• East Asian Economic Review
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.385-432
• /
• 2017

This paper investigates how firm age, size and ownership are related with job creation and destruction, and how these patterns differ across transition and non-transition economies. The analysis finds that age is inversely related with gross job creation and net job creation in the two samples. This finding is consistent with the theory of the learning effect. The relationship between age and job destruction is indifferent in non-transition economies. On the contrary, old firms in transition economies destroy more jobs than young ones. The paper further establishes an inverse relationship between size and gross job creation in the two groups. However, there is divergence between the two samples; small firms in non-transition economies also exhibit a higher gross job destruction rate. Consequently large firms have a higher net job creation rate. In transition economies, small and large firms exhibit similar rates of job destruction. But small firms retain a higher net job creation rate. A more intriguing finding is that state owned firms do not underperform domestic private ones. This means these countries may be using soft budget constraint which allows state owned firms to overstaff. Finally, crowding out of SMEs by foreign owned firms is not evident in transition economies.

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study is to grasp the fundamental structure of incident occurrence in nuclear organizations based on system thinking, and analyze how various causes are interrelated in terms of the causal loop diagram. Background: The recent domestic and overseas nuclear power plant-related incidents and accidents are directly or indirectly associated with safety culture, and thus effective plans for the improvement of safety culture are being called for. While the safety of a nuclear power plant is highly dependent upon technology and equipment, the utilization, maintenance and inspection of the technology and equipment are conducted by workers of the nuclear power plant. Method: Methodology of system thinking perspective using causal loop analysis. Results: As a result of the analysis, first, it turned out that the fundamental cause of incident occurrence in nuclear organizations is time constraint. Second, if a workload of workers increases, their adherence to regulations and procedures comes to be reduced due to time constraint. Third, it is needed, through organizational learning education, to increase actions made from thoughts considering safety as the utmost priority in advance. Fourth, it is necessary to improve professionalism by enhancing educational programs for new workers, and to develop various scenarios with which they can cope with certain situations. Application: This paper provides a base for system dynamics simulation model for future study.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제19권10호
• /
• pp.2457-2464
• /
• 2015

무선 네트워크를 통한 네트워크 제어 시스템 (NCS: Networked Control Systems)은 다양한 제어 시스템의 효율성을 극대화 할 수 있는 잠재력을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 네트워크 제어 시스템으로부터 이끌어낸 상태갱신주기(SUI: State Update Interval)라는 성능 메트릭을 정의한다. 제시된 상태갱신주기는 제어와 통신 시스템 계층 사이의 핵심적인 상호작용을 포함하고 있다. 제시된 성능 메트릭은 NCS를 위한 최적화 문제를 도출하는데 사용이 되었으며, 이러한 최적화 문제의 목적 함수는 상태갱신주기의 제한 요소를 만족하는 확률이며 변수는 매체접근 확률로 표현되었다. 본 연구에서는 제시된 최적화 문제의 최적 매체접근 확률이 유일한 해를 가진다는 것을 증명하였다. 또한 NCS를 위한 최적의 매체접근 확률은 전송률을 극대화하는 기존의 매체접근 확률보다 낮다는 결론을 도출하였다. 성능 분석 결과를 통하여 시스템의 안정도가 상태갱신주기를 고려한 최적의 매체접근 확률을 사용하였을 때가 전송률을 최대화하는 매체접근 확률을 사용 했을 때 보다 높다는 점을 보였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.163-169
• /
• 2014

Using the classical cascade voltage control strategy, this paper proposes an analytical solution to an MPC (Model Predictive Control) problem with a hexagonal input constraint set for the inner-loop to regulate the output voltage of the UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply). Focus is placed on how to deal with the hexagonal input constraint set without any approximation. Following the conventional cascade voltage control strategy, the PI (Proportional-Integral) controller is used in the outer-loop in order to regulate the output voltage. The simulation results illustrate that the capacitor voltage rapidly goes to its reference in a satisfactory manner while keeping other state variables bounded under an unexpected load changes.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.64-71
• /
• 2012

In this paper, a parallel manipulator is comprised of two sliders and four links. Sliders execute a linear reciprocating motion depending on parallel guides and make the connected links rotate. A couple of links connected by sliders do coupling motion. The end-effector called a link tip has orientation angle. Through the kinematics analysis of this manipulator, we found displacement, velocity and acceleration using direct and inverse kinematics. We used equations that derived from this analysis and determined five constraint conditions. These conditions had much to do with rotation states of links, the relative relation of link length and coupling motion state. To verify those, we suggest a new algorithm regarding constraint conditions of a manipulator. With the result which performed the algorithm, we found out that operation range of coupled links was limited by relative relation of link length and that manipulator was not able to carry out a series of link motion, in case of being the link vertical between two parallel guides.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.469-474
• /
• 2004

본 논문에서는 비 홀로노믹적인 구속조건을 갖는 수중 이동체의 위치 및 자세제어에 관한 제어기법에 대해서 논의한다. 비 홀로노믹시스템은 적분 불가능한 구속조건으로부터 도출되어지는 시스템으로 연속시간영역의 피드백제어로는 평형점에서의 안정화제어가 불가능한 특성을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 속도의 비 홀로노믹 구속조건을 가지는 수중 이동체에 대하여 체인드폼으로 변환하고 변환된 시스템에 대해 백스테핑 제어기법을 적용하여 자세제어를 행하였으며 수치시뮬레이션을 통하여 제어기법의 유용성을 평가하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제13권11호
• /
• pp.5489-5511
• /
• 2019

The performance of evolutionary algorithms can be seriously weakened when constraints limit the feasible region of the search space. In this paper we present a constrained multi-objective optimization algorithm based on adaptive ε-truncation (ε-T-CMOA) to further improve distribution and convergence of the obtained solutions. First of all, as a novel constraint handling technique, ε-truncation technique keeps an effective balance between feasible solutions and infeasible solutions by permitting some excellent infeasible solutions with good objective value and low constraint violation to take part in the evolution, so diversity is improved, and convergence is also coordinated. Next, an exponential variation is introduced after differential mutation and crossover to boost the local exploitation ability. At last, the improved crowding density method only selects some Pareto solutions and near solutions to join in calculation, thus it can evaluate the distribution more accurately. The comparative results with other state-of-the-art algorithms show that ε-T-CMOA is more diverse than the other algorithms and it gains better in terms of convergence in some extent.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.84-91
• /
• 2002

A new composite control method for a carriage balancing single inverted pendulum system is proposed and applied to swing up the pendulum and to stabilize it under the state constraint. The target inverted pendulum system has an extremely limited length of the cart(below 16cm). The proposed swing-up controller comprises a sliding mode control algorithm and an optimal control algorithm based on two regions: the region near the inverted unstable equilibrium position and the rest of the state space including the downward stable equilibrium position. The sliding mode controller uses a switching control action to converge along the specified path(hyperplane) derived from energy equation from a state around the path to desired state(standing position). An optimal control method is also used to guarantee the stability at unstable equilibrium position. Compared with the reported controllers, it is simpler and easier to implement. Experimental results are given to show the effectiveness of this controller.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제24권12호
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2007

In this paper, the gain scheduled state feedback and disturbance feedforward control design proposed in the previous paper has been applied to a simple matching system and a turret stabilization system. In such systems, it is needed to attenuate disturbance response effectively as long as control input satisfies the given constraint on its magnitude. The scheduled control gains are derived in the framework of linear matrix inequality(LMI) optimization by means of the MatLab toolbox. Its effectiveness is verified along with the simulation results compared with the conventional optimum constant gain control and the scheduled state feedback control cases.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 1993년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국내학술편); Seoul National University, Seoul; 20-22 Oct. 1993
• /
• pp.498-503
• /
• 1993

In this paper, a robust and reliable H$_{\infty}$ control problem is considered for linear uncertain systems with time-varying norm-bounded uncertainty in the state matrix, which performs well despite of actuator outages. Using linear static state feedback and the quadratic stabilization with H$_{\infty}$-norm bound, a robust and reliable H$_{\infty}$ controller is obtained that stabilizes the plant and guarantees an H$_{\infty}$-norm bound constraint on disturbance attenuation for all admissible uncertainties and normal state as well as faulty state of actuators. It provides a sufficient condition for robust and reliable stabilization with H$_{\infty}$-norm bound. Reliability is guaranteed provided actuator outages only occur within a prespecified subset of actuators.tors.