• 제목/요약/키워드: soybean breeding

검색결과 220건 처리시간 0.03초

돌연변이 육종에 의한 재래종 서리태 개량 신품종 콩 '조생서리' (A New Improved Soybean Variety, 'Josaengseori' by Mutation Breeding)

  • 송희섭;김진백;이경준;김동섭;김상훈;이상재;강시용
    • 한국육종학회지
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    • 제42권3호
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    • pp.222-225
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    • 2010
  • 재래종 서리태는 밥밑용 콩으로 한국인에게 선호되고 있으나, 숙기가 느려 수량성이 떨어지고 콩알이 커서 청소년들에게는 기피 경향이 있다. 서리태의 특성을 개량하고자 1994년 수집한 서리태 종자에 감마선 250 Gy를 조사하여 돌연변이 육종을 시도하였다. 그 후대에서 숙기가 빠르고 수량성이 높으며 콩알 크기가 작아진 유망 돌연변이 계통을 선발하여 '조생서리'로 명명하고, 2005년도에 품종보호권 및 국가품종목록등 재 신청을 하였으며, 2008년도에 등록을 완료하였다. 신품종 '조생서리'의 신육형은 유한형, 꽃색은 자색, 엽형은 능형이며, 종피색은 검정색이고 모용색과 성숙기 협색 모두 갈색의 특징을 가진다. '조생서리'의 개화기는 파종 후 57일경으로 중생종이며, 재래종 서리태(67일)보다는 10일 정도 빠르다. '조생서리'의 성숙기는 파종 후 130일로 재래종 서리태의 164일 보다 34일 정도 빠르다. 100립중은 재래종 서리태가 40.1 g으로 극대립종에 해당되는데 비교하여, '조생서리'는 32.8 g으로 중대립종에 속한다. 신품종 '조생서리'의 10a 당수량은 179 kg으로 재래종 서리태 74 kg에 비교하여 2.4배 정도 높았다.

국내 콩 장려품종의 콩 씨스트 HG type 2.5에 대한 저항성 (Resistance of Soybean Cultivars to Heterodera glycines HG type 2.5 in Korea)

  • 김동근;최인수;류영현;이윤수
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.216-219
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    • 2013
  • 국내에서 육성된 75개 콩 장려품종에 대하여 콩 씨스트선충 HG type 2.5에 대한 저항성을 검정하였다. 품종에 따라 콩 씨스트선충의 증식 정도는 104-624 씨스트/화분이었다. 국내 콩 장려 품종 중에서 콩 씨스트선충 HG type 2.5에 대한 저항성 품종은 없었으며, '장엽콩', '새알콩', '밀양콩', '만석콩'은 중간저항성, 33품종은 중간감수성, 나머지 38품종은 감수성으로 판정되었다. 국내에서 저항성 장려품종이 육성되기까지 콩 씨스트선충의 피해가 심한 포장에는 '장엽콩', '새알콩', '밀양콩', '만석콩'을 심도록 추천하는 것이 좋겠다.

콩 P34 단백질 결핍 유전자를 이용한 SSLP 마커 개발 (Development of SSLP Marker Targeted to P34 Null Gene in Soybean)

  • 양기웅;고종민;이영훈;전명기;정찬식;백인열;김현태;박금룡
    • 한국육종학회지
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    • 제42권5호
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    • pp.502-506
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    • 2010
  • 콩 알레르기에 민감한 사람들은 15가지가 넘는 콩 알레르기 단백질을 인지한다. 이러한 알레르기 단백질 때문에 콩의 광범위한 사용이 제한적이다. 시스테인 프로테아제에 속하는 P34 단백질은 콩의 주된 알러젠이다. 미국 국무부에서 16,226개의 유전자원에서 P34 단백질이 결핍된 PI567476 유전자원을 찾아냈다. P34 유전자 염기서열과 P34 유전자가 결실된 염기서열을 NCBI 데이터베이스에서 확인한 결과 P34 유전자가 결실된 염기서열에서 4 bp 가 삽입되었다는 것을 확인하였고, 그 부위에서 SSLP 마커를 개발하였다. 본 연구에서는 태광콩과 PI567476을 이용한 교배조합 $F_2$ 339개체를 개발한 분자표지마커로 확인하였다. 실험결과 태광콩 유형과 heterozygous 유형 및 PI567476 유형의 분리비는 85: 187: 67로 $X^2{_{0.05}}=5.99$, df=2에서 1:2:1의 분리비로 하나의 유전자가 관여한다는 것으로 나타났다. 앞으로 P34 단백질 관련 분자마커가 단백질 수준에서 정확히 일치하는지 확인 할 것이다.

Molecular Marker Analysis for Resistance of Soybean Cultivars to Soybean Cyst Nematode

  • Chung, Jong-Il;Park, Won-Gyeong;Park, Min-Jung;Ko, Mi-Suk
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제47권4호
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    • pp.319-322
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    • 2002
  • Soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe; SCN) is an important soybean pest and the use of resistant cultivars is the effective method to reduce or eliminate SCN damage. However, breeding for SCN resistance is difficult and expensive by the oligogenic nature of the resistance and genetic variability in the pathogen. Fortunately, SCN resistance loci, rhg1 and Rhg4 are generally accepted as a necessity for the development of resistant genotypes using any source of resistance. In this study, resistance of 44 Korean soybean cultivars to SCN was tested using two molecular markers. Seonheukkong and Pokwangkong were the homozygous to rhg1 locus. Seven cultivars were susceptible to SCN based on Satt309 marker linked rhg1 locus. All Korean cultivars estimated in this study were recessive homozygous to Rhg4 locus and were susceptible in the PCR reaction using primer 548/563 linked to the Rhg4 locus conferring resistance to SCN race 3. Among 44 cultivars estimated, seven cultivars were susceptible to SCN in both Satt309 and primer 548/563 markers. Based on both Satt309 and primer 548/563 markers, there is no resistant cultivar to SCN in Korea. Therefore, SCN resistant cultivars need to be developed in the future. These two markers can be used for improving SCN resistant cultivars.

Genetic Diversity of Soybean Pod Shape Based on Elliptic Fourier Descriptors

  • Truong Ngon T.;Gwag Jae-Gyun;Park Yong-Jin;Lee Suk-Ha
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제50권1호
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    • pp.60-66
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    • 2005
  • Pod shape of twenty soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) genotypes was evaluated quantitatively by image analysis using elliptic Fourier descriptors and their principal components. The closed contour of each pod projection was extracted, and 80 elliptic Fourier coefficients were calculated for each contour. The Fourier coefficients were standardized so that they were invariant of size, rotation, shift, and chain code starting point. Then, the principal components on the standardized Fourier coefficients were evaluated. The cumulative contribution at the fifth principal component was higher than $95\%$, indicating that the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth principal components represented the aspect ratio of the pod, the location of the pod centroid, the sharpness of the two pod tips and the roundness of the base in the pod contour, respectively. Analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic differences in these principal components and seed number per pod. As the principal components for pod shape varied continuously, pod shape might be controlled by polygenes. It was concluded that principal component scores based on elliptic Fourier descriptors yield seemed to be useful in quantitative parameters not only for evaluating soybean pod shape in a soybean breeding program but also for describing pod shape for evaluating soybean germplasm.

A Simple Method of Seedling Screening for Drought Tolerance in Soybean

  • Kim, Young-Jin;S. Shanmungasundaram;Yun, Song-Joong;Park, Ho-Ki;Park, Moon-Soo
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제46권4호
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    • pp.284-288
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    • 2001
  • Water deficit is a serious constraint to soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] production in rainfed regions of Asia, Africa, and America. This study was conducted to develop a simple and effective screening method for drought tolerance in soybean. Fifteen soybean cultivars, eight identified to be drought-tolerant and seven drought-sensitive in previous studies, were used for the evaluation of drought tolerance under the new screening conditions. The seedling screening method was consisted of a treatment in a PEG solution and drought treatment in parafilm-layered pots. 5-day-old seedlings were treated in a 18% PEG solution for 4 days and their wilting and hypocotyl browning were recorded. Three seedlings grown in a parafilm-layered pot containing peat moss were drought-stressed by withholding water from the third day after seedling emergence, and root and seedling growth were examined. Degree of drought tolerance were rated based on seedling vigor in the PEG solution and drought-stressed parafilm-layered pots, and also on the penetration ability of roots through parafilm layer. Most of seedlings of the drought-tolerant cultivars showed higher vigour and root penetration than those of the drought-sensitive cultivars under the new screening conditions. Our results indicate that the new method can be used as a simple and effective screening procedure for drought tolerance in soybean breeding programs.

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Growth Characteristics and Seed Yield of Medicinal Soybeans Collected in Korea

  • Seong, Rak-Chun;Hwang, Young-Hyun;Park, Chang-Ki
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제43권2호
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    • pp.105-112
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    • 1998
  • Seeds of medicinal soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merill] are characterized by a black seed coat, white stripe at hilum border, yellow cotyledon, and very small seed weight. Production of this medicinal soybean has recently increased as a consumption increased. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth characteristics and seed yield of collected medicinal soybeans and to obtain basic information on production practices and breeding materials. The collected medicinal soybean lines were cultivated at three locations for two years. Twenty-seven lines were planted at the Research Farm, Korea University, Namyangju city, on May 23, and at the Research Farm, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, on May 20, 1995. In 1996 field experiments, forty-four lines were planted on May 25, at Research Farm, Korea University, and twenty-seven lines among those were planted on June 7 at the Research Farm of National Yeongnam Agricultural Experiment Station, Milyang city. The investigated lines had purple or white flower. Flowering and maturing dates were similar or later than those of the control cultivars. Branch number was greater for the investigated lines. One hundred-seed weight of the lines ranged from 8.5 to 15.0 g. Mean seed yields ranged from 1.54 to 2.89 MT/ha. Nine lines of the investigated medicinal soybeans showed higher yield capacity than the control cultivars. Further research should be done on the improvement of the production system and breeding program of medicinal soybeans.

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Distribution of Fatty Acids in Newly Developed Tissues of Soybean Seedlings

  • Dhakal, Krishna Hari;Jeong, Yeon-Shin;Ha, Tae-Joung;Baek, In-Youl;Yeo, Young-Keun;Hwang, Young-Hyun
    • 한국육종학회지
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.32-41
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    • 2011
  • The objective of this study was to determine the fatty acid composition of newly developed tissues of germinated soybean seeds. Five soybean accessions with varied fatty acid composition were allowed to germinate in sand under greenhouse conditions. Seedlings were picked up after 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 days of germination and freeze dried. The fatty acid composition of the newly developed tissues was analyzed by gas chromatography. Significant variation in fatty acid composition was observed between accessions, days of germination, and variety ${\times}$ day of germination in whole and the cotyledons. In the case of newly developed five tissues, significant variation in fatty acid composition were observed between days of germination except oleic acid for root, hypocotyl and epicotyl stem and except stearic acid for hypocotyl and unifoliate leaves while all the parameters were significantly different for accession. Significant interactions of accession and days of germination were observed for palmitic, linoleic and linolenic acid in all tissues; only for oleic acid in hypocotyl, epicotyl and unifoliate leaves; and only for stearic acid in root, hypocotyl, epicotyl and unifoliate leaves. During germination, the fatty acid composition of newly developed tissues changed dramatically but whole seedlings and cotyledons changed slightly. These tissues contained five major fatty acids as found in original seeds, but compositions were totally different from that of the seed: higher in palmitic, stearic and linolenic acid and lower in oleic and linoleic acid. New tissues conserved their fatty acid compositions regardless of genotypic variation in the original seeds.

LED 기반 콩[Glycine max (L.) Merr.] 세대단축 시스템 구축을 위한 조건 설정 (Establishing Optimal Conditions for LED-Based Speed Breeding System in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.])

  • 박규태;배지현;이주석;박수권;김둘이;문중경;서미숙
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제68권4호
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    • pp.304-312
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    • 2023
  • 본 연구에서는 LED 광원을 이용한 세대단축 시스템을 콩에 적용하기 위한 조건을 설정하고자 하였다. 생태형을 고려하여 선정한 12개 품종을 대상으로 광질, 광량, 그리고 토양 조건을 검토함으로써 콩에 최적화된 세대단축 시스템 프로토콜을 설정하는 것을 목표로 하였고, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 10시간의 단일 광 조건에서, 광질 1:1:1비율일 때, 광량이 400 PPFD에서 900 PPFD, 1,300 PPFD로 증가함에 따라 개화일수, 평균 절간장, 경장은 감소한 반면, 절수, 협수, 립수는 증가하였다. 2. 상토에서의 재배는 배양토에 비해 개체 별 절수, 협수, 립수가 50% 이상 증가하였다. 3. 광질에서 적색광의 비율이 증가한 2:1:1비율 조건은 1:1:1비율 조건과 비교하여 개화일수가 약 15일 이상 소요되는 것으로 나타났다. 4. 상기 조건에 따라 세대단축 시스템을 적용하였을 경우 모든 품종에서 약 30일 내외로 개화가 확인되었으며, 60일에서 70일 이내에 8립 이상의 종자 수확이 가능하였다. 5. 본 연구 결과로 구축된 세대단축 시스템을 적용한다면 연간 최대 6세대의 진전이 가능하며, 디지털 육종과 유전자 편집과 같은 현대적인 작물 육종 기술과의 결합을 통해 새로운 작물 개발을 가속화시킬 수 있을 것이다.

Lipoxygenase, Kunitz Trypsin inhibitor, 7Sα′-subunit 단백질이 결핍된 콩 계통의 선발 (Selection of Lipoxygenase, Kunitz Trypsin inhibitor and 7Sα′-subunit Protein Free Soybean Strain)

  • 성미경;김경록;박정수;한은희;남진우;정종일
    • 농업생명과학연구
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    • 제44권5호
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    • pp.29-33
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    • 2010
  • 콩은 식물성 단백질 및 지방의 주요 공급원이고 콩 종실에는 기능성 성분이 많이 함유되어져 있어 소비가 점차 증가하고 있지만 Lipoxygenase, Kunitz Trypsin inhibitor, $7S{\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ 단백질과 같은 성분들이 존재하는데 이는 품질과 영양가치를 떨어뜨리고 섭취시 알러지를 일으키기도 한다. 콩에서 유전적으로 이러한 성분이 결핍되어져 있는 유전자형의 선발은 품질이 우수한 콩 육종의 기초단계이다. "개척2호"와 PI506876의 교배로부터 434개의 $F_2$종자를 얻어 $F_2$종자의 일부를 사용하여 SDS-PAGE로 각각의 종자를 분석한 결과 Lipoxygenase와 Kunitz Trypsin inhibitor 및 7S의 ${\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ 단백질이 모두 결핍되어져 있는 lx1lx1lx2lx2lx3lx3titicgy1cgy1 유전자형을 가진 종자를 선발하여 $F_2$식물체로 길러 성숙 후 $F_3$종자를 수확하였다. $F_3$종자로부터 Lipoxygenase, Kunitz Trypsin inhibitor, $7S{\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ 단백질이 모두 결핍되어져 있음을 재확인하였으며 선발된 종자는 고품질 콩 품종 육성에 유용하게 활용될 것으로 기대된다.