because Shu-mu Da-wen showed his political, educational and scientific thoughts and knowledge distinctively. The followings are characteristics of Shu-mu Da-wen being compared with Si-ku Quan-shu Zong-mu Ti-yao. 1. In Jing-bu, the Confucian classics are divided into Zheng-jing Zheng-zhu and 'Lie-chao Jing-zhu Jing-shuo Jing-ben kao-zheng. Zheng-shi lei is divided into Zheng-shi fen he ke ben and Zheng-shi zhu bu biao pu kao-zheng. It is the special sorting method to include Du-ben lei in Jing-bu and Chu xue du-ben in Bie-lu in order to provide first learners for reading order. 2. Shi-bu included Gu-shi newly and Di-li lei is divided into Gu Di-li and Jin di-li in Shi-bu. Tian-wen Suan-fa lei is divided into Zhong-fa and Xi-fa in Zi-bu. Zhang distinguished between old books and contemporary ones to find out the origin and include newly published books in the East and the West. 3. Zhou-Qin zhu-zi is newly added to Zi-pu. In Ji-pu, Bie-ji and Zong-ji are categorized according to their style and period respectively. This show the new sorting method which added classifying system concerning academic development. It is the prominent feature in the compiling system to make Bie-lu and Cong-shu respective chapters. With those characteristics the Shu-mu Da-wen had been edited and published several times. It had a wide effect not only on compiling methods of cataloging afterwards and but also on classification systems before decimal classification was introduced in China.