• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.329-350
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• 2019

Productive struggle(생산적인 애씀)이란 쉽게 풀리지는 않지만 호기심과 과제 집착을 가져올 수 있는 도전적인 문제에 대하여 해결 전략을 궁리하며 문제의 기저를 이루는 수학적 개념의 이해와 문제 해결을 향해가는 학생의 노력 과정이다. 즉, 수학적 개념을 깊게 이해하거나 문제를 해결하기 위해 끈질기게 궁리하고 스스로 해결책을 찾기 위해 노력하는 것을 의미한다. Productive struggle이 학생들의 개념이해를 바탕으로 한 수학 학습의 핵심요소로 떠오르면서, 효과적인 수학 교수를 위한 NCTM(2014)의 행동 원리 중 하나로 제시되었다. 그러나 선행연구의 대부분이 학생의 productive struggle에 집중되어 있어, 본 연구에서는 예비 수학 교사들이 비정형적 수학 문제를 해결하는 과정에서 겪는 productive struggle에 초점을 맞추었다. Polya의 문제해결 4단계를 분석틀로 사용하여 문제를 해결하는 동안 각 단계별로 예비 수학 교사가 어떤 productive struggle을 보이는지 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 새로운 유형의 문제를 접했을 때, 예비 수학 교사들의 제한된 선행지식이 문제의 이해부터 계획수립 및 실행 단계까지 productive struggle을 야기하며 문제해결 과정에 큰 영향을 미친다는 것을 발견했다. 또한, 예비 수학 교사들이 productive struggle을 겪으며 문제를 해결해봄으로써 고군분투 끝에 얻게 되는 학습의 즐거움을 느끼게 되고, 이러한 경험은 미래의 학생들에게 효과적인 수학 학습을 위해 productive struggle을 지원할 수 있도록 격려하는 역할을 하였다. 따라서 productive struggle를 통해 수학 학습에 몰두해보는 기회를 가짐으로써 예비 수학 교사들이 미래의 수학교육전문가로서의 직업적 전문성을 키우는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of East Asia Management
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.93-103
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• 2021

Struggle refers to the process of overcoming various difficulties for a goal. The spirit of struggle is a positive attitude and reaction reflected in the process of struggle. Cultivating the spirit of struggle of college students is the call of the new era. In essence, the cultivation of the spirit of struggle is a process of learning, which is in line with Bandura's Observation Learning Theory(Bandura, 1977):Attention, Maintenance, Reproduction and Motivation. The cultivation of College Students' spirit of struggle in the new era is also a learning process of enriched experience. It is necessary to cultivate the spirit of struggle into the soul of college students and make it become a habit of students. Moreover, it is crucial to carry out adaptive transformation of Bandura's observation learning theory. By studying the mechanism of the spirit of struggle of college students, taking innovation and entrepreneurship education as a means, and aiming at cultivating the connotation of President Xi's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, this paper constructs the AIST model for cultivating the spirit of struggle of college students in the new era. This model includes online learning acceptance platform(Acceptance), classroom experience stimulation platform(Inspiration), iterative training solidified platform (Solidification), and competition practice transfer platform(Transfer). The purpose of this model is to provide a practical way for universities to fulfill the fundamental task of moral education and cultivate qualified socialist builders and successors. The number of students using the online learning acceptance platform ranked the first among that of the similar courses in China; The classroom experience stimulation platform and the iterative training solidified platform support each other, with an effective rate of 97%; The competition practice transfer platform has realized the continuous growth of the number of awards won in competitions for three years. The direction of future efforts is to establish the external mechanism of the spirit of struggle, to ensure the effectiveness of classroom experience and iterative training, to cultivate teachers with coaching skills, and to accurately measure the transformation point of external and endogenous motivation.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통신학회 2004년도 추계종합학술대회 논문 초록집
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• pp.221-221
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• 2004

• 산업노동연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.165-195
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• 2017

본 논문은 부조리한 삶의 경계에 선 사람들을 인정투쟁의 관점에서 다룬다. 경계인은 1970년대부터 노동운동에 뛰어 든 사람들이다. 그리고 인정투쟁은 사랑, 권리, 가치부여의 측면에서 사회구성원으로부터 인정받기 위한 투쟁이다. 본 논문은 이들이 인정을 위한 열정으로부터 좌절된 과정을 분석한다. 경계인들은 인정을 위해 민주노조를 건설했고, 진보정당으로 결실을 맺었다. 그런데 부조리한 세상에 맞섰던 사람들은 개혁과 혁명의 경계인에서 무기력과 우울증이라는 갈림길에 있다. 열정이 식고 우울증의 현상이 심화되고 있는 이유는 무엇인가? 본 논문은 혁명을 꿈꾸면서 의인이었던 이들이 인정되지 못하고 여전히 밖에서 경계인이 되고 좌절과 무기력에 있는 핵심적인 이유로 내부와 외부와의 다양한 측면에서 균열을 지적했고 이를 극복하기 위해 균열을 극복하기 위한 소통을 대안으로 제시했다.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.217-227
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• 2020

Purpose - Against the backdrop of the recent intense political conflict in Korea's political circles, it is to reveal from an economic point of view the hidden aspects behind the hostile conflict between the two political forces. Design/methodology/approach - This paper is not a normative study to find a solution to political conflict, but a positive study to reveal the mechanism of reciprocity that exists between the two parties of conflict in real politics. Therefore, the analysis is based on game theory methodology. Findings - It is shown that the ruling party should choose a level of preemptive response that is neither insufficient nor excessive if it aims to avoid radical anti-government struggles by opposition parties. We also find that even if the chances of success of the opposition's radical offensive struggle are low, the use of that strategy is not necessarily reduced. In addition, we have obtained comparative static results that do not deviate much from our intuition. What's interesting is that unlike our intuition that the choice of the method will be indifferent if the marginal effects of radical and normal methods of struggle are the same, the opposition party rather chooses the normal method of struggle more often. Research implications or Originality - In forming the analytical model, it reflected the support of the general public following the opposition's struggle against the ruling party in order to capture real politics well in the conflict between the two opposing parties.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2023

Due to Japanese imperialism's invasion of Korea and the policy of exterminating national culture, many independence activists from Korean medicine participated in the Manchurian Independence Army activities and the fight for freedom. Kang Woo-kyu, who threw a bomb at the governor-General of Korea on September 2, 1919, can be cited as a leader who learned East Asian medicine. Kim Kwanje, who organized a secret organization by opening an East Asian medicine clinic in Gimhae, Gyeongsangnam-do, was involved in the struggle of the medical corps while working as a medical student. He is accused of providing a shelter by treating members of the Uiryeoldan. In 1919, the Manchurian Independence Army unit, which launched the March 1st Movement armed struggle, was established, and those who served as military doctors in various organizations can be found. Park Se-jung, who participated as an independent soldier at the age of 47, treated wounded soldiers and patients as a military doctor. A branch office was also created by raising military funds and participating in the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. Jang Hyong was able to raise independent military funds, campaign for the provisional government's independence petition, and lecture across the country mostly disguised as an East Asian medicine doctor, which led to several imprisonments for "fraud charges under the guise of similar medical practices".

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.199-203
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• 2021

This paper provides practical suggestions for how palliative care clinicians can address the expressions of spiritual struggle voiced by patients and their loved ones. In addition to practical tips for listening and responding, ethical guidance and opportunities for self-reflection related to spiritual care are briefly discussed. Principles to guide practice when the clinician is listening and responding to a patient expressing spiritual struggle include being non-directive, honoring (vs. judging) the patient's spiritual or religious experience, keeping the conversation patient-centered, focusing on the core theme of what the patient is expressing presently, using the patient's terminology and framing, and responding "heart to heart" or "head to head" to align with the patient. Ultimately, the goal of a healing response from a spiritual care generalist is to allow the patient to "hear" or "see" themselves, to gain self-awareness. To converse with patients about spirituality in an ethical manner, the clinician must first assess the patient's spiritual needs and preferences and then honor these.

• 미국학
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.109-134
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• 2019

This essay examines the significance of Yank's struggle to belong in Eugene O'Neill's play, The Hairy Ape in light of Nietzsche's definition of man as "a rope tied between beast and overman." Contending that Yank's death in the gorilla's cage signifies both a defeat and his only chance of success, the essay investigates how his "tink[ing]" leads him to question his former understanding of what it means to belong. Knowing his struggle to belong is bound to fail, Yank uncompromisingly seeks to fit into the point of completely isolating himself from all other species in the gorilla's cage. Consequently, he becomes "the Hairy Ape" and opens up the possibility of belonging by creating and becoming the species of one to which he alone belongs. Echoing Nietzsche's vision of greatness in man, Yank's endeavor proves that what is noble "in man is that he is a bridge" rather than "a goal."

• 미국학
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.169-198
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• 2009

Unlike the Democratic nomination, Republican nomination struggle has ended with an easy victory of Senator John McCain. This paper claims that the easy victory of McCain should not be interpreted as Republican's return to the median voter, because it masks religious schism and ideological discord among the Republicans. Christian rights were still reluctant to support McCain mostly due to his liberal position on social issues. In addition, the conservatives who request stricter immigration policy presented the mixed feeling toward the Republican candidate. Even though McCain chose the harmony inside the Republican party, rather than sticked to his liberal attitude toward social issues during the campaign for 2008 general election, McCain's defeat is unlikely to result in a rapid change in the Republican party.

• 대한간호
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• 제23권5호통권128호
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• pp.75-77
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• 1984