• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.329-337
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• 2013

This is a case report of a tracheostomized 80-year-old man suffering from sputum after stroke. His symptoms were watery sputum production requiring frequent sputum suction. The subject was diagnosed as having a deficiency of spleen qi and was treated with Gami-ijung-tang, Yukgunja-tang, Soeumin Bojungikgi-tang, and Ijin-tang extract in the herbal prescription known to dispell Dam-eum (phlegm-retained fluid). Frequency of ssputum suction and condition of sputum were checked everyday. Gamiijung-tang, Soeumin Bojungikgi-tang with Ijin-tang extract led to improvement by reducing sputum secretion. There were limitations on frequency of suction and condition of sputum which were thought to be derived from tracheostomy, however. Consequently, pathology and treatment of sputum will be different whether tracheostomy was performed or not.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.11.1-11.10
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• 2021

Coronavirus causes an infectious disease in various species and crosses the species barriers leading to the outbreak of zoonotic diseases. Due to the respiratory diseases are mainly caused in humans and viruses are replicated and excreted through the respiratory tract, the nasal fluid and sputum are mainly used for diagnosis. Early diagnosis of coronavirus plays an important role in preventing its spread and is essential for quarantine policies. For rapid decision and prompt triage of infected host, the immunochromatographic assay (ICA) has been widely used for point of care testing. However, when the ICA is applied to an expectorated sputum in which antigens are present, the viscosity of sputum interferes with the migration of the antigens on the test strip. To overcome this limitation, it is necessary to use a mucolytic agent without affecting the antigens. In this study, we combined known mucolytic agents to lower the viscosity of sputum and applied that to alpha and beta coronavirus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), respectively, spiked in sputum to find optimal pretreatment conditions. The pretreatment method using tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) and BSA was suitable for ICA diagnosis of sputum samples spiked with PEDV and MERS-CoV. This sensitive assay for the detection of coronavirus in sputum provides an useful information for the diagnosis of pathogen in low respiratory tract.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 1991

In order to evaluate the role of cytopathologic diagnosis of sputum, bronchial washing and bronchial blushing in the diagnosis of lung cancer, we performed this study. The patients included in this study had undergone sputum, bronchial washing and brushing cytology over the 20-month period of 1985 through 1987. The total number of specimens was 5,495 of 2,242 patients, including 4,830 sputa and 665 bronchial washing and brushings. The average number of sputa and bronchial washings and brushings per case was 2.4 and 1.2 respectively. Among them, about 10% were unsatisfactory specimen, and three-fourths were negative specimens. In sputum cytology, the diagnosis of "atypical cells" was given to 3%, "suspicious for malignancy" was given to 1 %, and "malignancy" was given to 13%. In bronchial washing and brushing cytology, the diagnosis of "atypical cells", "suspicious for malignancy" and malignancy" was given to 6%, 3%, and 20% respectively The cases diagnosed as "atypical cells" in cytology were actually malignancy in 95% and 84.8% of sputum and bronchial washing and brushings respectively, and the "suspicious for malignancy" were actually malignancy in 100% in both methods. The detection rates of malignancy were 504% and 55.2% in sputum and bronchial washing and blushing respectively, and the specificity was 100% in both methods. The accuracy of cell typing was 92% in sputum and 89.7% in bronchial washing and blushing.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제69권5호
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• pp.368-374
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• 2010

Background: Rhinolaryngoscopy and sputum examination are popular tests for the evaluation of chronic cough. Little is known about the relationship between symptoms and rhinolaryngoscopic findings or sputum eosinophilia in chronic cough patients. Methods: One hundred patients, who had chronic cough with normal chest radiography and who also had undergone both rhinolaryngoscopy and induced sputum analysis, were reviewed retrospectively. Eleven associated symptoms of chronic cough were asked; postnasal drip (PND) and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) were examined by rhinolaryngoscopy. Induced sputum analysis was performed for evaluation of sputum eosinophilia. Cross tabulation analyses with chi-square tests were used to evaluate the relationship between symptoms and objective findings. Results: The most frequent symptom was sputum (70%). The prevalence of PND and LPR on rhinolaryngoscopy were 56% (56/100) and 25.6% (22/86), respectively. Sputum eosinophilia was observed in 23 (23.7%) of 97 patients. The dyspnea (p=0.001), sputum (p=0.003), nasal obstruction (p=0.023), and postnasal drip sense (p=0.025) were related with PND on rhinolaryngoscopy. LPR on rhinolaryngoscopy was not related with any symptoms. Dyspnea (p=0.003), wheezing (p=0.005), nasal obstruction (p=0.013), and belching (p=0.018) were related with sputum eosinophilia. Conclusion: Any symptoms might not be related with LPR on laryngoscopy. Some symptoms might be related with PND on rhinoscopy or with sputum eosinophilia.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.248-252
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• 2000

The subject was a 70-year-old man who was suffering from productive cough after stroke. His symptoms were night cough, thick sputum production, reddened tongue and night sweat. The subject was diagnosed as having a deficiency of Yin, and was treated with Chungsangboha-tang(Qingshangbuxia-tang). A decrease in the severity of the subject's cough and sputum were observed, and $O_2$ saturation increased. In this case Chungsangboha-tang(Qingshangbuxia-tang) was effective on the patient with night cough, thick sputum production, reddened tongue and night sweat due to deficiency of Yin after stroke.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2002

Spinal Muscular Atrophy(SMA) is characterized by degeneration of the anterior horn cells leading to symmetrical muscle weakness and wasting of voluntary muscles. Depending on the age of onset, the maximum muscular activity achieved, and survivorship, 3 types of SMA are recognized: SMA type I=Werdnig-Hoffman disease; SMA type II=an intermediate form; SMA type III = Wohlfart-Kugelberg-Welander disease. We report on a 10-month-old male patient with SMA type II complained cough and sputum. We treated with Bopejungchungtang for his cough and sputum. After administration of Bopejunchungtang cough and sputum decreased and almost disappeared.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.100-104
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• 1993

Sputum smears of 116 cases in 55 pulmonary tuberculosis patients with the demonstration of acid-fast bacilli in sputum were retrospectively reviewed to investigate the cytologic diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in sputum. Epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells of Langhans or nonspecific type, or necrotic materials of caseation or nonspecific nature were found in 40% of the cases, but in 60% of the cases, only nonspecific findings including squamous metaplasia were found. Only in 6% of the cases, the cytologic diagnosis of tuberculosis was possible with the findings of epithelioid cells and muitlnucleated giant cells in a necrotic background.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.753-762
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• 2017

Objectives: We conducted this study to report the clinical effects of Sibak-tang (Saiboku-to) in an elderly patient suffering from sputum and dysphagia after conventional treatment for pneumonia. Methods: The Sibak-tang was administered to the patient to treat sputum and dysphagia. The results were assessed by measuring the frequency of the sputum and conducting a videofluoroscopic swallowing study. Results: After about three weeks of herbal medicine treatments, the patient's symptoms of respiratory problems improved. The results of the videofluoroscopic swallowing study were also improved. Conclusion: Sibak-tang could be an effective treatment for elderly patients suffering from sputum and dysphagia after conventional treatment for pneumonia.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.163-175
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• 2016

Objectives It is important to care aftereffects of the tuberculosis such as cough and sputum especially for the old. The purpose of this study is to report a case which showed symptoms improvement after treatment with Hyungbangjihwang-tang.Methods To evaluate the results of this treatment, Decrease of cough and sputum was assessed by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). The patient`s oral intake and body weight were measured.Results The patient who suffered with cough and sputum after tuberculosis developed high fever and pleural effusion of unknown origin. After treatment with western and oriental medicine, high fever and pleural effusion were subsided but cough and sputum got worse and body weight was decreased after high fever and pleural effusion. So we prescribed Hyungbangjihwang-tang and then the symptoms of the patient were improved.Conclusions This study suggests that using Sasang constitutuional medical treatment is effective for Soyangin patient with afftereffects of the tuberculosis such as cough and sputum.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the automated TB-PCR assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The 807 cases were analyzed with their TB-PCR, AFB smear and culture in bronchial washing fluids, sputum and body fluids samples. The TB-PCR positive of the bronchial washing fluid, sputum and body fluids were 11.3%, 7.3% and 3.6%, respectively, in cases of AFB smear-negative and culture-negative. The sensitivity values of the bronchial washing fluid, sputum and body fluids were 93.3%, 100% and 50%, respectively, according to the culture result. The sensitivity of body fluids was lower than that of the bronchial washing fluid and sputum. The specificity values of the bronchial washing fluid, sputum and body fluids were 83.3%, 89.0% and 95.7%, respectively, according to the culture result. In conclusion, the automated TB-PCR assay proved to be a useful method for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the bronchial washing fluid and sputum. But we think that there is still a need for us to study body fluids further.