• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.529-537
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to validate the mediating effects involvement between service quality and satisfaction in children's pool. For the purpose, survey was conducted. 450 samples were collected, and 430 data were used for final analysis. Data processing was made factor analysis, correlation analysis, structure equation model analysis via SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 7.0 programs. Study findings are as follows: First, among the factors of service quality, only the facilities factor was effective to involvement. Second, among the factors of children's pool service quality, program and facilities factors were effective to satisfaction. Third, involvement of children's pool was effective to satisfaction. Fourth, involvement had a mediating effect on the effect of facilities factor on satisfaction.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.154-162
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• 2016

Extracurricular activities are voluntary participations that students engage in outside of classrooms. This study aimed to determine Korean pharmacy students' degree of involvement in extracurricular activities, motivations behind participation, and influences from those engagements. The study was performed as a voluntary online survey to pharmacy students in four pharmacy schools in Korea and a total of 188 students participated. Sixty-one percent and 34% of students reported that they were involved in at least one extracurricular activities in-school, and out-of-school, respectively. Areas with most involvements were arts/music/sports (73%), followed by volunteer activities (31%). Thirty two percent responded that they have been involved in research internships, followed by 15% and 10% in pharmaceutical company and community pharmacy internships, respectively. For motivations behind involvement, students indicated that their involvement was for hobby (72%) and networking (38%). In conclusion, while Korean pharmacy students actively engage in extracurricular activities, the range of activities was limited in scope, and most students were involved in extracurricular activities as hobbies rather than for career exploration. Opportunities for student involvement in various pharmacy professional organizations and internships in the pharmacy work setting would provide valuable experiences for pharmacy students in their professional development as a pharmacist.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.291-308
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to suggest an effective marketing method for product advertising. With regards to this, 148 copies of survey data were collected from consumers, and the hypothesis of this study was verified using SPSS 25.0. The results revealed that (1) Human Brand attractiveness had a positive effect on Human Brand attachment among the products of low involvement. (2) The uniqueness and the intimacy of Human Brand had a positive effect on Human Brand attachment among the products of high involvement. Through this study, the effect of reliability, expertise, attractiveness, uniqueness, and intimacy among human brand characteristics on human brand attachment, human brand attitude, and product purchase intention was confirmed, and it was also possible to confirm the difference in influence on human brand characteristics and purchase intention according to the product characteristics involved. This study has expanded the research scope of Human Brand, which has been studied mainly by entertainers and entrepreneurs, to sports stars and through empirical analysis, it has tried to identify influencing factors to improve purchasing intent based on high and low-contention characteristics of advertising products.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.830-839
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of sport sponsorship on the advertising effectiveness by distinguishing products of high sponsorship products from low sponsorship products. For this study, 450 samples who directly spectated their game were selected using convenience sampling method, finally 426 data were used except data which didn't respond or trustlessly responded. Data was collected through questionnaires. Data was analyzed through PASW 19.0 version frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, independent sample t-test analysis, one-way ANOVA analysis paired sample t-test analysis was performed. All tests were performed using a .05 significance level. The results are as follows. First, This is the Result of T-test between brand effectiveness and gender. There is a non difference between male and female. Second, The results showed that there was statistically significant difference between the low perception perceived quality and low perceived sponsor familiarity according to current level of Education. Thirdly, This is the Result of T-test between low involvement perceptual quality, low sponsor friendly image and high involvement perceptual quality, high sponsor friendly image. There is a difference.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.9
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• pp.139-163
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• 2002

While the corporate practice of sponsoring major events has existed since the turn of the century, it has only recently become one of the fastest growing areas of advertising and promotion. Despite its long history and recent growth, however, event sponsorship has yet to receive the same kinds of rigorous theoretical and methodological attention that marketing researchers have devoted to other areas of advertising and promotion. Also, the recent Olympic Games in Sydney serve as excellent showcase of the sponsorship phenomenon. On the hand it becomes very clear that an event of such magnitude cannot take place without the commercial support of the sponsors. At the same time, there is a growing concern that the Olympic Games are losing their spirit and are over-commercialized because of the excessive sponsorship-linked marketing activities. At the centre of the debate is the impact and the reaction of the consumers to the growing use of sponsorship to stage major events. While the Olympic Games might be an extreme example of the growth and impact of sponsorship, the proliferation of the phenomenon is widespread across other sports events as well as other cultural and community based events. But a comprehensive model of sponsorship is not currently available in the literature. This research is the aim of the current research to investigate consumer attitude constructs towards sponsorship such as sport involvement, attitude towards the event, attitude towards commercialization. The results still have potentially significant applied and theoretical implication. First, This investigation is the first known effort, grounded in consumer behavior theory, to model antecedent variables believed to influence consumer response to event sponsorship in Korea. Second, these findings are in line with previous research, as sports involvement attitude towards the event, and attitude towards commercialization are found to be significant influences on respondents' ability, motivation and opportunity to process sponsorship information, as well as directly and indirectly impacting emotional response.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.239-249
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze and compare the activating factors of domestic and overseas scuba diving resorts. Our delphi survey was conducted three times in 30 experts who involved in operation and management including scuba diving resort management representative and training team leader. As a result of comparing the activating factors at domestic versus overseas, it was found that common important activating factors included expansion of convenient facilities at public diving places, installation of safety and medical facilities for divers, development of first aid system including AED and oxygen ventilator, requirement of convenient facilities such as water lift and toilet in diving boat, installation of diving boat screw safety system, local boat operation guideline, regular course training program for scuba diving, employment of professional scuba diving instructor and guide, communication and promotion through various SNS portals, promotion by divers' word of mouth, involvement in regional Diving Resort Association, involvement in Korean Diving Association, communication and mutual benefit with local fishing villages, and linkage policy with local tourism industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2017

Cycling has become a popular leisure activity, and many cycling enthusiasts have used cycling clothes as a form of expression, which often comes in wide range of colors. The study shows the importance of color in cycling clothing to meet the emotional needs of consumers. Furthermore, this study aims to provide comparative analysis between color of domestic and overseas cycling clothing brands, and color preference of Korean consumers in order to provide data, which can be used in satisfying consumers' needs for personal expression and emotional demands. Thus, the study expects to identify consumers' satisfaction for cycling clothing. The consumers were categorized by the frequency of cycling and their interest in fashion, and the following categories were made:potential consumers, casual cyclists with low fashion involvement, casual cyclists with high fashion involvement and frequent cyclists with high fashion involvement. Consumers preferred dark colors for their cycling clothing including jacket, top and pants, while 'frequent cyclists with high fashion involvement' preferred more diverse colors and tones. In the cycling clothing market, white and black were major colors, while red, orange and blue were major colors of chromatic color. In terms of shade, dark shade dominated the market. Comparing between preferred color and preferred product color, black was preferred for both, but no other colors showed such tendency. This study is based on empirical analysis and verification of color, which is the emotional element appealing to specific and segmented sports-apparel market. The study revealed that the data could be applicable to the design of future products.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.21
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• pp.114-146
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to explore and explain how organization-public relations influence organizational reputation, accounted for by the moderating effect of level of involvement. For this purpose, a survey was conducted to 100 residents in a metropolitan city of Korea with the following five Korean organizations studied: two Korean domestic companies, a sports association, a non-profit organization, and a multinational company. Results of multiple regression analysis indicated that organization-public relationships and publics' level of involvement were significant predictors to account for organizational reputation by non-chance amount, and that level of involvement played a moderating variable role between organization-public relationships and organizational reputation.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.454-462
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• 1996

With the increase of population, dramatic urbanization, traffic, leisure and sports, the number of maxillofacial injury has increased markedly. Subsequently the number of motor vehicle accident, sports accident and industrial accident were increased and the number of oral and maxillofacial trauma patients were also markedly increased. A clinical study on 177 patients with facial bone fracture who visited Kangnam General Hospital during 4 years(1992-1995) was done by analysing sex, cause, fracture site, treatment method, complication and involvement of other body part. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The occurrence was more frequent in male than in female with the ratio of 4.2 : 1 and most frequently in twenties. 2. Violence was the most common cause of facial bone fracture. 3. Mandible was the most frequently occurred site and there were more cases of simple fracture(81.9%) than cases of compound fracture. 4. Simple fracture was most frequently occurred(44.0%). 5. In mandible fracture, simple fracture was 86.1%, fracture site was average 1.5 sites, most frequently in symphysis. 6. As treatment methods, open reduction(78.5%) was used more frequently than closed reduction(21.5%). 7. Post-operative complication occurred in 29.4% of the cases. 8. Other injuries that were related to maxillofacial fracture occurred in 28.2%.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.9-17
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• 2023

Purpose: Intrinsic motivation can be affected by external factors and may not always be present in an employee. This study aims to shed light on the role of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in driving employee performance and to determine which type of motivation has a greater impact on performance. Additionally, the research seeks to understand the impact of motivation on different employee characteristics, such as age, gender, and job tenure. Research design, data and methodology: The present author has obtained textual data from the current literature dataset, However, focusing on mostly journal articles and published books because it could provide the justification of reliability and validity and help to collect solid previous studies which is logically categorized themes. Results: The findings of the present research are divided into four differences (Difference in Job Satisfaction, Difference in Job Involvement, Difference in Organizational Commitment, and Difference in Turnover Intention), each focusing on one aspect of employee performance: job satisfaction, job involvement, organizational commitment, and turnover intention. Conclusions: Organizations can use the differences in employee performance based on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to improve employee performance by recognizing the importance of intrinsic motivation, providing opportunities for employees to experience intrinsic motivation, and balancing extrinsic and intrinsic motivation.