• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.571-598
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 공간 과제에서 학생들이 사용하는 공간 인지 전략의 유형과 역할을 살펴보고자 Shepard & Metzler(1971)의 심적 회전 검사(mental rotation test)를 토대로 시각적 변별과 기억 능력을 측정하는 두가지 공간 과제를 개발하여, 초등학교 6학년 학생 63명을 대상으로 연구를 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 학생들은 접근 방법 측면에서 전체적 접근 전략과 부분적 접근 전략을, 처리 방법 측면에서 심상적 처리 전략과 분석적 처리 전략을, 준거 기준 측면에서 대상 변환 전략과 관점 변환 전략을 사용하였다. 사용 전략에 따른 검사 점수를 비교한 결과 접근 방법 측면에서는 부분적 접근 전략을 사용한 집단이, 처리 방법 측면에서는 분석적 처리 전략을 사용한 집단이, 준거 기준 측면에서는 관점 변환 전략을 사용한 집단의 검사점수가 더 높게 나타났다. 또한 이러한 전략은 변별 과제보다 재인 과제에서, 복잡도가 낮은 문항보다는 복잡도가 높은 문항에서 더 빈번하게 사용되었다. 따라서 부분적 접근전략, 분석적 처리 전략, 관점 변환 전략은 인지적 노력이 많이 요구되는 문제 상황에서 체계적으로 문제를 해결하도록 돕는 유용한 전략임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.14-23
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• 2008

Today the Seoul metro has become the most important public transportation since opening in 1974. However, planning and design of stations, transfer systems and facilities are discorded by different companies and subway lines. Therefore, there is lack of objective design guidelines to secure legibility and safety in subway space. In this context, we aim to investigate the objective design and planing guidelines in terms of people's cognition and space use pattern. Space syntax method which enables scientific analysis is utilized to examine spatial layout considering passenger's spatial behavior. The research resulted in providing objective design and planning standards.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.19-41
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• 2013

What is the foundation of mathematical thinking? Is it logic based symbolic language system? or does it rely more on mental imagery and visuo-spatial abilities? What kind of neural changes happen if someone's mathematical abilities improve through practice? To answer these questions, basic cognitive processes including long term memory, working memory, visuo-spatial perception, number processes are considered through neuropsychological outcomes. Neuronal changes following development and practices are inspected and we can show there are neural networks critical for the mathematical thinking and development: prefrontal-anterior cingulate-parietal network. Through these inquiry, we can infer the answer to our question.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.343-350
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• 2019

Map labels are the most recognizable map elements using the human visual system because they are essentially a natural language. In this study, an experiment was conducted using an eye-tracker to objectively record and analyze the response of subjects regarding visual attention to map labels. A primary building object was identified by analyzing visit counts, average visit duration, fixation counts, and the average fixation duration of a subject's gaze for an area of interest acquired using the eye-tracker. The unmarked rate of map labels in Google map, Naver map, and Daum map was calculated. As a result, this rate exceeded fifty-one percent, with the lowest rate recorded for Google map. It is expected that the results of this study will contribute to an increase in the diversity of research in terms of the spatial cognition approach for map labels, which is more helpful to users than the existing body of work on methods of expression for labels.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2014

Purpose: AIn recent years, the rapid progress of aging and the increase in the elderly people with dementia is becoming a big social issue. Therefore, this paper studies the development of therapeutic environmental rating scales for the elderly people with dementia in korean nursing homes. Methods: We identify the development process and structure of TESS-NH and understand the details of its nature and features. Then, based on the detailed items, we provide major scale factors which do influence on therapeutic environmental rating scales using PCA. Results: In the results, TESS, in the case of the initial stage of TESS-NH, has an advantage to evaluate on physical environments for a short period of time. TESS-2 + sets a large rage of activities of the elderly people with dementia, and tries to evaluate ongoing cares. TESS-NH has a complete set of well-thought-out assessment features for improving quality of care (Quality of Care) On the other hand, the main factors affecting the therapeutic environmental rating scales in nursing homes are "a consideration for facility management (Care for facilities' maintenance)", "a consideration for spatial cognition (Care for spatial cognition) ", and "a consideration for the safety (Care for safety)". Implications: In the future, to develop the therapeutic environmental rating scales on Korea's dementia nursing home, we should actively consider cares of spaces and facility utilization which the residents (the elderly people with dementia) are more secure and comfortable.

• 인지과학
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.439-479
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• 2009

한국어에서 '길다(길이)', '짧다'; '넓다(너비/폭)', '좁다'; '높다(높이)', '낮다'; '깊다(깊이)', '얕다'; '두껍다(두께)', '얇다' 혹은 '가로', '세로' 등의 어휘가 일반적으로 공간적 차원을 지칭하는 데에 사용된다. 본 논문에서 우리는 이들 어휘가 어떠한 인지적 토대에 근거하여 공간 개체의 차원 축을 지칭하게 되는가를 밝히고, 그 차원 낱말들 사이에 성립하는 추론 원리와 제약을 밝히고자 한다. 우선 Lang(1987)과 Lang et al.(1991)의 연구를 바탕으로 차원 개체를 8가지 유형으로 하위범주화하고, 각 범주 유형의 특징을 살펴본다. 차원 개체의 형태적 속성을 정의하는 본유적 구성 도식(inherent proportion schema)과 관찰자의 감각기관과 축의 관계를 일차적 인식 공간(primary perceptual space)으로 정의하고, 이 두 부분의 연계 관계를 개체 도식(object schema)을 이용하여 표상한다. 차원 추론이 가능한 경우는 항상 일차적 인식공간을 구성하는 차원 할당 값에서 본유적 구성도식을 구성하는 차원 할당 값으로 일정한 방향으로 일어난다는 점을 밝히고, 이를 바탕으로 모든 차원 추론에 적용되는 규칙을 두 개로 축약하여 제시하고자 한다. 또한 한국어에 특수하게 존재하는 '가로'와 '세로'가 차원 축을 지칭할 때 적용되는 제약을 형식화한다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.63-76
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• 2012

Modern railway construction by Japanese had a great influence on the urbanization, transformation of urban structure and landscape during the Japanese imperialism and compressive increasing period in Iri(Iksan). This paper aims to find out the effect of railway on the modern urban structure and urban landscape in Iri(Iksan). Railways in Iri, Honam railway, Kunsan railway, Jeonla railway have been constructed progressively during 1911 and 1915 with Iri and old Iri(east-Iri) station. From the analysis of land registration maps and street plans, old photographies and historical records, some significant features underling railway construction can be followed in view of modern urbanization process in Iri. Firstly railways cut off the possibility of developing urban structure based on traditional spatial structure of Iksan. Secondly railways made dual spatial structure in Iri. Japanese and Korean life zone were divided into separate district around urbanization area and market place. Thirdly traditional space cognition system based on four cardinal directions were changed to front and rear space of railway station. Fourthly railways and stations caused neo-baroque spatial order and imperialistic urban landscape of Iri with axis, vista and gridiron plan. Fifthly break points and fringe belts garbling modern urbanization process are created. Sixthly modern cultural and consumptive urban spaces were taken their seats in relation with daily urban life.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 고해상도 위성영상의 분류에 적합한 형상 기반 분류 소프트웨어를 개발하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 형상 기반 분류에 필요한 영상분할과 퍼지 기반의 분류 알고리즘을 개발하고, 형상 기반 분류에 요구되는 다양한 요소들을 고려하여 사용자와의 원활한 상호작용을 지원하기 위한 사용자 인터페이스를 구현하였다. 개발된 소프트웨어의 성능을 평가하고자 본 연구에서 개발된 소프트웨어와 현재 전 세계적으로 널리 보급되고 있는 형상 기반 분류 관련 상용 소프트웨어인 eCognition을 적용하여 동일한 영상을 시험적으로 처리해 본 결과 유사한 영상 분류결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 영상분할의 경우에는 본 연구에서 개발한 소프트웨어의 처리속도가 우수하였다. 형상 기반 분류를 수행하는 데에는 프로그램과 사용자간의 고도의 상호작용이 요구되므로, 향후에 이를 편리하게 하기 위한 사용자 인터페이스의 보완이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Architectural research
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2013

This study aims to explore age-related differences with the assessment tools in the web-based 3D virtual model house and to propose the 3D model house criteria which everyone can use easily. The participants came from three age groups, ranging from their 20s to their over 40. Presence, Usability and Space perception and cognition in the experiment for navigating and evaluating the web-based 3D model house were measured and compared through one-way ANOVA and two-way ANOVA. The results and conclusions are as follows. (1) The younger the participants were, the more positive they evaluated the experiment on Presence. However, 20s needed higher presence than other two groups. (2) 30s and over 40 groups evaluated that the 3D virtual model house was more efficient than an actual model house on Usability. When the participants were younger, the values of 'expressivity' factor were higher. (3) The younger the participants were, the more positive they perceived the virtual environment (VE) on Space perception and cognition scale. There were no significant differences in the selection of dwelling size and the floor plan type. There were no significant differences of interaction effects between age and online gaming experience on Presence and Usability. The results of the current study demonstrate that there are differences among age groups and older groups have difficulty navigating and assessing in a VE. Although older groups take longer to adapt in the VE, they regard the 3D model house as an effective tool for purchase of house.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.229-239
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• 2015

The 21st century is a multiplication age and social and cultural phenomena have become diverse and peoples' desires and individuality have become important. Accordingly, the sensibility that reflects human taste is also required in the exhibition space. The exhibitions in this age induce the direct cognition of senses or take interactive forms that contact diverse media and react. The purpose of this research is to define the concept of haptic presentation method in which the audience perceive in the exhibition space by themselves and the visual elements spread into other senses and perceive complexly, and to present the directional nature. To conduct this research, first, this researcher recognized that haptic sensory experiential research by analyzing the roles and transition history of exhibition space is needed for the present age Second, based on philosophical theories, four haptic sensory expression characteristics (medium nature, experiential nature, attractiveness, sensitiveness) were derived by substituting Giles Deleuze's four haptic spatial characteristics (grasping short distance, dispersed gaze, cognition of bodily movement, formation of synesthesia through complex senses) and six formative factors of exhibition space (space, form, size, light, quality of materials, and color). And the effective exhibition presentation methods were analyzed through six cases of experiential exhibition spaces. Accordingly, what matters in the experiential exhibition space is to produce the four characteristics: medium nature, experientiality, attractiveness, and sensitiveness in equilibrium. It is necessary for the designers to reflect it appropriately in producing so that the audience can think and experience by themselves. Accordingly, in this thesis, it could be seen that to produce the haptic production characteristics in the experiential exhibition space in equilibrium is the important factor in the experiential exhibition space. In conclusion, experiences in the exhibition space should be approached with the transcendental haptic presentation method by which even the space of actually unexperienced cognition can be expanded and experienced through the metastasis and tension of various senses. Also, researches on such senses should be developed continuously, and this researcher expects that this will become a stimulant to present a new directivity.