• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7453-7457
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• 2014

Objective: To observe the efficacy and toxicity of nanoparticle albumin bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) plus platinum agent (cisplatin or carboplatin) as first line treatment for stage III/IV squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Forty chemotherapy naive patients with stage III/IV squamous NSCLC received nab-paclitaxel $125mg/m^2$ on day 1 and day 8, cisplatin $75mg/m^2$ on day 1, carboplatin area under the concentration-time curve of 5 (AUC=5) on day 1. One cycle of treatment was 3 weeks, and at least two were completed in each case. Results: Of the 40 patients who participated in the study, 25 achieved partial responses (PR), 12 reached a stage of stable disease (SD), and 3 suffered progressive disease (PD). The overall response rate (ORR) was 62.5% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 92.5%. Of the 20 patients without surgery or radiotherapy, 10 achieved PR, 7 reached a stage of SD, and 3 PD. The ORR was 50.0% and the DCR was 85.0%. The median progression-free survival time (PFS) of patients without surgery or radiotherapy was 5.0 months. Of the 20 patients receiving surgery or radiotherapy, 15 had PR and 5 p had SD, with an ORR of 75.0% and a DCR of 85.0%. Specifically, the DDP arm demonstrated a significantly higher ORR than the CBP arm (100%vs 54.5%, P<0.05). Common treatment related adverse events were myelosuppression, gastrointestinal response, baldness and neurotoxicity, most of which were grade 1 to 2. Conclusion: Nab-paclitaxel plus platinum agent (cisplatin or carboplatin) is effective as a first-line chemotheraphy for stage III/IV squamous NSCLC, and its adverse effects are tolerable.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.795-799
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• 2013

Ku70/80 heterodimer is a central element in the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair pathway, Ku80 playing a key role in regulating the multiple functions of Ku proteins. It has been found that the Ku80 protein located at telomeres is a major contributor to radiosensitivity in some telomerase positive human cancer cells. However, in ALT human osteosarcoma cells, the precise function in radiosensitivity and telomere maintenance is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Ku80 depletion in the U2OS ALT cell line cell line. Suppression of Ku80 expression was performed using a vector-based shRNA and stable Ku80 knockdown in cells was verified by Western blotting. U2OS cells treated with shRNA-Ku80 showed lower radiobiological parameters (D0, Dq and SF2) in clonogenic assays. Furthermore, shRNA-Ku80 vector transfected cells displayed shortening of the telomere length and showed less expression of TRF2 protein. These results demonstrated that down-regulation of Ku80 can sensitize ALT cells U2OS to radiation, and this radiosensitization is related to telomere length shortening.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.243-249
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• 2008

Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) mediates various responses to stress through CRF receptors 1 and 2. CRF receptor 2 has two forms, $2{\alpha}$ and $2{\beta}$ each of which appears to have distinct roles. Here we used dopaminergic neuron-derived MN9D cells to investigate the function of CRF receptor 2 in dopamine neurons. We found that n-butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, induced MN9D cell differentiation and increased gene expression of all CRF receptors. CRF receptor $2{\beta}$ was minimally expressed in MN9D cells; however, its expression dramatically increased during differentiation. CRF receptor $2{\beta}$ expression levels appeared to correlate with neurite outgrowth, suggesting CRF receptor $2{\beta}$ involvement in neuronal differentiation. To validate this statement, we made a CRF receptor $2{\beta}$-overexpressing $MN9D/CRFR2{\beta}$ stable cell line. This cell line showed robust neurite outgrowth and GAP43 overexpression, together with MEK and ERK activation, suggesting MN9D cell neuronal differentiation. From these results, we conclude that CRF receptor $2{\beta}$ plays an important role in MN9D cell differentiation by activating the MEK/ERK signaling pathway.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.895-901
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• 2013

Resistance to induction of apoptosis is a major obstacle for bladder cancer treatment. Bcl-2 is thought to be involved in anti-apoptotic signaling. In this study, we investigated the effect of Bcl-2 overexpression on apoptotic resistance and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in bladder cancer cells. A stable Bcl-2 overexpression cell line, BIU87-Bcl-2, was constructed from human bladder cancer cell line BIU87 by transfecting recombinant Bcl-2 [pcDNA3.1(+)-Bcl-2]. The sensitivity of transfected cells to adriamycin (ADR) was assessed by MTT assay. Apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry and acridine orange fluorescence staining. Intracellular ROS was determined using flow cytometry, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were also investigated by the xanthinoxidase and visible radiation methods using SOD and CAT detection kits. The susceptibility of BIU87-Bcl-2 cells to ADR treatment was significantly decreased as compared with control BIU87 cells. Enhanced expression of Bcl-2 inhibited intracellular ROS generation following ADR treatment. Moreover, the suppression of SOD and CAT activity induced by ADR treatment was blocked in the BIU87-Bcl-2 case but not in their parental cells. The overexpression of Bcl-2 renders human bladder cancer cells resistant to ADR-induced apoptosis and ROS might act as an important secondary messenger in this process.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.558-562
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• 2006

Although secondary batteries, called rechargeable batteries, are very important energy elements in modern society, their application is hindered by the typical nonlinear and irreversible characteristics. Precise monitoring of the state of health(SOH) for each battery cell on line is crucial for stable operation and proper management of them. This paper proposes diagnostic method of the SOH for a battery cell on line without interruption on its operation nor bad effect on its life. This paper practically diagnoses on 120 industrial batteries and provides some guide lines to decide whether to exchange or not.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.181-185
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• 2003

Callus and suspension cultures derived from leaf explants of Plumbago rosea were established on Murashige and Skoog's medium containing 1 mg/L IAA, 0.5 mg/L NAA and 0.3 mg/L BAP. Callus cultures were tested for their growth and accumulation of plumbagin, a naphthoquinone and was identified by $^1H$ NMR and electron ionization mass spectroscopy. While auxins (not 2,4-D) influenced growth and plumbagin accumulation, cytokinins did not influence them much. Increasing concentrations of IAA in presence of NAA and BAP increased plumbagin in suspensions only up to 1 mg/L. Growth of callus was optimum (8.3 g DCW/I) at a hormonal combination of 1.5 mg/L IAA, 0.5 mg/L NAA and 0.3 mg/L BAP, but high plumbagin accumulation (4.9 mg/g DCW) was recorded at 1.0 mg/L IAA plus 0.3 mg/L BAP. Since instability in growth and secondary metabolite accumulation was noticed, several cell lines/clumps of callus were screened for plumbagin accumulation by visual and analytical methods. Biomass and accumulation of plumbagin showed a negative correlation in several cell lines. But one cell line showed stability both in terms of biomass and plumbagin accumulation over a period of 6 months.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9159-9164
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• 2014

Background: In this study eugenol (EU) loaded nanoemulsions (NEs) emulsified with modified starch were prepared and their apoptotic potential against liver and colon cancer cells was examined in comparison with bulk EU. Materials and Methods: We prepared stable EU loaded NEs whcih were characterized by dynamic light scattering, centrifugation and gas chromatography. Furthermore, cell viability was determined using MTT assay, and apoptosis and cell cycle analysess by flow cytometry. Results: HB8065 (liver) and HTB37 (colon) cells when treated with EU:CA NEs demonstrated greater apoptotic cells percentages as evidenced by microscopic images and flow cytometric evaluations. It was observed that EU and EU:CA NE induced apoptosis in both cell lines via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that ROS plays a critical role in EU and EU:CA NE induced apoptosis in HB8065 and HTB37 cells. This is the first report on the antiproliferative mechanisms of EU loaded NE.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.389-396
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• 1993

An Actinomycetes strain JB isolated from Mt. Hanla had a strong antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria and tumor cell growth inhibition. Especially, it couldn't degrade starch and casein as organic compounds. It was resist on lincomycin and rifampicin. The spore mass of strain JB which was arethrospore was white. DAP of the cell wall was L, L-DAP. Antimicrobial material was heat stable, dissolved in ethyl acetate, and not dissolved in butanol. In the pressnce of 0.1% phenol and 4% sodium chloride, strain JB could grow, but it didn't growth at below $10^{\circ}C$. Strain JB didn't use dextran, sodium acetate and sodium citrate as sole carbon source and L-cystein and L-thereonine as nitrogen source. The filtered broth of strain JB had the antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 65389) and the growth inhibition of tumor cell line.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.4983-4988
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• 2013

Objectives: To establish a taxol-resistant cell line of human ovarian carcinoma (A2780/Taxol) and investigate its biological features. Methods: The drug-resistant cell line (A2780/Taxol) was established by continuous stepwise selection with increasing concentrations of Taxol. Cell morphology was assessed by microscopy and growth curves were generated with in vitro and in vivo tumor xenograft models. With rhodamine123 (Rh123) assays, cell cycle distribution and the apoptotic rate were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Drug resistance-related and signal associated proteins, including P-gp, MRPs, caveolin-1, PKC-${\alpha}$, Akt, ERK1/2, were detected by Western blotting. Results: A2780/Taxol cells were established with stable resistance to taxol. The drug resistance index (RI) was 430.7. Cross-resistance to other drugs was also shown, but there was no significant change to radioresistance. Compared with parental cells, A2780/Taxol cells were significantly heteromorphous, with a significant delay in population doubling time and reduced uptake of Rh123 (p<0.01). In vivo, tumor take by A2780 cells was 80%, and tumor volume increased gradually. In contrast, with A2780/Taxol cells in xenograft models there was no tumor development. FCM analysis revealed that A2780/Taxol cells had a higher percentage of G0/G1 and lower S phase, but no changes of G2 phase and the apoptosis rate. Expression of P-gp, MRP1, MRP2, BCRP, LRP, caveolin-1, PKC-${\alpha}$, Phospho-ERK1/2 and Phospho-JNK protein was significantly up-regulated, while Akt and p38 MARK protein expression was not changed in A2780/Taxol cells. Conclusion: The A2780/Taxol cell line is an ideal model to investigate the mechanism of muti-drug resistance related to overexpression of drug-resistance associated proteins and activation of the PKC-${\alpha}/ERK$ (JNK) signaling pathway.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.371-377
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• 1998

We have cloned a soluble type human folate receptor(hFR type${\gamma}$) from human thymus cDNA library using the PCR amplification technique. To examine whether hFR type${\gamma}$ has a folate transport activity, CHO cells were transfected with the pcDNAhFR${\gamma}$ expression plasmid, and the stable cell line CHO/hFR${\gamma}$ expressing a high level of the hFR type${\gamma}$ was identified by northern and western blot analysis. The CHO/hFR${\gamma}$ cells produced a [$H^3$]folic acid binding protein in the culture medium. However, we couldn't detect any cell surface [$H^3$] folic acid binding and transport activities. The growth of the CHO/hFR${\gamma}$ cells was more rapidly inhibited than the wild type CHO cells in the low concentration folic acid media. These observations indicate that although soluble type human folate receptor can bind [$H^3$]folate, it does not involve in folate transport.