• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.336-342
• /
• 2003

The effects of cultivation methods (cultivation of curled-shaped type, M-1; conventional cultivation, M-2; growing after treatment with a growth regulator, M-3; cultivation by the combination of M-1 and treatment with oak charcoal, M-4) on the quality characteristics of soybean sprouts were studied by the measurement of growth characteristics. This study also investigated the changes in shelf-life stability of the new soybean sprouts (NSB) using M-4, which was cultivated with oak charcoal and treated with antimicrobial Citrus sunki seed extract. Among the soybean sprouts grown for six days at the high temperature and humidity environment (90$\pm$5% RH, 25$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$), M-1 revealed no significant difference in terms of quality, such as the harvest yield, the rot rate and the growth characteristics when compared with M-2. M-3 showed no significant difference in growth characteristics, of hardness, and sensory evaluation scores when compared with the soybean sprouts grown by conventional methods. NSB had a low number of total microorganisms and had a better appearance after five days of storage than did the control group (M-2). These findings demonstrate that chemical-free and clean soybean sprouts can be grown by combining oak charcoal and antimicrobial Citrus sunki seed extract, thereby meeting the consumer demand for safe, chemical free sprouts.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.76-82
• /
• 2019

BACKGROUND: For sustainable agriculture, there are various agricultural practices including low input. Over the last few decades high input of chemical fertilizer and compounds results in environmental pollution and deterioration of soil fertility. Soybean (Glycine max L.) is well known eco-friendly crop due to their symbionts. Soybean has a relationship with nitrogen fixation bacteria called rhizobia. In this research work, we investigated effects of soybean cultivation on soil microorganism activities. METHODS AND RESULTS: Experiments were conducted in pots and potato cultivation was used as reference. Soil chemical properties were analyzed considering soil nutrient over cropping period. For the soil microbial community analysis, dehydrogenase activity analysis (DHA) analyzed along with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. The results showed that higher soil organic matter in the soybean cultivation soil than in the potato cultivation soil. Available $P_2O_5$ concentration increased gradually in both pots but showed higher value in the potato cultivation soil. DHA value implying microbial activities showed higher value in the soybean cultivation soil over all cropping period. CONCLUSION: The cause of high microbial activity in the soybean cultivation soil was considered to the effects of some specific microorganisms related to soybean cultivation. Therefore, the availability of soybean cultivation for sustainable agriculture should be encouraged in terms of microorganism community activity in soil.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.437-450
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted with two objectives ; one was to select the suitable soybean cultivars for cultivation in paddy field and the other was to establish the environment-friendly rotational cropping system of soybean instead of rice in paddy field. In order to evaluate growth adaptation and yields, Eve soybean cultivars were cultivated in Yeoncheon, Keonggi province, with two cultivation methods such as level row and high ridge. Growth of the top plants, such as stem length, number of branches, diameter of stem, were higher in high ridge than in level row, however, the differences among the cultivars were bigger than those between the cultivation methods. Dry weight of top plant was significantly different among the cultivars during whole growth stages, however, it was higher in level row than in high ridge at V5 stage while it became higher in high ridge as growth progressed. Roots were more developed in high ridge than in level row during whole growth stages. T/R ratio in level row was higher than that in high ridge. During whole growth stages, significant differences were observed among the cultivars in growth and yields in each cultivation method and yields of Eunhakong was the highest. In results, number of nodules and T/R ratio at V5 stage, number of pods at R2 stage, and number of seeds and T/R ratio at R5 stage had highly correlated with yields, respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.51 no.1
• /
• pp.26-31
• /
• 2006

This study was conducted to determine the optimum number of inter-rows according to distance of drainage furrow (DF) for running-off excessive-water stress (EWS) in paddy field. The most soil water potential was shown in high ridge (distance of DF by 70 cm) cultivation and the soil water potential showed increasing tendency in over four inter-rows cultivation by DF. The growth of soybean reduced by extended inter-row and its reducing level was high, especially, over four inter-rows (DF distance by 2.8 m) because of EWS. The photosynthetic rate decreased in the more extensive field by distance of DF at V5 and R2 stages, especially, in over four interrows cultivation. Also, root activity decreased at wider DF. The yield was reduced with wider distance of DF more extensively, the highest yield of 270 g per $m^2$ at the every row, but yield showed decreasing tendency at over the $4^{th}$ row (2.8 m) cultivation. Soybean cultivation in paddy field could be founded with DF of every other or $4^{th}$ row.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.113-121
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of crop rotation cultivation on the suppression of garlic white rot caused by Sclerotium cepivorum in the mini plot ($2^*1^*$ 0.5 m). Six crops, soybean, sesame, mung bean, squash, crotalaria and spring onion, were previously transplanted in the mini-plots infested with S. cepivorum before garlics were planted. After cultivation of the previous crops, garlic was sown in the mini-plot. Non-cultivation plots and non-infested plots with white rot pathogen were used as control. The effect of crop rotation cultivation on the suppression of garlic white rot was evaluated by investigating comparatively the disease incidence (the percentage of infected plants) and yields. As a results, infection rate of garlic white rot was recorded lower in the non-infested plot, crotalaria and soybean cultivation than in the plot of the other crop cultivation. Especially when squash was previously cultivated and garlics were planted in 2013, infection rate of garlic white was recorded the highest score. In 2014, the infection rate of garlic white were low in the garlic on soybean, crotalaria and spring onion treatment whereas it was high in squash treatment, as well. In 2013, garlic yield was the highest in no inoculation plot, followed by crotalaria, soybean, no crop cultivation, sesami, mungbean, squash cultivation plot. In 2014, the yield in the plot of crotalaria and soybean was much higher than that in no inoculation plot. Based on above-described results, it is considered that soybean-garlic and crotalaria-garlic cultivation system can be good crop rotation systems to control garlic white rot.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.68 no.4
• /
• pp.313-326
• /
• 2023

Owing to adverse weather conditions, there is a heightened focus on actively researching the regulation of the sowing date in field crop cultivation. Soybean, a prominent field crop with extensive acreage and production, is a photophilic and thermophilic crop characterized by short-day photoperiodism. Identifying the optimal sowing time is crucial for mitigating the effects of severe weather conditions on soybean yield. Precise control over the timing of soybean sowing is the key to minimizing yield reduction due to unfavorable weather conditions. Temperature, photoperiod, and their interplay are the most significant factors influencing soybean cultivation among various weather factors. We conducted an experiment using three Korean soybean cultivars with varied maturities (Hwangkeumol: early maturing and Daewonkong and Pungsannamulkong: late maturing) in 2013 and 2014. Our investigation covered aspects of soybean growth, development, yield components, isoflavones, and visual seed quality. Across all three varieties, isoflavone levels increased with later sowing dates, while other measured components exhibited significant variations based on the sowing date. This study also provides valuable insights for the selection of suitable cultivars that perform well in soybean cultivation at various durations of maturity.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.220-225
• /
• 1991

Four cropping systems, soybean mono-cropping, Cassia tora mono-cropping, soybean-C. tora companion cropping and soybean-C. tora intercropping, were compared for number of soil nematodes and soybean growth in upland field in 1986. Soybean was cultivated as an after-crop of four different cropping systems from 1987 to 1989, and observations were continued. Soil nematode was not found in C. tora mono-cropping plot from mid growing season of C. tora while many nematodes were found in soybean mono-cropping plot in 1986. A few nematodes were found for 3 years in soybean field after one season cultivation of C. tora in 1986. Number of nematodes was lower in soybean-C. tora companion and inter-cropping plots compared with soybean mono-cropping, and was also lower for 3 years in soybean field after one season companion and inter-cropping culture in 1986 compared with continuous soybean cultivation plot. No root nodule was formed on C. tora root, but number of root nodules of soybean plant grown in C. tora companion and inter-cropping plots was not different with soybean mono-cropping plot. Number of pods. number of seeds and seed weight per soybean plant grown in C. tora companion and inter-cropping plots were almost same with soybean mono-cropping plot. When soybean was cultivated in field after one season C. tora mono, companion or inter-cropping, pod and seed number, and seed weight per plant were higher than continuous soybean cultivation field.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 1988

According to the literature, soybean cultivation originated from Wang-Gong (B.C. 685-643) of China who brought it from northeast Asia, for the first time. FUKUDA, of Japan divided soybean into three species-the wild, the cultivated and the intermediate. From the result of that study, he concluded that the soybean originated in northeast Asia. But Wang Kum Rung of China insisted that soybean originated in Hwa-Nam, because the soybean is a shortday plant and the agricultural history of Hwa-Nam, south of China, is older than that of northeast Asia. However, agriculture in northeast Asia had been already begun about B.C. 4000-6000 and the origin of culture cannot be decided only by photosensitivity. It has been proved that soybeans found in Korea were same as the ones of B.C. 2000. The soybeans of northeast Asia meet the conditions of the probable place of origin of cultivated crops established by Vabilov. Accordingly it is concluded that soybean has been originated from northeast Asia.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.243-249
• /
• 2015

Soybean frogeye leaf spot caused by the fungus Cercospora sojina Hara, has known to lead a severe reduction of crop yield. Since frogeye leaf spot on soybean has recently become a serious problem in Korea, the susceptibility of recent recommended cultivars against C. sojina had been tested. To standardize the disease severity of soybean, the optimum sporulation condition of C. sojina and the disease index were established in this study. Sporulation was maximized on the 10% V8 juice agar with 12 h light and 12 h dark at $25^{\circ}C$. Spore suspension ($10^5spores/ml$) was sprayed on the leaves of soybean (V6 stage), and the disease responses to each isolate were evaluated on 28 days after inoculation. As a result, Daepung, Shinpaldal2ho, Yeonpung and Cheonga showed the resistance reaction to 8, 7, 6, 6 isolates of C. sojina, respectively, whereas Cheongja, Hwangkeum, Taekwang, Daewon, Cheonsang and Sinhwa showed the susceptible reaction to 8 isolates of C. sojina. Breeding the resistant soybean cultivars against C. sojina requires a uniform resistance for screening technique. The disease index of frogeye leaf spot on soybean developed in this study can be effectively used for the accurate field assay to select the frogeye leaf spot resistant soybean.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.302-309
• /
• 2014

In this study, the characteristics of soybeans with different cultivation methods depending on their origins and the properties of tofu made from these soybeans were studied. The isoflavone content was higher in the general Korean soybeans compared to the organic American soybeans. There were no significant differences among the Chinese soybean samples, so the cultivar method was considered to have a greater effect on the isoflavone contents rather than the cultivation method. The protein contents were higher in the tofu made from the general Chinese soybeans and the organic Korean soybeans. Furthermore, the tofu made from the organic Chinese soybeans contained the least amount of proteins. Isoflavone contents were not significantly different among the samples. Texture profile analyses consisting of hardness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, springiness, and gumminess were all shown to be higher in the organic tofu than in general tofu, with the exception of adhesiveness. In sensory evaluation, color and texture were significantly different according to the samples, and the differences were found to be affected more by the origin of soybeans rather than the cultivation methods. According to this study, the physicochemical properties of the soybeans and tofu seemed to be influenced by the cultivation region rather than the methods.