• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2004

Two-dimensional laser visualization methods have been used in the study of breakup and atomization processes of non-evaporating diesel sprays. A single-hole spray injected into a quiescent atmospheric environment was visualized by the LIF(Laser Induced Fluorescence) and scattering technique. The LIF technique could be implemented to take the images which are magnified enough to show the shape of liquid ligaments and small droplets. The spontaneous scattering and fluorescent images of sprays were also taken to investigate the atomization of droplets. In the tip and periphery of a spray. the scattering light is bright and the ratio of fluorescent/scattering intensity is lower. This characteristics indicate the very high number density of small droplets which are well atomized.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.85-85
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• 2002

Lithiated transition metal oxides such as LiMn2O4, Lil-xMnO$_2$, LiNiO$_2$, LiCoO$_2$, and their solid solution phases are used as cathode materials for lithium rechargeable batteries. We prepared the cathode materials using a novel eutectic self-mixing method without any artificial mixing procedures. This method provides an extraordinarily simple way to make the cathode materials, and it is possible to prepare at very low temperature such as 25$0^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, the cathode materials produced have discharge capacities that are much better than cathode materials prepared by previously reported synthetic methods. The spontaneous and homogeneous mixing is verified by $^{7}$ Li magic-angle-spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 2017

Objectives: Insomnia is a common disease in the general population. The purpose of this paper was to suggest that insomnia subtype of blood stasis can be effectively treated with Danggwisu-san and acupuncture. Methods: This is a clinical case report of a patient with chronic insomnia that was diagnosed with blood stasis subtype. I treated him with Danggwisu-san (Dangguixu-san) two to three times daily and with acupuncture and moxibustion two to three times weekly. Results: After short-term treatment, the patient was gradually recovering from deteriorating chronic insomnia and multiple accompanying symptoms such as severe constipation, spontaneous bleeding and edema, darkened face, depressive moods, etc. Conclusions: Results revealed a possibility that chronic insomnia subtype of blood stasis may be successfully treated with Danggwisu-san and acupuncture and moxibustion.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.55-66
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• 2014

Purpose : The purpose of the study is to investigate the knowledge, attitude, confidence, and experiences of community health practitioner(CHP) regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR). Methods : The subjects were 333 CHP in G Province, C Province, and I Metropolitan City. A structured self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 209 participants from July 29, 2013 to September 30, 2013. Results : Confidence level toward CPR was intermediate, and knowledge and attitude level was very low. Seventeen participants performed CPR to cardiac arrest victim. Eleven patients among 25 patients had spontaneous recovery of circulation (ROSC). So the rate was very high. Conclusion : It is necessary to perform the efficient CPR in CHP. In order to improve the positive attitude and confidence in CHP, the renewal system must maintain every two years.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.183-190
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• 2021

We have revisited Monte Carlo radiative transfer calculations for clumpy molecular clouds. Instead of introducing a three-dimensional geometry to implement clumpy structure, we have made use of its stochastic properties in a one-dimensional geometry. Taking into account the reduction of spontaneous emission and optical depth due to clumpiness, we have derived the excitation conditions of clumpy clouds and compared them with those of three-dimensional calculations. We found that the proposed approach reproduces the excitation conditions in a way compatible to those from three-dimensional models, and reveals the dependencies of the excitation conditions on the size of clumps. When bulk motions are involved, the applicability of the approach is rather vague, but the one-dimensional approach can be an excellent proxy for more rigorous three-dimensional calculations.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.68-73
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• 2022

Thermoacoustic oscillations (TAOs) are spontaneous pressure oscillations frequently seen in hydrogen or helium cryogenic systems. Half-open tubes connected to cryogenic fluid with a closed room temperature end have a high potential for oscillation generation. Thermoacoustic oscillations will result in significant pressure fluctuations and additional heat load, endangering the security and stability of the cryogenic system. The goal of this paper is to investigate TAOs in superfluid helium using both theoretical and experimental methods. Five half-open tubes with varied typical inner diameters inserted into superfluid helium were installed in a test cryostat. The onset characteristics of thermoacoustic oscillations were presented and studied. The effect of temperature profile was discussed. Finally, a simple eliminating method was introduced.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.89-102
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• 2022

Objectives This study was aimed to report significant improvement of vestibular neuronitis treated with Cheongsimyeonja-tang. Methods The patient was treated with Sasang herbal medicine for vestibular neuronitis. Also acupuncture and pharmacopuncture were used to treat neck and shoulder pain. Numeral rating scale(NRS), Romberg test, Spontaneous nystagmus, Induced nystagmus and Head thrust test were used to observe changes of dizziness in vestibular neuronitis. Results and Conclusions After 41days of treatment, the patient showed improvement in NRS. Also, the patient's symptoms of nausea, dyspepsia, sleep disturbance were improved. This study shows that Cheongsimyeonja-tang might be effective in Taeumin patient's vestibular neuronitis.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.2004-2010
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• 2022

Quantification of sensitive material is of vital importance when it comes to the movement of nuclear fuel throughout its life cycle. Within the electrorefiner vessel of electrochemical separation facilities, the task of quantifying plutonium by neutron analysis is especially challenging due to it being in a constant mixture with curium. It is for this reason that current neutron multiplicity methods would prove ineffective as a safeguards measure. An alternative means of plutonium verification is investigated that utilizes the (𝛼,n) signature that comes as a result of the eutectic salt within the electrorefiner. This is done by utilizing the multiplicity variable a and breaking it down into its constituent components: spontaneous fission neutrons and (𝛼,n) yield. From there, the (𝛼,n) signature is related to the plutonium content of the fuel.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.55-60
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• 2022

Specific Language Impairment is one of the serious disorders that interferes with spontaneous communication skills in children. Children suffering from this disorder may have reading, speaking, or listening impairments, and such type of disorders are also termed Autism Speech Disorder (ASD) in medical terminology. The aim of the article is to define specific language impairment in children and the problems it can cause. The different methods adopted by speech pathologists to diagnose language impairment. Finally implementing machine learning models to automate the process and help speech pathologists and pediatricians/ in diagnosing the specific language impairment.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.152-156
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• 2023

Plexiform neurofibroma is a rare benign tumor and a special subtype of neurofibromatosis 1. This report is a literature review with a case of patient with facial hemorrhage observed at the site of neurofibroma removal in the right lower face due to minor trauma. Through PubMed search, using terms ((facial hematoma) OR (facial bleeding)) AND (neurofibromatosis), 86 articles were identified, and five related articles (six patients) were finally selected. Of the six patients, two had previously undergone embolization. However, as a result, all patients received open surgery to remove hematomas. The hemostatic methods mentioned were vascular ligation (five patients), hypotensive anesthesia (two patients), and postoperative blood transfusion (four patients). In conclusion, spontaneous or minimally traumatic bleeding is possible in neurofibromatosis patients. In most cases, it can be resolved by vascular ligation under hypotensive anesthesia. Optionally, prior embolization and supplementary tissue adhesive may be used.