• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2000

This study was carried out to de develop a control strategy of a fruit harvesting redundant robot. The method of generating a safe trajectory, which avoids collisions with obstracles such as branches or immature fruits, in the 3D(3-dimension) space using artificial potential field technique and virtual plane concept was proposed. Also, the method of setting reference velocity vectors to follow the trajectory and to avoid obstacles in the 3D space was proposed. Developed methods were verified with computer simulations and with actual robot tests. Fro the actual robot tests, a machine vision system was used for detecting fruits and obstacles, Results showed that developed control method could reduce the occurrences of the robot manipulator located in the possible collision distance. with 10 virtual obstacles generated randomly in the 3 D space, maximum rates of the occurrences of the robot manipulator located in the possible collision distance, 0.03 m, from the obstacles were 8 % with 5 degree of freedom (DOF), 8 % with 6-DOF, and 4% with 7-DOF, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to find out organizing strategy of de-composition works in modern plastic arts. Through investigating the development process of De Stijl painters and Rietveld's early works and analyzing the composition and disposition type of elements such as point, line, plane, color in the selected works, we can draw some conclusions. First, Rietveld pursues the dissolution of traditional volume and the de-composition of elements as Mondrian does through crossing-connection of three listels with quadrangular section. Second, Rietveld reorganized de-composition elements with detached lines and color planes. Third, Rietveld experimented possibility of new plastic space through displacing elements, opening space, making anti-gravity space.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.135-143
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• 1994

The actural condition of rural house polts, houses and their attached facilities was surveyed in CHUNGCHEONGBUK-DO in order to find out existing residential problems. From the data collected, general influencing factors, housing/residential environmental qualities, and farmer's opinion on them were analyzed or obtained as the basic design criteria for future projects. The structural shape of rural housing should be developed on the basis of our traditional one. The materials of wall should be made from soil sourced one. Kitchin room and rest room should be improved in view of the Western style. Residential space should be harmonized our traditional one(reception of a guest preferred) with westernized living space(nuclear family life preferred). The plane planning of 'ㄷ' type would be generally preferred in the block planning of rural housing and attached facilities. Livestock pens and compost houses would be seperated from, while storehouses would be coexisted with a living space.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to design the method of 3D space calibration to reduce RMSE by statistical analysis when using the DLT algorithm and control frame. Control frame for 3D space calibration was consist of $1{\times}3{\times}2m$ and 162 contort points adhere to it. For calculate of 3D coordination used two methods about 2D coordination on image frame, 2D coordinate on each image frame and mean coordination. The methods of statistical analysis used one-way ANOVA and T-test. Significant level was ${\alpha}=.05$. The compose of methods for reduce RMSE were as follow. 1. Use the control frame composed of 24-44 control points arranged equally. 2. When photographing, locate control frame to center of image plane(image frame) o. use the lens of a few distortion. 3. When calculate of 3D coordination, use mean of 2D coordinate obtainable from all image frames.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.801-808
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• 1991

Volume holographic interconnection scheme for photonic sitching and optical neural network has been presented. Theoretical formulation for photorefative space-change fields generated by the illumination of multiple noncollinear plane light interferenc pattens was achieved by substituting the complex Fourier series of the space-chage field and freecarrier density into Kukhtarev's nonlinear diffeential equations.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.690-695
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• 2001

The three-dimensional spatial structures of impeller flow created by a six bladed Rushton turbine have identified based on the volumetric velocity information from multi-plane stereoscopic PIV measurements. A total of 10 planes with 2 mm space with a 50 mm by 64 mm size of the field of view were targeted. To reduce the depth of focus, we adopted an angle offset configuration which satisfied the Scheimpflug condition. The distortion compensation procedure was utilized during the in situ calibration. Phase-locked instantaneous data were ensemble averaged and interpolated in order to obtain mean 3-D, volumetric velocity fields on a 60 degree sector of a cylindrical ring volume enclosing the turbine blade. Using the equi-vorticity surface rendering, the spatial structure of the trailing vortices was clearly demonstrated. Detail flow characteristics of the radial jet reported in previous studies of mixer flows were easily identified.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.35-42
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• 1988

A series of consolidated-undrained cubical triaxial tests was performed to investigate the three- dimensional strength characteristics of anisotropic overconsolidated clay. All specimens sampled in field were loaded under conditions of principal stress directions fixed and aligned with the directions during sampling. A sufficient number of tests It was performed to deter.mine the three- dimensional failure surface in the octahedral plane. The adjusted effective friction angles obtained by the stress state projected on the same octahedral plane did not show anisotropy, while the measured effective friction angles showed considerally difference according to the axes of speccimens. Therefore, Lade failure criterion proposed fort isotropic materials could be also used practically for anisotropic overconsolidated clay. The direction of the plastic strain increment wrectors superimposed on the principal stress space was nearly perpendicular to the traces of the failure surface in the octahedral plane.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.24 no.2 s.173
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• pp.362-369
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• 2000

Via screw theory, a vibration mode can be geometrically interpreted as a pure rotation about the vibration center in a plane and as a twisting motion on a screw in a three dimensional space. In thi s paper, applying the conditions that can be used to diagonalize the stiffness matrix by a parallel axis congruence transformation, the vibration modes and frequency response of an elastically suspended optical disc drive have been analyzed. It is first shown that the system has one plane of symmetry, which enables one to decouple the complicated vibration modes into two sets of modes independent of each other. Having obtained the analytical solutions for the axes of vibrations, the frequency response for a given applied input force has been demonstrated. Most importantly, it has been explained that this research result could be used in the synthesis process of a linear vibration system in order to improve the frequency response.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.773-780
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• 2003

The three-dimensional spatial structures of impeller flow created by a six bladed Rushton turbine have identified based on the volumetric velocity information from multi-plane stereoscopic PIV measurements. A total of 10 planes with 2 mm space and a 50 mm by 64 mm size of the field of view were targeted. To reduce the depth of focus, we adopted an angle offset configuration which satisfied the Scheimpflug condition. The distortion compensation procedure was utilized during the in situ calibration. Phase-locked instantaneous data were ensemble averaged and interpolated in order to obtain mean 3-D. volumetric velocity fields on a 60 degree sector of a cylindrical ring volume enclosing the turbine blade. Using the equi-vorticity surface rendering, the spatial structure of the trailing vortices was clearly demonstrated. Detail flow characteristics of the radial jet reported in previous studies of mixer flows were easily identified.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.21-28
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• 2007

This thesis analyzed the uniqueness of a toilet plane structure, centering on a case of Beautiful Public Toilet Construction Project under a project by Chungcheongnam-do and drew a conclusion as followings. Most of public toilets, constructed under a project by Chungcheongnam-do, were located in remains, tourist resorts, parks, and the outskirts of traditional markets. They were constructed at the selected location within an easy access of most user and plane structure was also designed so that the persons, in charge of management and maintenance, and the users could use them without difficulty. But some public toilets didn't establish the handicaps' toilet or made them difficult to sue due to location or size. The plane structure style was various such as a rectangular, stream line, or circle in accordance with location or building size. A circle-styled toilet offered a good view but didn't offer a good access or an effective space for users. In addition, when a handicapped person enters a toilet, he or she has to enter or go out of it through a sliding dor. So a constructor has to make progress of a work in accordance with this point.