• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.741-746
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• 2004

This study investigated the response of GLUT-4 and GRP-78 protein expression in soleus muscle of Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with caffeine oral administration by imposing different exercise intensities. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=6 in each group): diabetic group (D), diabetic-caffeine group (DC), diabetic-caffeine group with low intensity exercise (DCL), diabetic-caffeine group with moderate intensity exercise (DCM) and diabetic-caffeine group with high intensity exercise (DCH). The rats in DCL, DCM and DCH groups were exercised acutely by treadmill running for 8 meter/m, 16 meter/m and 25 meter/m, respectively. Little difference in GLUT-4 protein expression was shown in DC and DCL compared to D. GLUT-4 protein expression was decreased in DCM and increased in DCH was observed. GRP-78 protein expressions in DCL, DCM and DCH were little lower than that of D. An increase in GRP-78 protein was observed in DC. Improved insulin sensitivity with acute high intensity exercise gives the rats important therapy that lowers insulin requirement. This improvement of insulin sensitivity for glucose transport in skeletal muscle results from translocation of the GLUT-4 protein from the endoplasmic reticilum to the cell surface and increase in total quantity of GLUT-4 protein. It is not clear what mechanism reduced GRP-78 protein level in exercise group. It is merely conjectured that caffeine-induced lipolysis provided cells with energy in abundance and this relieved stress which cells are subjected to receive when performing exercise.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.774-781
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• 2012

This study investigated dose-response effects of chlorogenic acid (CA) on glucose metabolism and the antioxidant system in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice with a high-fat diet (HFD). Male ICR mice were fed with a HFD (37% calories from fat) for 4 weeks prior to intraperitoneal injection with STZ (100 mg/kg body weight). Diabetic mice were supplemented with two doses of CA (0.02% and 0.05%, wt/wt) for 6 weeks. Both doses of CA significantly improved fasting blood glucose level, glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance without any changes in plasma insulin and C-peptide levels. Plasma leptin concentration was significantly higher in the CA-supplemented groups than in the diabetic control group. Both doses of CA significantly increased hepatic glucokinase activity and decreased glucose-6-phosphatase activity compared to the diabetic control group. The ratio of glucokinase/glucose-6-phosphatase was dose-independently higher in CA-supplemented mice than in diabetic control mice. CA supplementation dose-independently elevated superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, whereas it lowered lipid peroxide levels compared to the diabetic control mice in the liver and erythrocyte. These results suggest that low-dose CA may be used as a hypoglycemic agent in a high-fat diet and STZ-induced diabetic mice.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 2009

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) and banaba (Lagerstroemia speciosa L.) are well known as medicinal plants for their antidiabetic effects. These contain a great deal of polyphenol compound and work on the treatment of diabetes mellitus effectively. In this study, the extracts of guava and banaba are consumed by streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats to compare the antidiabetic effects. According to the comparison result, the glucose level of those STZ-induced diabetic rats has decreased by 19.32%, total cholesterol by 24-46%, triglyceride by 22-67% and free fatty acid by 49-71 % approximately compared to the diabetic rats, while the generation of insulin and the recovery of beta cells have increased. However, the result showed that the antidiabetic effect of guava extracts was higher than that of banaba extracts. This is because the hydrophilic polyphenol compounds contained in banaba leaves were not extracted during the ethanol extraction process, and the antidiabetic activity of the extracted corosolic add was low to surprise.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1794-1801
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• 2009

This study was conducted to examine the effects of soluble collagen peptides extract supplementation on the improvement of blood glucose, lipid components and enzyme activities in the sera of streptozotocin (STZ, 55 mg/kg BW, IP injection)-induced diabetic rats fed on experimental diets for 5 weeks. The concentrations of blood glucose, total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, triglycerides (TG) and phospholipids (PL) in serum were remarkably higher in the diabetic group (group SW) and STZ (IP)+collagen peptides extract supplementation group (group SFW) than those in the control group (group CG, basal diet + water). However the concentrations of blood glucose, total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, TG and PL in serum were lower in the SFW group than in the SW group, whereas the ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentration to total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentration in the SFW group were higher than in the SW group. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aminotransferase (AST, ALT) in serum were lower in the SFW group than in the diabetic SW group. The results shown above suggest that soluble collagen peptides extract supplementation effectively improves blood glucose, lipid compositions and enzyme activities in the sera of STZ induced diabetic rats.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.12-47
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• 2005

First, mice were dosed with 50mg/kg of streptozotocin(STZ) twice every 24 hours to cause high blood-sugar. Then, after three days, mice were injected with 100mg/kg of STZ again. Two different dosages of Saengjihwangeumja-gami were given to the experiment groups: SA group, 15mg/kg/day, and SB group, 90mg/kg/day, in order to determine the effects of Saengjihwangeumja-gami, which has been known to be good for DM(Diabetes Mellitus). By observing weight and blood-sugar level changes, blood tolerance, the numerical value of BUN(Blood Urea Nitrogen) and creatinine in blood, and through light-electronicmicroscopic and immunohistologic investigations of pancreas and kidneys, the following results were obtained: 1. The experiment groups showed a high suppressive effect of weight-loss. 2. The experiment groups' blood-sugar and blood tolerance showed an effective lowering of blood-sugar levels. 3. The experiment groups did not show any noticeable change in the numerical value of BUN and creatinine in blood compared with that of the control groups. 4. The experiment groups showed a higher Insulin positive reaction of pancreatic islets ${/beta}-cell$ than the control groups. 5. The experiment groups showed a higher immuno-reaction against IGF- II than the control groups. 6. Observation of apoptosis of the pancreatic islets showed that the cells of experiment groups were less injured compared with those of the control groups, and fewer apoptag-positive reaction cells were seen in experiment groups than in the control groups. 7. Uunder electron-microscopy, the insulin-containing granules in pancreatic islets ${/beta}-cells$ had increased more in the experiment groups than in the control groups. 8. Under light microscopy, the injury on the inner & outer membrane of the glomerulus and epithelial cells of capillaries and cells among vessels were fewer in the experiment groups than in the control groups. 9. More apoptag-positive reaction cells in the kidney were seen in the control groups than in the experiment groups. 10. PAS-positive reaction substances had increased more in the substrate among the vessels of a glomerulus belonging to the control group than those of the experiment group. 11. Uunder electron-microscopy, the nucleonic membrane, nucleoplasm and mitochondria of proximal and distal renal tubular were more injured in the control groups than in the experiment groups. In conclusion, strong evidence for the efficacy of Saengjihwangeumja-gami in lowering blood-sugar, and in recovery and generation of pancreatic tissues injured by DM was observed. Results suggest Saengjihwangeumja-gami is an effective treatment for DM. Further study of the principles of blood-sugar dropping effects of Saengjihwangeumja-gami are needed, as well as further study of recovery and regeneration of pancreatic tissues injured by DM.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.392-398
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to assess improvements caused by silk sericin extract in blood glucose and lipid concentrations in the sera of streptozotocin(STZ, 55 mg/kg B.W., I.P. injection)-induced diabetic rats fed on experimental diets for 5 weeks. Serum concentrations of blood glucose, total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, triglyceride(TG) and phospholipids(PL) were remarkably higher in the diabetic group(group BSW) and STZ(I.P.)-plus-silk sericin extract group(group ESS) than in the control group(group CG, basal diet-plus-water). However, the serum concentrations of blood glucose, total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, TG and PL were lower in the ESS group than in the BSW group, whereas the ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentration to total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentration in the ESS group were higher than in the BSW group. The activities of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and aminotransferase(AST, ALT) in serum were lower in the ESS group than in the diabetic BSW group. The results shown above suggested that silk sericin extract effectively improves blood glucose and lipid concentrations in the sera of STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.284-289
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• 2002

The effects of Okcheonsan powder on the body weights, the organ weights, the blood glucose level, the lipid and protein concentrations of serum and liver in diabetic rats were studied. Female rats (Sprague-Dawley, mean weight 313.6$\pm$18.5 g) were randomly assigned to one normal and two diabetic groups. They were fed experimental diets for 5 weeks. The diabetic groups were divided into the diabetic control (D-control group) and 3% Ok-cheonsan groups (D-Okcheonsan group). Rats were injected with streptozotocin intraperitoneally to induce diabetes. The body weights, the concentrations of total lipid and triglyceride of liver, the concentrations of total protein and albumin of serum in tole D-control and the D-Okcheonsan groups were significantly decreased compared with those in the normal group. The pancreatic weight in the D-control group was significantly more increased than that in the D-Okcheonsan group, but in the D-Okcheonsan group it was similar to that in the normal group. The fasting blood glucose levels and the atherogenic index in all the diabetic groups were significantly higher than those in the normal group. The concentrations of triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol of serum, and the cholesterol of fiver in the D-Okcheonsan group were significantly lower than those in the D-control group. The concentration of HDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholestrol/total cholesterol ratio of serum were similar to those in all the groups. The concentrations of phospholipid of serum and liver in the D-Okcheonsan group were significantly decreased compared with those of the normal group, In conclusion, the Okcheonsan powder feeding could decrease the pancreatic weight, the concentrations of the triglyceride, the total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol of serum, and the cholesterol of liver in the diabetic rats. But the concentrations of the blood glucose, the hepatic triglyceride and the atherogenic index seems to be not affected by it.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1387-1393
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• 2007

Hambag mushroom is edible mushroom, and one of new strains in Grifola frondosa. It was developed from Korean wild Grifola frondosa by National Institute Science & Technology. In this study, we investigated the effects of the powder extracted from fruit-body of hambag mushroom on hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia and pancreatic cells in rats with streptozotocin (STZ) and high fat diet-induced diabetes. The diabetic rats were fed with hambag mushroom-powder (1 and 2% of diet weight) for 6 weeks. And then the levels of blood glucose and lipid and the pancreatic tissue were analyzed and compared. The diabetic rats fed with hambag mushroom-powder lost less body weight than those fed with the powder-free normal diet. flood glucose levels in the diabetic rats fed with hambag mushroom-powder at all concentrations was lower by 50% than in the diabetic rats fed with normal diet. The levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol in the diabetic rats fed with hambag mushroom-powder were increased compared to those in the diabetic rats fed with normal diet. There were the blood levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol by hambag mushroom-powder concentrations in a dose-dependent response. The decreased damage of pancreatic tissue in the group treated with hambag mushroom-powder could be suggested possibly as one of mechanisms for the effects of hambag mushroom-powder on hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2013

The present study was performed to increase the availability of sweet (Ipomoea batatas) and to develop dinner roll with the reducing ability of blood glucose levels. Different contents of lyophilized sweet potato powder (SPP) were added in dinner roll. Compare to the control group, batter density, a value, hardness, and cohesiveness of the SPP-treated groups were significantly increased while dough expansion rate, baking loss rate, L value, and Hue angle were significantly decreased. Twenty four Sprague-Dawley rats were administered with the SPP-treated diet for 4 weeks after diabetes was induced with the injection of streptozotocin. The blood glucose concentration of the SPP-treated group was significantly lower than that of the control. Although the SPP-treated groups possessed the ability of reducing blood glucose level, the sensory qualities were inferior to the control. Thus, follow-up study was required to improve the sensory characteristics as well as the texture properties.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.463-469
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the Cordyceps militaris extract on the improvement of the glucide metabolism in serum of streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg BW, IP injection)-induced diabetic rats (SD strain, male) fed the experimental diets for 5 weeks. Concentrations of creatinine, lipid peroxide and NEFA in sera were significantly higher in the STZ-induced diabetic group (group DMG) and STZ+Cordyceps militaris extract administration group (group DMS) than those in the control group (group BD). However, the concentrations of creatinine, lipid peroxide and NEFA in sera were reduced in the group DMS than those in the group DMG. The activity of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) in serum was lower in the group DMS than in the group DMG. The activity of LCAT in serum was increased in the group DMS (Cordyceps militaris extract administration) than in the group DMG. The results indicate that Cordyceps militaris extract were effective in the improvement of the glucide metabolism in the sera of STZ-induced diabetic rats.