• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.11-25
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• 1999

We will define a smooth fuzzy closure space and a subspace of it. We will investigate relationships between smooth fuzzy closure spaces and smooth fuzzy topological spaces. In particular, we will show that a subspace of a smooth fuzzy topological space can be obtained by the subspace of the smooth fuzzy closure space induced by it.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.311-322
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• 2011

In this paper, we generalize the definition of a closure operator for a finite matroid to a pi-space and obtain the corresponding closure axioms. Then we discuss some properties of pi-spaces using the closure axioms and prove the non-existence for the dual of a pi-space. We also present some results on the automorphism group of a pi-space.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.14-25
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to understand bodily extension and identity in contemporary fashion art through the analysis of 'the fashion acting on the body' among the fashion theory excluding body and the conspicuous works on the opening and covering images as a fashion art as a body-space'. This study also investigated identity problems where there are poles apart in opening and closure their bodies and body-space in which its clothing types were distorted by being de-bodilization out of the traditional and ideological expression method in contemporary fashion art from a opening and closure point of view. Image of opening and closure among body-space in fashion art can be classified into opposing structure of opening and closure. Destroying the boundary between bodily opening and closure for a primary function of clothing and dismantling the role and boundary between body and clothing, opening body-space in appearance as a reemergence of body image or the border between inner and outer are being ambiguous because of transparent material. Being representative work of this study opening body-space was expressed as an opening space image using transparency. On the contrary, closure body-space was isolated from external environment and confined in the certain space, which could limit or restraint body- action. Excluding boundary of body and clothing on the whole or in part, boundary of work becomes body-space. However, these were appeared to be a work inducing unlimited curiosity and meaning from the audience. The interpretation of artistic and body-space in fashion art are indicating the role and function of the fashion art exceeding the suggestible dimensions in the every day life of fashion. The body-space of fashion art showing similar aspect of body art today could be understood that it is substituted into an metaphorical, critical space by seeing it as a symbol system connected with social space. Therefore, contemporary fashion art should be interpreted as an equivocal space looking at the body-space with open mind.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.359-365
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• 1998

We give two sufficient conditions that the space (X,C*) be a Fr$\acute{e}$chet-Urysohn space such that $x_n \to x$ in (X,c) if and only if $x_n \to x$ in (X,c*), where c* is the sequential closure operator on a generalized topological (X,c).

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.217-227
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• 1993

치아이동시 생역학을 고려한 frictionless system이 공간폐쇄를 위해 이상적이지만, 이는 숙달된 wire bending이 필요하며 잘못 계산된 교정장치를 사용하였을때 부작용이 매우 클 수 있다. 최근 Straight Wire Appliance가 도입 됨에 따라 복잡한 wire bending없이 "Elastic tie back"을 이용한 공간폐쇄가 가능하지만 alignment와 leveling을 위한 치료기간이 길고 friction과 binding으로 인해 이상적인 교정력을 적용시키는데 어려움이 있다. 그러나 교정환자 수가 많아지고 짧은 치료 기간이 요구되어지는 요즈음에 선택적으로 "Elastic tie back"을 이용하는 공간폐쇄는 부작용을 최소화 하면서 손쉽게 이용할 수 있는 교정장치라고 사료된다.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.1099-1114
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• 2006

Relations between closure-type properties of hyperspaces over a $\v{C}ech$ closure space (X, u) and covering properties of (X, u) are investigated.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.405-412
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• 2020

In this paper we introduce the category of closuresequential approach spaces, CSEQ. And study some properties of closure-sequential approach space.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.227-237
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• 2019

도시계획 및 설계의 공간 개념에 있어 현대도시는 정체성을 기반으로 모든 공간은 차이가 나는 장소로 이루어져 있다는 시각으로 접근한다. 이렇듯 본 연구에서는 도시를 이루고 있는 개별 공간간의 차이에 주목하여 이질적 이미지를 분석하고, 레지빌리티 측정을 통해 이질성을 띄는 각 공간의 이미지에 반응하는 물리적, 행태적 요소를 도출하였다. 그 결과 부산시의 도시공간은 폐쇄성, 개방감, 동적+폐쇄성, 동적+개방감, 정적 등의 이질적 이미지를 가지며, 각각의 이미지를 강하게 느끼게 하는 레지빌리티 요소로 폐쇄성에는 고밀 고층건축물, 거주, 업무의 요소, 개방감은 수공간, 산책, 조망의 요소, 동적&폐쇄성은 산업활동의 요소, 동적&개방감은 오픈스페이스, 수공간, 수영의 요소, 정적 이미지는 녹지, 산책, 머무름의 요소로 나타났다.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.531-534
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• 2002

We prove that the star operator and the sequential closure operator on a weakly first countable space are the same and show that the Frechetness is a sufficient condition for a weakly first countable space to be first countable.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.298-307
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• 2021

Purpose: Delayed gastric emptying usually manifests as gastric food retention. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of gastric food retention after distal gastrectomy with gastrojejunostomy in gastric cancer patients and identify the risk factors for its development. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 245 patients who underwent distal gastrectomy with gastrojejunostomy for gastric cancer at Boramae Medical Center between March 2017 and December 2019. We analyzed the presence of gastric food residue via computed tomography (CT) scans at 3 and 12 months postoperatively and analyzed the risk factors that may influence the development of gastric food retention. Results: CT scans were performed on 235 patients at 3 months and on 217 patients at 12 months postoperatively. In the group that received closure of Petersen's space, the incidence of gastric food retention was significantly low as per the 3- and 12-month postoperative follow-up CT scans (P=0.028 and 0.003, respectively). In addition, hypertension was related to gastric food retention as per the 12-month postoperative follow-up CT scans (P=0.011). No other factors were related to the development of gastric food retention. In the multivariate analysis, non-closure of Petersen's space (hazard ratio [HR], 2.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-5.38; P=0.010) was the only significant risk factor for gastric food retention at 3 months postoperatively, while non-closure of Petersen's space (HR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.40-5.64; P=0.004) and hypertension (HR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.14-4.63; P=0.020) were both significant risk factors for gastric food retention at 12 months postoperatively. Conclusions: Closure of Petersen's space has an effect on decrease the incidence of gastric food retention after distal gastrectomy with gastrojejunostomy in gastric cancer patients.