• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2008

For the domestic digital contents, it is particularly important that the planning and mediating functions should cover the whole Industries so that dividends and assistance to reach all the way back to the primary contents-creating level, where economic risks are especially high. A proactive cooperation system or framework between the government, the businesses and research institutions, which would allow for free flow of interaction among these players, can play that role. We can broadly define cooperation frameworks into two; one between the central and the local governments and another among private-sector groups, such as companies, associations and groups. These players in the framework have differing, sometimes, conflicting views regarding the digital contents industry whether the digital contents should aim for skilled applicability or the abstract or whether the emphasis should rest on public interest or profitability. Immature competition and lack of trust among these players also give rise to such inefficiencies as overlap in investments, inexpertness and inefficient use of resources. We have proposed and realized the National Integrated Cooperation System to bridge these gaps among the major players in the industry. The National Integrated Cooperation System rests on the following major functions. The first major function of the NICS is to decipher any ambiguity that may be embedded in external Inputs by stratified role and bias. The second function is to create cooperative groups that will deal with the ambiguities based on its consequent situation. The third is a feedback function that will draw out a new cooperative way by re-feeding the capacities and the conflicts that stem from the existing organizations and strategies into cooperation and adjustment process. Our NICS has compared and evaluated with England and Australia digital content industry models under AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. NICS has turned out to be well designed and have strong points based on OECD innovation and cooperation criteria.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디지털정책학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.379-390
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• 2006

For the domestic digital contents, it is particularly important that the planning and mediating functions should cover the whole industries so that in order for dividends and assistance to reach all the way back to the primary contents-creating level, where economic risks are especially high. A proactive cooperation system or framework between the government, the businesses and research institutions, which would allow for free flow of interaction among these players, can play that role. We can broadly define cooperation frameworks into two; one between the central and the local governments and one among private-sector groups, such as companies, associations and groups. These player sin the framework have differing, sometimes, conflicting views regarding the digital contents industry whether the digital contents should aim for skilled applicability or the abstract or whether the emphasis should rest on public interest or profitability. Immature competition and lack of trust among these players also give rise to such inefficiencies as overlap in investments, inexpertness and inefficient use of resources. We have proposed and realized the National Integrated Cooperation System to bridge these gaps among the major players in the industry. The National Integrated Cooperation System rests on the following major functions. The first major function of the NICS is to decipher any ambiguity that may be embedded in external inputs by stratified role and bias. The second function is to create cooperative groups that will deal with the ambiguities based on its consequent situation. The third is a feedback function that will draw out a new cooperative way by re-feeding the capacities and the conflicts that stem from the existing organizations and strategies into cooperation and adjustment process. Our NICS has compared and evaluated with England and Australia digital content industry models under AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. NICS has turned out to be well designed and have strong points based on OECD innovation and cooperation criteria.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.147-147
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• 2017

Rice is one of the major staple food in Asia, covering around half of the world population. More than 40% of rice cultivation area are subject to abiotic stresses such as drought, submergence and phosphate deficiency. Pyramiding useful genes into elite variety is a promising strategy to develop tolerance varieties to multiple abiotic stresses. However, some genes are not functionally compatible when they are introgressed into the same elite variety. Here, we tested the functional compatibility of Sub1 and Pup1, major QTLs for tolerance to submergence and phosphate (P)-deficiency conditions, respectively. Phenotypic analysis revealed that IR64-Sub1 Pup1(SP1) plants harboring both Sub1 and Pup1 QTLs showed significant tolerance to submerged conditions, similarly in IR64-Sub1 (Sub1) plant, while SP1 plants failed to tolerate to P-deficiency conditions; only IR64-Pup1 (Pup1) showed strong P-deficiency tolerance phenotype. In submerged conditions, the expression levels of Sub1A and PSTOL1, major genes for Sub1 and Pup1 QTLs, respectively, were not significantly different in between Pup1 and SP1 plants. On the other hand, the expression of both Sup1A and PSTOL1 was significantly downregulated in P-deficiency conditions, suggesting that Sub1 and Pup1 repressed gene expression each other in P-deficiency conditions. These results suggest Pup1 does not compromise the Sub1 function in submerged conditions while Sub1 suppresses the function of Pup1 in (P)-deficient condition, possibly by regulating transcript level of Pup1. In conclusion, Sub1 and Pup1 are functionally compatible in terms of submergence tolerance but not in P-deficiency conditions. Further analysis need to be performed to elucidate how Sup1 suppresses the function of Pup1 in P-deficiency conditions.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.1248-1255
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• 2011

In daily life, another major role of human hand is a communicative function using hand gestures besides grasp function. Therefore, if amputees can express their intention by the prosthetic hand, they can much actively participate in social activities. Thus, this paper propose myoelectric multi-function prosthetic hand which can express 6 useful hand gestures such as Rock, Scissors, Paper, Indexing, Ok and Thumb-up. It was designed as under-actuated structure to minimize volume and weight of the prosthetic hand. Moreover, in order to effectively control various hand gestures by only two EMG sensors, we propose a control strategy that the signal type are expanded as "Strong" and "Light", and hand gestures are hierarchically classified for the intuitive control. Finally, we prove the validity of the developed prosthetic hand with the experiment.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 1999년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.81-89
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• 1999

The major source of noise in the process of transporting liquids is related to the cavitation phenomenon. The control valve noise is mostly dominated by bubble dynamics under cavitating conditions. In this investigation, an orifice configuration is set-up to correlate its flow-field and acoustic signatures with those from a control valve device. The performance and noise characteristics form the orifice configuration in anechoic surroundings were measured to reveal the noise sources depending on pressure differences across the orifice configuration. The sound powers from the orifice configuration are effectively normalized using proposed scaling parameters. Flow-excited dynamic systems for which there is no strong coupling between the flow and the system response can be described using a linear source-filter model. On this assumption, the normalized sound powers can be decomposed of noise source function and a response function. To find noise sources, pressure spectra measured over a range of pressure differences are transformed into the product of two non-dimensional frequency function : $P_{ss}(He,f_{ca},x/D) = F(f_{ca})\;G(He,x/D)$. This scheme of finding noise sources is shown to be applicable to the cavitation noise from the control valve effectively Two kinds of cavitating modes based on our experimental data are found and discussed.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.183-208
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• 2022

Purpose - The main purpose of this study is to widely investigate the impact of recent pandemic crises on the synchronization of the world capital markets through 25 stock indices from major developed countries. Design/methodology/approach - This study collects 25 stock indices from major developed countries and the time period is between January 5, 2001 and February 24, 2022. The data sets used in the study include finance.yahoo.com and Investing.com.. The Granger causality analysis, unit-root test, VAR analysis, and forecasting error variance decomposition were hired in order to analyze the data. Findings - First, there are significant inter-relations among 25 countries around recent major pandemic crises(such as SARS, A(H1N1), MERS, and COVID19), which is consistent result with previous literature. Second, COVID19 shows much stronger impact on the world-wide synchronization than other pandemics. Third, the return volatility of each stock market varies, unit root tests show that daily stock index data are unstable while daily stock index returns are stable, and VAR(Vector Auto Regression) analyses presents significant inter-relations among 25 capital markets. Fourth, from the impulse response function analyses, we find that each market affects the other markets for short term periods, about 2~4 days, and no long term effect was not found. Fifth, Granger causality tests show one-side or two-sides synchronization between capital markets and we estimate, through forecasting error variance decomposition method, that the explanatory portions of each capital market on other markets vary from 10 to 80%. Research implications or Originality - The above results all together show that pandemic crises have strong effects on the synchronization of world capital markets and imply that these synchronizations should be carefully considered both in the investment decisions by individual investors and in the financial and economic policies by governments.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.763-783
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• 2018

In this paper, we study an Artinian point-configuration quotient having the SLP. We show that an Artinian quotient of points in $\mathbb{p}^n$ has the SLP when the union of two sets of points has a specific Hilbert function. As an application, we prove that an Artinian linear star configuration quotient $R/(I_{\mathbb{X}}+I_{\mathbb{Y}})$ has the SLP if $\mathbb{X}$ and $\mathbb{Y}$ are linear starconfigurations in $\mathbb{p}^2$ of type s and t for $s{\geq}(^t_2)-1$ and $t{\geq}3$. We also show that an Artinian $\mathbb{k}$-configuration quotient $R/(I_{\mathbb{X}}+I_{\mathbb{Y}})$ has the SLP if $\mathbb{X}$ is a $\mathbb{k}$-configuration of type (1, 2) or (1, 2, 3) in $\mathbb{p}^2$, and $\mathbb{X}{\cup}\mathbb{Y}$ is a basic configuration in $\mathbb{p}^2$.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.486-498
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• 2018

본 연구는 일 지역 대학생의 성격유형을 분석하여 선호경향에 따른 학습법을 통한 자기주도학습에 도움이 되는 기초자료를 제공하고자 시행된 서술적 조사연구이다. 본 연구는 2017년 9월 18일부터 22일까지 K대학교 10개 학과 695명을 대상으로 MBTI form $M^{(R)}$ 을 자기 기입식으로 작성하여 자동채점하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS Win 22.0 Program을 이용하여 대상자의 16가지 성격유형, 성격별 심리기능 및 기질에 대해 기술통계, Chi-square test로 분석하였다. 성별에 따른 성격유형의 선호경향의 차이는 판단기능에서는 남학생은 T유형(사고형)이, 여학생은 F유형(감정형)이 높은 선호도로 나타났으며 행동양식 및 생활양식의 차이에서는 여학생은 J유형(판단형)이, 남학생은 P유형(인식형)이 높은 선호도로 나타났다. 또한 학과별 및 계열별에 따라 성격유형, 심리기능 및 기질에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 따라서 성격유형이 성별, 학과 및 계열별에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타나 개인의 선호경향을 반영한 학습법에 관한 매뉴얼 개발이 필요하리라 사료된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.331-342
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• 2010

Aerosol physical properties have been measured at Pusan National University by using the 16-channel LPC(Laser Particle Counter), and particle characteristics have been examined for the period from Aug. 4 2007 to Dec. 30, 2008. Annual total average, seasonal average, and other averages of the meteorologically classified four categories such as Asian dust, precipitation, foggy, and clear days are respectively described here. Both annually and seasonally averaged number concentration show three peaks at the particle diameter of 0.3, 1.3, and $4{\mu}m$, respectively. However, the first peak for summer season tends to be shifted toward smaller size than other seasons, implying the strong fine particle generation. Meteorological condition shows strong contrast in aerosol concentrations. In Asian dust case, relatively lower number concentrations of fine particles (i.e., smaller than $0.5{\mu}m$) were predominant, while higher concentrations of coarse particles were found particularly for the size bigger than $0.5{\mu}m$. In precipitation day, number concentrations were decreased by approximately 30% due to the removal process of precipitation. Foggy day shows significantly higher concentrations for fine particles, implying the importance of the aerosol condensation process of micro-fine-particle growing to fine-particle. Finally the regressed particle size distribution function was fitted optimally with two log-normal distribution, and discussed the similarities and differences among four categorized cases of the Asian dust, precipitation, foggy, and clear days.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1994

Exposure of isolated intact mitochondria to near UV to visible light resulted in not only loss of respiration, the most well-documented phenomenon regarding phototoxic effects in the respiring organelles, but also lipid peroxidation of membranes and mitochondrial swelling; these turned out to be O$_2$-dependent and thus prevented by anaerobiosis, enhanced by a partial deuteration of the suspension medium, and suppressed by the presence of a singlet oxygen ($^1O_2$) scavenger. Measurements of the spectral dependence of such detrimental effects of light on mitochondrial structure and function revealed that all the resulting spectra bear a significant resemblance to the action spectrum for photogeneration of $^1O_2$ from mitochondrial membranes, which in turn carries the spectral characteristics of light absorption by mitochondrial Fe-S centers. Futhermore, destructing the Fe-S centers by a mercurial treatment of mitochondria brought about a striking reduction of the light-induced membrane peroxidation and swelling of mitochondria. These results are consistent with the suggestion that the impairment of functional, structural integrity of mitochondria caused by strong irradiation is directly related to the production of $^1O_2$ in mitochondria, photosensitized by the Fe-S centers. This paper also presents kinetic data which indicate that, among various membrane-bound protein systems associated with mitochondrial energy metabolism, the respiratory chain is the primary target for photodamage.