• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2009

소구경말뚝공법은 시공시 진동이나 소음이 기존의 말뚝공법에 비해 적기 때문에 도심지에서도 원활한 시공이 가능하며, 지반의 교란이 적기 때문에 구조물 보강에도 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 지반의 지내력만으로 상부구조물의 하중을 지지하기 어렵다고 여겨지는 현장을 선정하여 기존 말뚝공법대신 소구경말뚝공법을 적용하였고, 소구경말뚝으로 보강된 지반의 변형계수를 구하여 직접 설계에 반영하였다. 그리고, 재하시험을 이용하여 현 지반의 허용지지력이 설계지지력 조건에 대해 만족하는지의 여부와 시험결과에 의해 산정한 변형계수에 의한 지반의 수치해석을 통한 기초의 안정성검토 결과를 통해 지지력 및 침하량을 관리하는 해석법을 제안하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.849-862
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• 2017

With growing interests in using bacterial biopolymers in geotechnical practices, identifying mechanical properties of soft gel-like biopolymers is important in predicting their efficacy in soil modification and treatment. As one of the promising candidates, dextran was found to be produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides. The model bacteria utilize sucrose as working material and synthesize both soluble and insoluble dextran which forms a complex and inhomogeneous polymer network. However, the traditional rheometer has a limitation to capture in situ properties of inherently porous and inhomogeneous biopolymers. Therefore, we used the particle tracking microrheology to characterize the material properties of the dextran polymer. TEM images revealed a range of pore size mostly less than $20{\mu}m$, showing large pores > $2{\mu}m$ and small pores within the solid matrix whose sizes are less than $1{\mu}m$. Microrheology data showed two distinct regimes in the bacterial dextran, purely viscous pore region of soluble dextran and viscoelastic region of the solid part of insoluble dextran matrix. Diffusive beads represented the soluble dextran dissolved in an aqueous phase, of which viscosity was three times higher than the growth medium viscosity. The local properties of the insoluble dextran were extracted from the results of the minimally moving beads embedded in the dextran matrix or trapped in small pores. At high frequency (${\omega}>0.2Hz$), the insoluble dextran showed the elastic behavior with the storage modulus of ~0.1 Pa. As frequency decreased, the insoluble dextran matrix exhibited the viscoelastic behavior with the decreasing storage modulus in the range of ${\sim}0.1-10^{-3}Pa$ and the increasing loss modulus in the range of ${\sim}10^{-4}-1\;Pa$. The obtained results provide a compilation of frequency-dependent rheological or viscoelastic properties of soft gel-like porous biopolymers at the particular conditions where soil bacteria produce bacterial biopolymers in subsurface.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.601-606
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• 2002

This study explored physical properties of a hardened cement and a concrete specimen using a high performance cement type solidification consisting of a weathered granite soil and a yellow soil mainly. Also the development of high performance cement type solidification was purposed for an intensity improvement and a long-term durability. As the experimental results, a mortar used by the weathered granite soil shows positive result, however using the yellow soil as a mortar Shows less positive result at the compressive strength. Also the dynamic modulus of elasticity measurement result, the concrete specimens used by the weathered granite and the yellow soil reached above 90%, so it seems to have the durability of freezing and thawing.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.109-122
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• 2012

An efficient and accurate algorithm is proposed to evaluate the reliability of cable-stayed bridges accounting for soil-pile interaction. The proposed algorithm integrates the finite-element method and the response surface method. The finite-element method is used to model the cable-stayed bridge including soil-pile interaction. The reliability index is evaluated based on the response surface method. Uncertainties in the superstructure, the substructure and load parameters are incorporated in the proposed algorithm. A long span steel cable-stayed bridge with a main span length of 1088 m built in China is considered as an illustrative example. The reliability of the bridge is evaluated for the strength and serviceability performance functions. Results of the study show that when strength limit states for both girder and tower are considered, soil-pile interaction has significant effects on the reliability of steel cable-stayed bridges. Further, a detailed sensitivity study shows that the modulus of subgrade reaction is the most important soil-pile interaction-related parameter influencing the reliability of steel cable-stayed bridges.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.82-93
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• 1991

The objective of this paper is to show that the soil-geotextile interaction needs to he addressed in addition to the usual tensile and modulus properties when the geotextile is being designed for a specific application. The soil-geotextile interaction can be directly assessed by standard direct shear test. The data presented here show that the shear strength paramaters describing the soil-geotextile interface can he greatly influenced by the type of the geotextile. In this investigation, we examined nine different geotextiles of varying construction and surface textures with two standard soil, under five loading conditions, and compared the shear strength and the frictional resistance with the corresponding values of soil itself The following conclusions were drawned from this study. 1. The shear stress-strain curve shows that there are the residual shear stresses at the soil-geotextile interface. Because of the hydraulic gradient between the soil and the geotextile, the excessive pore water can migrate into the geotextile and among the filaments and dissipate through the soil-geotextile interface. 2. The shear strength of the soil-geotextile interface is affected by the moisture content of the soil. At moisture content lower than the optimum water content of the Proctor compaction test, the shear strength of the soil-geotextile interface is greater. 3. The type and surface roughness of the geotextile have the greatest influence on the interface friction angle between the soil and the geotextile.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.95-108
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• 2023

Soft soil ground is a crucial factor limiting the development of the construction of transportation infrastructure in coastal areas. Soft soil is characterized by low strength, low permeability and high compressibility. However, the ordinary treatment method uses Portland cement to solidify the soft soil, which has low early strength and requires a long curing time. Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is an emerging method to address geo-environmental problems associated with geotechnical materials. In this study, a method of bio-cementitious mortars consisting of MICP and cement was proposed to stabilize the soft soil. A series of laboratory tests were conducted on MICP-treated and cement-MICP-treated (C-MICP-treated) soft soils to improve mechanical properties. Microscale observations were also undertaken to reveal the underlying mechanism of cement-soil treated by MICP. The results showed that cohesion and internal friction angles of MICP-treated soft soil were greater than those of remolded soft soil. The UCS, elastic modulus and toughness of C-MICP-treated soft soil with high moisture content (50%, 60%, 70%, 80%) were improved compared to traditional cement-soil. A remarkable difference was observed that the MICP process mainly played a role in the early curing stage (i.e., within 14 days) while cement hydration continued during the whole process. Micro-characterization revealed that the calcium carbonate filling the pores enhanced the soft soil.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제87권2호
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• pp.173-189
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• 2023

For a given structural geometry, the stiffness and damping parameters of the soil and the dynamic response of the structure may change in the face of an equivalent linear soil behavior caused by a strong earthquake. Therefore, the influence of equivalent linear soil behavior on the impedance functions form and the seismic response of the soil-structure system has been investigated. Through the substructure method, the seismic response of the selected structure was obtained by an analytical formulation based on the dynamic equilibrium of the soil-structure system modeled by an analog model with three degrees of freedom. Also, the dynamic response of the soil-structure system for a nonlinear soil behavior and for the two types of impedance function forms was also analyzed by 2D finite element modeling using ABAQUS software. The numerical results were compared with those of the analytical solution. After the investigation, the effect of soil nonlinearity clearly showed the critical role of soil stiffness loss under strong shaking, which is more complex than the linear elastic soil behavior, where the energy dissipation depends on the seismic motion amplitude and its frequency, the impedance function types, the shear modulus reduction and the damping increase. Excellent agreement between finite element analysis and analytical results has been obtained due to the reasonable representation of the model.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.125-131
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• 1989

도로포장(道路鋪裝)은 그 수명기간내(壽命其間內)에 다수(多數)의 반복하중(反復荷重)을 받는 데, 이 반복된 재하(재하)에 의해 영구변형(永久變形)과 피로파괴(疲勞破壞)가 발생하여, 포장(鋪裝) 공용성(供用性)이 저하(低下)된다. 따라서 높은 공용성(供用性)을 유지(維持)하려면, 포장(鋪裝)의 각부(各部)에서 이와 같은 문제(問題)의 발생(發生)을 막고, 포장(鋪裝)의 안정성(安定性)을 향상(向上)시키기 위해서는 노반(路盤), 노상(路床)에 대해서 반복재하에 따른 영구변형(永久變形)이나 피로파괴(疲勞破壞)의 문제(問題)를 해결하는 것이 중요하다. 이와 같은 관점(觀點)에서 본(本) 연구(硏究)는 $20kg/cm^2$의 7일 강도를 갖는 각각 시멘트량 92%와 18.3%인 사질토 soil-cement와 점성토 soil-cement에 있어서 반복하중(反復荷重)을 가하였을 때의 변형특성(變形特性)에 대해서 검토(檢討)하였다. 연구 결과, 사질토 soil-cement의 탄성계수는 점성토 soil-cementt 보다 크며, 반복횟수 $1{\times}10^3$회(回)까지 탄성계수가 감소하고, 그 후 $1{\times}10^5$회(回)까지는 증가하였다. 또한 일축압축강도(一軸壓縮强度)는 약 30% 정도의 강도증가(强度增加) 나타냈다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2010

The roller compacted concrete (RCC) is supposed to be isotropic, whereas the compaction of this material, which is achieved using the same machines used for the soil, appears only unidirectional, making the RCC an anisotropic material. In this experimental work, the influence of the phenomenon of compaction on the isotropy of the RCC is studied. This study was carried out through an evaluation of the compressive strengths and ultrasonic tests which were used for measurements of the elastic modulus and the dynamic Poisson's ratio of the RCC as well as a qualitative judgement of the RCC aspect at the hardened state. The results of this work proved the anisotropy of the RCC and they showed the sensitivity of the mechanical strengths and the elastic modulus to the compaction direction.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.255-262
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• 2000

Shaking table tests were peformed to evaluate the subgrade reaction of ground according to the build-up of pore water pressure. Model pile was installed in the sand ground. The acceleration of the model ground, the pore water pressure build-up and displacement of pile were recorded by measuring devices. Subgrade reaction approach based on Winker soil model was applied to obtain the modulus of the horizontal subgrade reaction. The results of analysis show that the reduction factor of the subgrade reaction due to pore pressure increase is about 1 and the horizontal subgrade reaction of liquefied ground is not influenced by the stiffness of pile, a ground acceleration and the intial ground density.