• Title/Summary/Keyword: structural strength

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Strength Development of High-Strength Concrete in Structure

  • Msuda, Yochihiro
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2000.10a
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    • pp.31-45
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    • 2000
  • Because of the high unit cement content in the concrete mix, major concrete temperature rises are observed in the initial stages of hardening in structural members with large cross-sections made of high-strength concrete. While this temperature rise in the initial stages of hardening contributes to the initial development of the concrete strength, it also causes thermal cracking and obstructs medium to long-term increases of the concrete strength. In the study reports below, investigations were made on the effects of the concrete temperature rise in the initial stages of hardening on the medium to long-term development of the strength of structural concrete between the ages of 28 and 91 days. In the study, comparisons were made, for example, between the compressive strength of a control specimen subjected to standard curing at 28 days and the compressive strength of core specimens taken from structural members, and observations were made on the methods of evaluating the concrete strength in structure, defined here as the compressive strength of core specimens at 91 days. The results obtained indicate that, when the maximum temperature of the concrete is the structure does not exceed $60^{\circ}C$, the concrete strength in structure at the age of long-term will generally be greater than the compressive strength of the standard-curing specimens at 28 days, allowing one to evaluate the strength of the structural concrete in terms of the compressive strength of the 28-days standard-curing specimens. When, on the other hand, the maximum temperature of the concrete in the structure exceeds $60^{\circ}C$, the strength in concrete structure may be smaller than the compressive strength of the 28-days standard-curing specimens, creating risks in the evaluation of the concrete strength in structure by latter.

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Structural Performance of Steel Pipe Splice for SD500 High-strength Reinforcing Bar under Cyclic Loading

  • Kim, Hyong-Kee
    • Architectural research
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.13-23
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    • 2008
  • It is the purpose of this study to evaluate the structural performance of steel pipe splice for SD500 high-strength reinforcing bar, through a cyclic loading test. The experimental variables adopted in this study include the development length of rebar, the type of sleeve, and size of reinforcing bar, among others. The results of this study showed that the developed steel pipe splice system for SD500 high-strength reinforcing bar, retained the structural performance required in domestic, ACI and AIJ code. It is considered that the study result presented in this paper can be helpful in developing a reasonable design method for a steel pipe splice system for SD500 high-strength reinforcing bar.

Soil structure interaction effects on structural parameters for stiffness degrading systems built on soft soil sites

  • Aydemir, Muberra Eser
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.45 no.5
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    • pp.655-676
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    • 2013
  • In this study, strength reduction factors and inelastic displacement ratios are investigated for SDOF systems with period range of 0.1-3.0 s considering soil structure interaction for earthquake motions recorded on soft soil. The effect of stiffness degradation on strength reduction factors and inelastic displacement ratios is investigated. The modified-Clough model is used to represent structures that exhibit significant stiffness degradation when subjected to reverse cyclic loading and the elastoplastic model is used to represent non-degrading structures. The effect of negative strain - hardening on the inelastic displacement and strength of structures is also investigated. Soil structure interacting systems are modeled and analyzed with effective period, effective damping and effective ductility values differing from fixed-base case. For inelastic time history analyses, Newmark method for step by step time integration was adapted in an in-house computer program. New equations are proposed for strength reduction factor and inelastic displacement ratio of interacting system as a function of structural period($\tilde{T}$, T) ductility (${\mu}$) and period lengthening ratio ($\tilde{T}$/T).

Estimation of Depth Effect on the Bending Strength of Domestic Japanese Larch Structural Lumber using Weibull Weakest Link Theory

  • Oh, Sei Chang
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.112-118
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    • 2014
  • The depth effect on bending strength of Japanese larch structural lumber was investigated by using the published data of two different depth lumbers with the same length. Depth effect parameters were derived from Weibull's weakest link theory and compared to the results from other researches. Depth effect on bending strength was significant for No.1 and No.3 lumber, but not insignificant for No.2 lumber. Calculated value of the depth effect adjustment factors was 0.21, 0.11 and 0.22 by lumber grade, respectively. These results were similar to those results from previous researches and supported depth effect on bending strength of lumber. An apparent depth adjustment factor has been proposed to 0.2 in the literatures. Based on this study, depth adjustment factor was considered to 0.2 as a conservative optimum design value that should be incorporated in domestic building code (KBC) for structural lumber.

Structural performance of recycled aggregates concrete sourced from low strength concrete

  • Goksu, Caglar;Saribas, Ilyas;Binbir, Ergun;Akkaya, Yilmaz;Ilki, Alper
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.69 no.1
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    • pp.77-93
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    • 2019
  • Although much research has been carried out using recycled aggregates sourced from normal strength concrete, most of the buildings to be demolished are constructed with low strength concrete. Therefore, the properties of the concrete incorporating recycled aggregates, sourced from the waste of structural elements cast with low strength concrete, were investigated in this study. Four different concrete mixtures were designed incorporating natural and recycled aggregates with and without fly ash. The results of the mechanical and durability tests of the concrete mixtures are presented. Additionally, full-scale one-way reinforced concrete slabs were cast, using these concrete mixtures, and subjected to bending test. The feasibility of using conventional reinforced concrete theory for the slabs made with structural concrete incorporating recycled aggregates was investigated.

A Study on Evaluation of Structural Integrity and Fatigue Analysis for the Bogie Frame of Monorail (모노레일 대차프레임에 대한 구조 안전성 및 피로강도 평가에 관한 연구)

  • Ko, Hee-Young;Shin, Kwang-Bok;Lee, Kwang-Seop;Lee, Eun-Gyu
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2010.06a
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    • pp.609-614
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    • 2010
  • In this paper, the structural integrity and fatigue strength for the bogie frame of Monorail being developed in domestic was evaluated. Presently, the standard of evaluation for the bogie frame of monorail was not regulated. Therefore, the evaluation of the structural integrity and fatigue strength for the bogie frame was performed on the basis of the UIC 615-4 standard. The structural integrity of the designed bogie frame was evaluated by displacement and Von-Mises stress under each load conditions. And the fatigue strength was evaluated by combined main in-service load conditions specified at UIC 615-4 standard and it was compared with result of fatigue analysis using winLIFE v3.1 with the function of batch processing. The results shows that the structural integrity and fatigue strength of the designed bogie frame was satisfied, and the fatigue analysis using batch processing was more effective than conventional fatigue analysis using combined load conditions.

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Structural Analysis of Cylinder Frame for Medium-speed Diesel Engine (중형 디젤엔진용 실린더 프레임에 대한 구조해석)

  • Son, Jung-Ho;Kim, Moo-Seung;An, Sung-Chan
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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    • 2005.06a
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    • pp.144-148
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    • 2005
  • Cylinder frame manufactured by casting is assembled with the components such as cylinder head, cylinder liner and main bearing cap, etc. The mechanical contact between all of the neighboring components due to bolt tightening was taken into consideration. The loads used in structural analysis were the bolt tightening forces induced by hydraulic jack and the dynamic forces calculated from kinematic analysis. The difference of forces between the neighboring cylinders was taken into account. The maximum stress, stress amplitude and mean stress calculated from the results of structural analyses were used to evaluate the static and fatigue strength. Gray cast iron which is material of cylinder frame has the material characteristics of very small elongation and different strength in tension and compression. Based on such an material characteristics, the strength evaluation of cylinder frame was carried out with in-house program developed internally.

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Structural lightweight concrete containing expanded poly-styrene beads; Engineering properties

  • Vakhshouri, Behnam
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.581-597
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    • 2020
  • Light-Weight Concrete containing Expanded Poly-Styrene Beads (EPS-LWC) is an approved structural and non-structural material characterized by a considerably lower density and higher structural efficiency, compared to concrete containing ordinary aggregates. The experimental campaign carried out in this project provides new information on the mechanical properties of structural EPS-LWC, with reference to the strength and tension (by splitting and in bending), the modulus of elasticity, the stress-strain curve in unconfined compression, the absorbed energy under compression and reinforcement-concrete bond. The properties measured at seven ages since casting, from 3 days to 91 days, in order to investigate their in-time evolution. Mathematical relationships are formulated as well, between the previous properties and time, since casting. The dependence of the compressive strength on the other mechanical properties of EPS-LWC is also described through an empirical relationship, which is shown to fit satisfactorily the experimental results.

Fracture energy and tension softening relation for nano-modified concrete

  • Murthy, A. Ramachandra;Ganesh, P.;Kumar, S. Sundar;Iyer, Nagesh R.
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.54 no.6
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    • pp.1201-1216
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    • 2015
  • This paper presents the details of size independent fracture energy and bi-linear tension softening relation for nano modified high strength concrete. Nano silica in powder form has been used as partial replacement of cement by 2 wt%. Two popular methods, namely, simplified boundary effect method of Karihaloo et al. (2003) and RILEM (1985) fracture energy with P-${\delta}$ tail correction have been employed for estimation of size independent fracture energy for nano modified high strength concrete (compressive strength ranges from 55 MPa to 72 MPa). It is found that both the methods gave nearly same values, which is an additional evidence that either of them can be employed for determination of size independent fracture energy. Bi-linear tension softening relation corresponding to their size independent fracture energy has been constructed in an inverse manner based on the concept of non-linear hinge from the load-crack mouth opening plots of notched three-point bend beams.

Structural Behavior of Sawdust-Mixing Concrete (폐톱밥 혼입 콘크리트의 구조거동에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Hong, Seung-Ryul;Son, Ki-Sang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.20 no.3 s.71
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    • pp.126-133
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    • 2005
  • Behavior of saw-dust concrete has not studied because many people have thought that saw-dust concrete cannot be applicable for structural member, up to now. This study is to findout how much the concrete can be structurally applicated. 5mm grid sieve was used to select satisfactory sawdust for better concrete quality. Test molds size of ${\phi}10{\times}20cm$ long were made of normal without sawdust, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2%, 1.4%, 1.6%, 1.8% 2.0%, for making concrete strengh of 180kg, 210kg, 240kg, 270kg which they are normally used in practice presently. A various strengths tests such as compressive splitting tensile, flexible strength behavior of structural member named beam using size of $20{\times}30{\times}120cm$ have been done for the structural aspects. Tensile strength shows that it can be more affected than higher strength of it.