• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.800-809
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different ratios of corn silage (CS): alfalfa hay (AH), and extruded soybeans (ESB) on milk yield, milk composition, blood metabolites, and fatty acids in milk fat and plasma. Ninety multiparous Holstein cows were arranged in a randomized block design experiment which lasted 14 weeks. Treatments were arranged as a $3{\times}3$ factorial with 0%, 5% or 10% ESB (dry matter basis) and three forage treatments: I) 30% CS, 10% AH and 10% Leymus chinense hay (LC); ii) 20% corn silage, 20% alfalfa hay and 10% LC; iii) 10% CS, 30% AH and 10% LC. Cows were allowed to consume a total mixed ration ad libitum. There was no change of dry matter intake when cows were fed the experimental diets. As more AH was added to the diets, milk yield, milk protein content and yield, and trans9, cis11-conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) concentrations in milk fat and plasma increased. When ESB were supplemented to the diets, milk yield, and trans9, cis11-CLA concentration in milk fat and plasma increased. When 10% ESB was added to the diet containing 30% AH the trans9, cis11-CLA content (1.46 g/100 g of total fatty acids) in milk was the highest among all treatments. These results suggests that AH could replace part of a CS diet and be a good forage source of diet for dairy cows to improve milk yield and milk composition. Meanwhile, ESB could be included in the diet with high AH to improve production performance of dairy cows.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2004

Bacillus thuringiensis 656-3 which was isolated from a soil sample of mushroom house and showed high toxicity to mushroom flies, Lycoliella mali and Coboldia fuscipes, was surveyed for insecticidal effect in the oyster mushroom house.3. thutingiensis 656-3 was mass-cultured in the fermenter containing soybean cake(2%) and wheat bran (2%) as media source. Semi-for-mutation of B. thuringiensis 656-3 was performed with metamorphic starch only. When the formulation suspension containing $5{\times}{10^7}$ cfu was sprayed on the mushroom in mushroom house, the insecticidal effect of B. thuringiensis 656-3 to mushroom flies,1. mali and C. fuscipes, was maintained over 90% by the fifth day after starting spraying. The yield of oyster mushroom house with B. thuringiensis 656-3 was significantly increased compared to control. B. thuringiensis 656-3 represents a powerful biological insecticide for the control of mushroom flies.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2005

In this study, a microorganism-produced protease was used to improve the quality of fabrics. First, the protease-producing bacteria were isolated from soils, and one of them was selected and identified as Bacillus sp. SJ-121. The optimal medium composition for its growth and protease production was determined to be as follows: glucose 1g/L, soybean meal 0.5g/L, soy peptone 0.5, $K_2HPO_4\;0.2,\;MgSO_4\cdot7H_2O\; 0.002,\;NaCl\;0.002,\;and\;Na_2CO_3g/L$. Also, the optimal temperature for the production of the protease by Bacillus sp. SJ-121 was about $40^{\circ}C$ at pH 7. The wool and silk were treated with the protease from Bacillus sp. SJ-121. Following the protease treatment, changes in the surface of a single yarn of the fabrics were observed by both an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Changes in the K/S value of the wool and silk were measured by spectrophotometric analysis, in order to determine the amount of dye uptake in the fabrics. We also performed a tensile strength examination in order to determine the degree and nature of mechanical changes in single yarns of the wool and silk fabrics. By increasing the protease treatment time to 48 h, the dyeing characteristics of the fabrics were enhanced, and the surfaces of the single yarns of the fabrics became smoother, due to the removal of soil and scale in them. However, no mechanical changes were detected in the fabrics. Therefore, we suggest that proper treatment of the protease produced by Bacillus sp. can improve the quality of silk and wool.

• 한국균학회지
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• 18권2호
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• pp.96-101
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• 1990

양송이 주요병해인 마이코곤병(M. perniciosa)의 생물적방제를 위한 항균성 미생물을 선발하기 위하여 실시한 시험 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 미생물의 분리는 Starch casein, Soybean meal, Oat meal 배지에서 균집락 형성과 균집락의 특성이 다른 배지 보다 빠르며, 다양한 미생물의 분리가 용이하였다. 2. 실내시험에서 사상균 91, 세균 342, 방사선균 556균주의 미생물을 분리 선발한 후 Oat meal 배지에서 대치배양하여 항균력이 높은 세균 12, 방사선균 71균주를 선발하였다. 3.실내에서 항균력이 있는 균주에 대해 실시한 1차 포장시험에서 5개 균주가 수량 및 항균력이 우수하였으며, 확인시험에서는 AJ-117, AJ-136, AK-139의3균주가 뚜렷한 항균력이 있었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.268-275
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• 2005

Early predictions of crop yields call provide information to producers to take advantages of opportunities into market places, to assess national food security, and to provide early food shortage warning. The objectives of this study were to identify the most useful parameters for estimating yields and to compare two model selection methods for finding the 'best' model developed by multiple linear regression. This research was conducted in two 65ha corn/soybean rotation fields located in east central South Dakota. Data used to develop models were small temporal variability information (STVI: elevation, apparent electrical conductivity $(EC_a)$, slope), large temporal variability information (LTVI : inorganic N, Olsen P, soil moisture), and remote sensing information (green, red, and NIR bands and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), green normalized difference vegetation index (GDVI)). Second order Akaike's Information Criterion (AICc) and Stepwise multiple regression were used to develop the best-fitting equations in each system (information groups). The models with $\Delta_i\leq2$ were selected and 22 and 37 models were selected at Moody and Brookings, respectively. Based on the results, the most useful variables to estimate corn yield were different in each field. Elevation and $EC_a$ were consistently the most useful variables in both fields and most of the systems. Model selection was different in each field. Different number of variables were selected in different fields. These results might be contributed to different landscapes and management histories of the study fields. The most common variables selected by AICc and Stepwise were different. In validation, Stepwise was slightly better than AICc at Moody and at Brookings AICc was slightly better than Stepwise. Results suggest that the Alec approach can be used to identify the most useful information and select the 'best' yield models for production fields.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.716-723
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• 2006

A biosurfactant-producing bacterial strain was selected from oil-contaminated soil because of its ability to degrade crude oil and tributyrin $(C_{4:0})$. The strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis A8-8 based on its morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics. When B. subtilis A8-8 was grown with crude oil as the sole carbon source, the biosurfactant from the strain emulsified crude oil, vegetable oil, and hydrocarbons. Soybean oil was the optimum substrate for the emulsifying activity and emulsion stability of the biosurfactant, both of which were superior to those of several commercially available surfactants. The biosurfactant was purified by a procedure including HCl precipitation, methanol treatment, and silica-gel chromatography. The partially purified biosurfactant was analyzed by TLC (thin-layer chromatography), SDS-PAGE, and HPLC and it reduced the surface tension of water from 72 mN/m to 26 mN/m at a concentration of 30 mg/l. Therefore, the purified lipopeptide biosurfactant has strong properties as an emulsifying agent and acts as an emulsion-stabilizing agent.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.585-592
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• 1996

미국 Louisiana주 Baton Rouge에 있는 농장 14.6ha에 전 처리 제초제 Trifluralin (2,6-dinitro-N, N-dipropyl-4-(trifluormethyl) benzenamine)을 1683 g/1ha 살포하고, 3개월간 유출량을 조사하였다. 토층 15 cm에서 Trifluralin의 반감기는 42.6~46.0일 이었다. 암거배수포장에서 Trifluralin의 농도는 surface의 유출수에서 0.62ng/mL~0.02ng/mL 이었으며, subsurface의 유출수에서 0.06ng/mL~0.02ng/mL 이었다. 이는 미국의 Trifluralin 음료수 허용기준 2ng/mL 보다 낮은농도이다. 3개월간 유출된 Trifluralin량은 전체 살포량의 0.021%였으며, 따라서 유출수에 의한 Trifluralin 이동되는 양은 적었다. 한편 subsurface의 유출수에 Trifluralin농도가 낮기때문에 암거배수시설로 Trifluralin의 유출량을 줄일 수 있다.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.105-121
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• 2018

In 1995, the WTO started to ease the trade barriers. Globalization has accelerated. The opening of the agricultural products market is rapidly gaining momentum with the conclusion of an FTA. The acceleration of this FTA is expected to be a threat to Korea's agriculture, and a new strategy is needed. At the beginning of the nuclear accident, mainly radioactive materials are found in the surface layer of the soil. Over time, the concentration of the plant gradually increases. After 5 years, it becomes noticeable. In March 2016, it will be five years after the nuclear accident. Radioactive contamination is very likely to occur in agricultural products produced in the Fukushima area at this time. In this period, agricultural products produced in the Fukushima region are expected to generate supply disruptions in Japan, and imports to replace them will increase. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a mid- and long-term strategy for exporting to Japan by analyzing the competitiveness of Korean agricultural products. In this study, standardization index was derived by using agricultural price ratio, TSI, export CAC. Based on this, we analyzed the competitiveness of each item in the Japanese market. The analysis shows that garlic is the most competitive product in the Japanese market. Also, strawberry, tomato, and cucumber were found to be competitive. On the other hand, Kiwi, pineapple, soybean, onion, potato, etc. As a result of the analysis, the following strategies were proposed for the export of agricultural products with high competitiveness. First, it is necessary to develop technology to suppress deterioration of export transportation quality. Second, continuous supply of local consumption pattern information is required. Third, it is necessary to expand exports by processing fresh food. Fourth, it suggested the establishment of export base and strengthening of support system.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.320-324
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• 2004

본 연구는 biosurfactant를 생산하는 우수한 균주를 얻고자 산지 토양에서 생산능이 우수한 균주 수십 종을 분리하였다. 분리된 균주 중 원유분해능 및 biosurfactant 생성능이 우수한 균주를 선별하여, 형태학적 특성 및 생리 화학적 특성을 조사고, 16S rDNA의 부분적 염기서열 결정을 통하여 Bacillus sp. TBM911-5로 동정하였다. 동정된 균주 배양액에 생산된 biosurfactant에 의해 48시산 정도에서 표면장력이 최저 29mN/m까지 감소되었다. Bacillus sp. TBM 911-5가 생산하는 biosurfactant의 유화활성은 대두유를 기질로 사용하였을 때 최대였으며, 원유에서도 높은 편이였다. 유화안정성은 합성 계면활성제의 Tween 류나 Triton X-100등과 비슷하거나 우수하였으며, 이는 분리된 균이 생산하는 biosurfactant의 계면활성제로서의 산업적 이용 가능성을 보여준다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.329-336
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• 1995

For the development of new antitumor antibiotics produced by microorganisms, Streptomyces sp. YBE-316 was isolated from soil. The productivity of the antitumor antibiotic from Streptomyces sp. YBE-316 gradually increased after 60 hours, and was maximum after 100 hours after inoculation in growth medium (2.0% sucrose, 1.0% soybean meal, 0.1% K$_{2}$HPO$_{4}$, pH 7.0) at 30$\circ$C, 150 rpm, 5 NL/min by 30 l jar fermentor. This antitumor antibiotic was present only in mycelium, and stable in pH 5.0-10.0 for 20 minutes at 100$\circ$C. Antitumor and antibiotic activities were maintained at neutral pH, and heat stability was low. This antitumor antibiotic was soluble in methanol and ethanol, and insoluble in water, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and n-hexane. This antitumor antibiotic was sequentially purified by acetone extraction from mycelium, butanol extraction, and silica gel column chromatography. Antitumor activity was low against most tested cell lines, but antibiotic activity was high and low against yeasts and bacteria, respectivelv. The visualization test showed that this antitumor antibiotic had higher hydroxyl, ketone, amino, carboxyl groups, and sugar(s) in its structure. Instrumental analyses showed that this antitumor antibiotic was a pentaene in polyene class antibiotics. In pentaene class antibiotics, this was considered as an eurocidin or capacidin type antibiotics. The molecular weight of this antitumor antibiotic was higher than 683.0 daltons, and this antitumor antibiotic might be glycosylated by other sugar(s), instead of mycosamine or perosamine, an amino sugar.