• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1997

토양수분 부족이 콩의 생육 및 수양에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 비가림 비닐하우스 안의 베드에서 우리나라 기상여건상 토양수분 부족의 유발가능성이 높은 영양생장기인 신장기에 제 3 복엽기부터 30일간 단수(FNS)와 생육중기인 착협시부터 30일간 단수(BPS), 생육후기 인 입비대시부터 30일간(BSS) 토양수분 부족을 유발시켜 시험을 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 지상부의 건물중은 FNS 단수처리시 감소율이 가장 컸으며, BPS와 BSS 단수처리시는 대조구와 큰 차이가 없었다. 2. 엽록소 함량은 FNS와 BPS 단수처리시 처리종료 직후에는 현저히 감소되었으나, 수확기에는 회복이 되어 대조구와 유사하였다. 3. 한발처리 종료직후의 토양깊이별 뿌리 분포는 단수처리시 대조구에 비해 지표면 가까이에서 분포되 었으며, 뿌리혹 수와 뿌리혹의 건물중은 BPS 단수처리시 감소가 가장 심하였다. 4. 개체당 협수, 개체당 입중 및 수양은 단수처리시 대조구에 비해 현저하게 감소되었으며, BPS 단수처리시 감소율이 가장 심하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.239-244
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• 1998

Susceptibility of soybean cultivars to Calonectria illicicola was evaluated in a greenhouse by inoculating seedlings with mycelium in agar discs placed on the stems at the soil line. A range of responses was detected among cultivars following inoculation with a virulent isolate of C.ilicicola. Rankings of cultivars between greenhouse tests 1 and 2 were similar for disease severity and areas under the disease progress curves (AUDPC). In addition, rankings of cultivars for Final disease severity were highly correlated with AUDPC in test 1 ($r_s$ =0.88, t =5.48, p<0.001), test 2 ($r_s$ =0.99, t =22.10, p<0.001), and when tests were combined ($r_s$=0.89, t=5.82, p<0. 001). Final disease severity and AUDPC consistently identified Asgrow 7986, Braxton, Cajun, and Forrest as soybean cultivars least susceptible to red crown rot. In 1993 and 1994 field tests, a range in disease susceptibility was observed for tested cultivars but none was completely resistant. Soybean cultivars Braxton, Cajun, and Forrest, which were least susceptible to red crown rot in greenhouse tests, also ranked among cultivars with the lowest disease incidence and AUDPC in field tests. Comparisons .between rankings of the eight cultivars common to greenhouse and field tests showed a correlation between final disease severity from combined greenhouse tests and both final disease incidence ($r_s$=0.63, t =1.99, p<0.1) and AUDPC ($r_s$=0.60, t =1.82, p < 0.2) from the combined field tests. However, AUDPC from greenhouse tests did not correlate with either final disease incidence or AUDPC from field tests. The green-house screening method provided consistent results between greenhouse and field tests and successfully identified the least susceptible cultivars Braxton, Cajun, and Forrest.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.330-338
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• 1999

Extensive research has been conducted on effects of drought stress on growth and development of soybean but information is rather restricted on the limited-irrigation system by way of precaution against a long-term drought condition in the future. The experiment for limited-irrigation was conducted in transparent vinyl shelter at Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC), Taiwan in 1997. Two soybean varieties, Hwangkeum and AGS292, improved in Korea and AVRDC, respectively were used for this experiment. The relationships between normalized transpiration rate (NTR) and fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) in both varieties were similar that the NTR was unchanged until FTSW dropped to about 0.5 or 0.6. At FTSW less than those values, NTR declined rapidly. Days required to harvest in both varieties were significantly prolonged at IR6 treatment compared to any other treatments. Daily mean transpiration rate was significantly higher at IR5 treatment, as averaged over varieties. Similarly, water use efficiency was also high at 1R5 treatment. In both varieties, seed yield was the greatest at the IR5 treatment, as compared to any other limited-irrigation treatments, due to the increased seed number and high transpirational water use efficiency. The indices of input water and seed yield for the different limited-irrigation treatments against control indicated that Hwangkeum produced 59.6% or 60.7% of seed yield using 36.1% or 44.9% of input water, as compared to control, by irrigation at only R5 or R6 stages, respectively. The AGS292 produced 56.1% of seed yield with 35.4% of input water of control, when irrigated at R5 stage. The results of this study have elucidated that the limited irrigation at R5 stage in soybean can be minimized yield loss with such small quantity of water under the environment of long-term drought stress and the expected shortage of agricultural water in the future.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.333-341
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• 2021

Irrigation scheduling is a water management strategy of applying the proper amount of water in a plant's root zone at the right time to maximize profit. We conducted an experimental evaluation of the response of soybean, sorghum, and sesame to an irrigation scheduling scheme. The soil water contents were adjusted in the root zone between 20% and 28% to reflect changes in crop water consumption. The other ones fixed at 25% during the whole growing season were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of irrigation scheduling. Surface drip irrigation (SDI) were employed as an irrigation method. For all three crops, the evapotranspiration (ET) was the greatest at flowering stage (6.93 mm), followed by vegetative growth stage (5.00 mm) and maturity stage (2.53 mm). The irrigation amount was significantly reduced by 21.8% (soybean), 22.2% (sorghum), and 16.1% (sesame), respectively, compared with the ones at constant soil water content treatment. Their water use efficiency (WUE) were also much higher than the controls: 2.65-fold increase at soybean, 1.82-fold increase at sorghum, and 1.47-fold increase at sesame. These results showed that an effective irrigation scheduling on upland crops (soybean, sorghum, sesame) could increase crop yield while minimizing water use.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: The water footprint (WF) is an indicator of freshwater use that appears not only at direct water use of a consumer or producer, but also at the indirect water use. As an indicator of 'water use', the water footprint includes the green, blue, and grey WF, and differs from the classical measure of 'water withdrawal' because of green and grey WF. This study was conducted to assess and estimate the water footprint of the soybean and Chinese cabbage. METHODS AND RESULTS: APEX model with weather data, soil and water quality data from NAS (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences), and farming data from RDA (Rural Development Administration) was operated for analyzing the WF of the crops. As the result of comparing the yield estimated from APEX with the yield extracted from statistic data of each county, the coefficients of determination were 0.83 for soybean and 0.97 for Chinese cabbage and p-value was statistically significant. The WFs of the soybean and Chinese cabbage at production procedure were 1,985 L/Kg and 58 L/Kg, respectively. This difference may have originated from the cultivation duration. The WF ratios of soybean were 91.1% for green WF and 8.9% for grey WF, but the WF ratios of Chinese cabbage were 41.5% for green WF and 58.5% for grey WF. CONCLUSION: These results mean that the efficiency of water use for soybean is better than that for Chinese cabbage. The results could also be useful as an information to assess environmental impact of water use and agricultural farming on soybean and Chinese cabbage.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2009

최근에 간척 조성된 화옹, 이원 및 영산강간척지에서 밭작물재배가능성을 검토하기 위하여 2007~2008년 2년간 간척지의 염농도변이와 녹비 사료작물의 생육과의 관계를 시험연구하였다. 토양염농도는 여름철 호우시 배수불량에 의한 침수피해가 심하였든 영산강간척지와 화옹간척지에서는 시험작물의 생육에 유의적 영향을 보이지 않았으나 침수피해가 없었든 이원간척지는 염농도가 증가함에 따라 작물생육과 수량은 로그함수적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 가장 큰 초장에 대한 대비 50% 이상 생육저해를 나타내는 표토염농도는 콩 $5dS\;m^{-1}$, 옥수수 $6dS\;m^{-1}$, 수단그리스, 피 및 세스바니아는 $7dS\;m^{-1}$ 정도로 추정되었고, 이 저해농도에서의 녹비수량의 감수율은 최고수량대비 26~44%수준으로 염농도에 대한 수량감수피해가 초장단축저해보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 시험작물의 건물수량 $kg\;10a^{-1}$)은 장소에 따라 변이가 매우 커서 잘 된 장소가 수단그라스 2,426, 제주재래피 907, 세스바니아 1,881, 옥수수 2,032, 콩 924정도로 높은 편이지만 염농도가 높고 침수나 습해를 입은 장소는 전혀 수확이 없는 개무 상태였다. 상대적으로 염농도가 낮은 영산강과 배수가 좋은 이원간척지는 비교적 수량이 많았으나 화옹간척지는 염농도도 높고 배수도 불량하여 매우 낮은 수준이었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.172-177
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• 1982

신개간지(新開墾地)인 삼각사양토(三角砂壤土)에서 인산(燐酸)의 전면살포(全面撒布)와 파조시용(播條施用)의 콩 보리에 대한 효과를 구명(究明)하기 위하여 1976년부터 1979년까지 6작(作)에 걸쳐 포장시험(圃場試驗)을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 인산시용방법(燐酸施用方法)은 콩 보리 공히 전면살포(全面撒布)가 파조시용(播條施用)보다 수량(收量)이 높은 경향(傾向)을 나타냈다. 2. 토양중(土壤中) 유효인산함량(有效燐酸含量)과 콩의 수량(收量)과의 관계식(關係式)에서 전면살포(全面撒布)는 220ppm, 파조시용(播條施用)은 200ppm에서 최고(最高)의 수량(收量)을 보였는데 이때의 수량(收量)은 각각 322kg/10a, 259kg/10a로서 인산(燐酸) 전면살포(全面撒布)의 수량(收量)이 높았다. 또 제1작에 용성인비(熔成燐肥)로 인산(燐酸) 38kg/10a, 그 후부터는 매작 6kg/10a을 전면살포(全面撒布)한 처리구에서 높은 수량(收量)을 얻었다. 3. 인산(燐酸)의 전면살포(全面撒布)는 뿌리의 수평분포(水平分布)를 많게 하였고 뿌리의 무게도 파조시용(播條施用)에 비하여 높았다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2012

1. 30년 장기 연용구의 연작 대비 윤작에 의한 옥수수 및 콩의 수량증대는 옥수수보다 콩이 더 컸으며, 연작시 무경운에 따라 수량이 감소되었던 옥수수는 윤작에 의해 수량이 많이 회복되었다. 콩은 연 윤작구 모두 무경운에서도 수량이 감소하지 않았다. 2. 윤작구의 작물재배기간의 이산화탄소 누적발생량은 재배작물 및 처리간 차이가 없었으며, 메탄은 콩의 재배시 plow 경운구에서 생육초기에 증가하였다. 3. 아산화질소의 발생은 옥수수 생육초기 질소시비 후에 질소비료의 무기화 과정에서 발생량이 증가하였는데, 경운방법에 따라 차이가 뚜렷하여 chisel 경운에서 가장 높았고, 무경운에서 가장 낮았다. 4. 콩-옥수수 윤작체계에서 plow 및 chisel 경운에 비해 무경운(no-tillage)의 채택에 따라 작물의 수량 감소없이 콩 재배 시 메탄 $0.7kg\;C\;ha^{-1}$ 및 옥수수 재배 시 아산화질소 $2{\sim}4kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ 발생량을 감소시킬 수 있었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.279-283
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• 2004

This experiment was carried out at paddy field (commercial silty loam soil) in the southwestern Korea. Pungsannamulkong, a determinate growth habit, was a relatively high yielding and late maturing cultivar, and Han­namkong, a semi determinate growth habit, was a relatively low yielding and early maturing cultivar. Seeds were sowed at two plants and with a planting density of $70{\times}10cm$ on May 26, 2003. Fertilizer was applied prior to planting at a rate of 3.0-3.0-3.4g $(N-P_2O_5-K_2O)\;per\;m^2$ by all basal fertilizations. Experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications. Seed yield was higher in Pungsannamulkong by 362g per $m^2$ than in Hannamkong of 260g per $m^2$ Also, the number of pod, number of seed, and number of seed per pod were greater in Pungsannamulkong than in Hannamkong. The number of leaves per $m^2$ showed similar with two soybean cultivars up to August 24 but thereafter it decreased in Hannamkong. The leaf area up to August 4 increased in Hannamkong higher than in Pungsannamulkong, but after that time, Pungsannamulkong had greater leaf area than Hannamkong. The shoot and leaf dry matter of two soybean cultivars from June 23 to August 4 were similar but thereafter, Pungsannamulkong had a significantly greater than Hannamkong. Crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilate rate (NAR) for Punsannamulkong were relatively higher than Hannamkong but leaf area ratio (LAR) and specific leaf weight (SLW) showed higher in Hannamkong. Most of leaves distributed in the ranges of 80-90cm and 60-70cm from the soil surface in Punsannamulkong and Hannamkong, respectively. Pods of Punsannamulkong ranged 10-80cm from the soil surface and most of pods were distributed at 40-50cm. Photosynthetic rate at the flowering stage showed a significant difference between cultivars in the upper most leaf position. There was no significant difference of the photosynthetic rate at $7^{tn}$ leaf at the flowering stage, and the uppermost and 7th leaf position at the seed development stage between two soybean cultivars.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2011

우리나라 주요 밭작물(콩, 무, 배추)에 대한 $^{99}Tc$의 토양-작물체 전이계수(TF)를 조사하기 위하여 온실 내에서 포트실험을 수행하였다. 토양은 경주 방폐장 주변 네 곳(콩 두 곳, 무 및 배추 두 곳)의 밭에서 채취하였다. 파종 3-4 주 전에 건조 토양을 $^{99}Tc$ 용액과 혼합한 다음 포트에 담고 관개하였다. TF 값은 건조 토양 중 $^{99}Tc$ 농도(Bq $kg^{-1}$-dry)에 대한 작물체 내 농도(Bq $kg^{-1}$-dry or fresh)의 비로 나타내었다. TF 값은토양 간에 큰 차이가 없었다. 콩알의 TF 값은 경엽부에 비해 극히 낮아 $^{99}Tc$의 종실로의 이동성이 매우 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 콩알, 무 뿌리, 무 잎 및 배추 잎에 대한 $^{99}Tc$ 전이계수의 대표치가 각각 두 토양에 대한 산술평균치인 $1.8{\times}10^{-1}$, $1.2{\times}10^1$, $3.2{\times}10^2$, $1.3{\times}10^2$(건조 작물체 기준)로 제안되었다. 채소류의 경우 신선 작물체에 대한 대표치도 제안되었다. 본 제안치는 대표성이 충분치 못하므로 지속적으로 최신화 할 필요가 있다.