• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2011

In order to solve the current shortage of parking spaces, and redesign the main gate area of the U University, the research investigated some cases of other schools located in Seoul which actively constructed multi-purpose building structures. Those schools are considered to be good samples showing their efforts to fulfill the needs of more parking spaces in their campuses, and to cover with the growing needs of multi-functioned facilities accommodating services of academic affairs, reading room spaces, and amenities. With the investigation, the research finded out the current trends of campus developments from the sample schools, such as underground parking facilities connected with multi-purpose buildings along the main arteries of campuses. Following the trends the research thoroughly examined the present conditions of our school and tried to make some possible alternatives for the facilities. Under the conditions, the research suggested 1)to construct underground parking lots accepting around 1,000 cars under the ivory tower square located in front of University Administration Building, 2)to develop a big-scaled open square at the university main gate, and 3)to build a multi-purpose structure along the main street of the campus, which included administration services, studying spaces, and some commercial facilities.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.20-32
• /
• 2008

The study shows a method called a square-inventory method, which is a better and faster method than scanline survey and window method for an analysis of slope stability. The study area is located in the Changri area, Boeun-Gun, Chungbuk, and consists of many formations of the Okcheon Supergroup. Various types of failure are observed from the phyllite including the rocks in the study area. The physical properties of meta-sedimentary rocks are that minerals of the rocks are composed of microcrystalline quartz and sericite, which are arranged parallel to bedding (or schistosity) and crenulation cleavage. Therefore, such properties affect geotechnical ones of the rock. The slope stability are analyzed by selecting 3 areas, each of which are divided into 2 or 3 slopes of $1m{\times}1m$ area that represent each of 3 investigation sites. The possibility of wedge and toppling failure is very high in all 3 areas by using square-inventory method. Although possibility of plane failure is weak in the investigation site 2, the plane failures are frequently found from the slope of site 2. The bedding (or schistosity) plane and cleavage, another types of discontinuity coexist in meta-sedimentary rocks uulike igneous rocks, and therefore are important factors to be considered together with joint structures in th ε analysis of slope stability.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.30-35
• /
• 2005

Repeated ribs are used on heat exchanger surfaces to promote turbulence and to enhance convective heat transfer. Applications include fuel rods of gas-cooled nuclear reactors, inside cavities of turbine blades, and internal surfaces pipes used in heat exchangers. Despite the great number of literature papers, only few experimental data concerns detailed distributions of friction factors and heat transfer coefficients in square channels varying the number of rough walls. This issue was tackled by investigating effects of different number of ribbed walls on heat transfer and friction characteristics in square channel. The rough wall had a $45^{\circ}$ inclined square rib. Uniform heat flux was maintained on the whole inner heat transfer channel area. The heat transfer coefficient and friction factor values increased with increasing the number of rough walls.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.619-625
• /
• 2008

Urban sewer systems are designed to operate in open-channel flow regime and energy loss at square manholes is usually not significant. However, the energy loss at surcharged manholes is considered as one of the major causes of inundation in urban area. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the head loss associated with manholes, especially in surcharged flow. Hydraulic experimental apparatus which can change the manhole inner profile(CASE I, II, III, and IV) and the invert types(CASE A, B, C) were installed for this study. The experimental discharge was $16{\ell}/sec$. As the ratio of b/D(manhole width/inflow pipe diameter) increases, head loss coefficient increases due to strong horizontal swirl motion. The head loss coefficients for CASE I, II, III, and IV were 0.46, 0.38, 0.28 and 0.37, respectively. Side covers increase considerably drainage capacity at surcharged square manhole when the ratio of d/D(side cover diameter/inflow pipe diameter) was 1.0. The head loss coefficients for CASE A, B, and C were 0.45, 0.37, and 0.30, respectively. Accordingly, U-invert is the most effective for energy loss reduction at surcharged square manhole. This head loss coefficients could be available to evaluate the urban sewer system with surcharged flow.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.29 no.3 s.234
• /
• pp.340-348
• /
• 2005

Repeated ribs are used on heat exchange surfaces to promote turbulence and enhance convective heat transfer. Applications include fuel rods of gas-cooled nuclear reactors, inside cavities of turbine blades, and internal surfaces pipes used in heat exchangers. Despite the great number of literature papers, only few experimental data concern detailed distributions of friction factors and heat transfer coefficients in square channels varying the number of rough walls. This issue is tackled by investigating effects of different number of ribbed walls on heat transfer and friction characteristics in square channel. The rough wall have a $45{\circ}C$ inclined square rib. Uniform heat flux is maintained on whole inner heat transfer channel area. The heat transfer coefficient and friction factor values increase with increasing the number of rough walls.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.26 no.7
• /
• pp.837-846
• /
• 2017

This study aimed to investigate the dilapidated Fine View Square located in the city of Gangneung and analyze problems for building it into a sustainable space under an effective management plan. Further to creating an ecological base for restoring the natural circulation, a restorative method for the damaged area, a spatial assignment by the UNESCO's Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB), and an urban ecological park, we not only wanted to provide an environment that is citizen friendly, but also a practical and realizable project to connect with the various methods and programs mentioned above, while utilizing the Ministry of the Environment 's ecosystem conservation fund. In conclusion, we found that it would be possible to contribute to building an urban ecological park the Ministry of Environment proposed while restoring the lost natural circulation in Gyodong Square in the city of Gangneung and ecological soundness of the city along with the reduced heat island effect and the increased biological diversity and Ecological Soundness.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.101-107
• /
• 2018

In the stripping scan square wave voltammetry (SV+SWV) polarography that is often used to analyze the concentration of heavy metals in water, we must measure the point where the faradic current that flows by the pure oxidation-reduction reaction at the electrode is greater than the capacitive current, the frequency cannot be too high. Therefore we wanted to find the frequency range that can be measured. In order to do this, we came up with a method to analyze the signal using FPGA Soc. With this method, the frequency of the square wave was increased from 10Hz to 400Hz by 10Hz, and the measuring time of the square wave was changed from 96.695% to 96.765% by 0.005% while 1600 experiments were conducted. As a result, the frequency of the square wave maintained a stable area of potential-current within 320Hz and it was possible to measure the potential-current signal when calculating the measuring time within the frequency range of 96.7155%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.61-72
• /
• 2009

This study aims to analyze the current situation of and issues in the structure of urban neighborhood parks and park facility installation in cities in Gyeonggi-do. Then, based on its findings, plans to improve the space structure of the parks were examined and suggested to raise the city environment improvement function and green area base function of urban parks and fully satisfy users' needs for pleasant rest, recreation and cultural activities. The findings showed that, within parks, the area of grass where access was restricted reached about 24.4% in average. In other words, only 75.6% of total park area could be freely used by park visitors. As for an improvement plan, the grass area where access is limited may be converted into a gras area that can be freely used to raise the park use area, which currently stands only at 75.6%, to 100%. The result of cross analysis through Chi-Square Test regarding lawn use as well as regarding (dis)agreement with reduction of lawn, based on the investigation of cognition, showed a significant agreement of park users with reduction of green areas. Therefore it is considered that lawn space must be reduced according the result of the analysis, to set up plans for facility space that would meet the desires of users. The analysis of user behaviors revealed that many of them used square spaces and walks; therefore it is considered that re-structuring of space is necessary according to local characteristics. This study also made some policy suggestion. urban parks must be a base of city green areas to counter climate changes. When developing a park creation plan, a user demand survey must be conducted in advance. In addition. grass construction methods should be improved to tolerate foot pressure.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.83-88
• /
• 1987

An analytic expression for equivalent square fields and a table are derived using the empirical representations obtained from the measured field size dependence of output for square field in a phantom. The expression is applicable to radiation fields that consistent with the following two assumptions Imposed on these representations. 1) It is a linear function of the logarithm of the field area, and 2) It is approximately the same function for both square and circular field of similar areas. In this paper, the derived tables and BJR table were consulted.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.197-202
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we proposed an analytical model for TFT which has series of the polycrystalline structures. An average speed is defined as carrier speed by the electric field. The effective square is suggested as the area of grain without depletion for the changed grain size. First, physical parameters such as grain size, channel lenght and trap density, have been changed to prove the validity of the average speed model and the value of the effective square has been estimated through drain-source current.