• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.51-58
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• 1995

To prepare a durable softening water repellent, quaternized octadecyl methacrylate-2-diethyl-aminoethyl methacrylate as a mother resin and quaternized 1, 3-dioctadecyl-2, 7-dioxy-6, 8-di(2-hydroxyethyl)-1, 3, 6, 8-tetraazacyclodecane which increase the softening effect and the hydrostatic pressure blended with waxes and their emulsifier in various proportions to give water repellent PADWC. As the results of the measurement of water repellency, washable, tear strength and crease recovery to polyestercotton(P/C) blended fabrics treated with PADWC only or addition of textile finishing resin, the physical properties were increased. There was no significant lowering effect in water repellency when PADWC was treated the antistatic agent by the one-bath method, and the effect of water repellency by the adding the catalyst was studied. PADWC was confirmed as durable water repellent with the results of making little difference of water repellency as ${\pm}5$ point after and before washing.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2009

Asphalt sealants for the crack repair of asphalt concrete road were prepared using waste lubricant oil in this work. The waste lubricant oil was compounded with asphalt(AP-5), SBS triblock copolymer, a tackifying agent(petroleum resin), and antioxidants. Cone penetration, softening point, ductility, elongation by tensile adhesion, and resilience of asphalt sealant compounds were measured. Cone penetration of asphalt sealant compounds increased with the increase of waste lubricant oil content while their softening point, ductility, and resilience decreased. By the addition of talc as an extender, softening point and resilience of asphalt sealants increased, but cone penetration, ductility, and elongation by tensile adhesion of those decreased with the proportion of talc content. The most economic asphalt sealant which could pass an ASTM specification could be manufactured by the big decrement of petroleum resin content.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.67-72
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• 1988

Poly (HPMA/NVP) hydrogel was synthesized according to the composition and the con- centration of the crosslinking agent. The swelling degree of the P(HPMA/NVP) hydrogel decreased with increasing of P(HPMA) composition and crosslinking agent. The glass transi- tion and softening temperatures of the P(HPMA/NVP) increased with increasing of P(HPMA) composition. The composition of P(HPMA/NVP) : 70/30 and the concentration of the crosslin- king agent of 0.5 wt % gave the optimum condition in the application to the contact lens. There were also adequate in the mechanical, refractive properties and in vivo test in the P(HPMA/ NVP): 70/30 system.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.92-98
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• 1996

Pectic materials, which are widely spread in the plant cell wall as plant carbohydrates, plays a great role in food Industry that acts as a softening agent of fruits and vegetables, and gel forming agents. To study physiochemical properties and industrial applications of pectic enzymes that hydrolyzes pectin, classification, assay method and Industrial application are reviewed based on previous results.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 1994

To improve the antimicrobial activity and crease resistance of Korean traditional Hansan ramie fabrics, partially saponified polyethylene(PPS) was used as a softening water repellent agent and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl dimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride(QAC) as a antimicrobial agent. The antimicrobial activity was effective by treatments of PPS, QAC and PPS/QAC for shake flask test. For the halo test, PPS/QAC showed good antimicrobial activity. It was found that the desirable composition of H$_{2}$O/PPS/QAC is 98/1/1 for improving the antimicrobial activity and crease resistance of the fabrics.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.222-230
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• 2022

In this study, a low-heat additive with a crosslink structure was dispersed in asphalt to simultaneously lower the production temperature of, and to modify the asphalt binder. This low-heat additive was prepared by different feeding ratios of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) and polyvinylchloride (PVC) as polymer modifiers, and ZnO as a crosslinking agent. In order to confirm the crosslinking density and compatibility of the crosslink structured low-heat additive with asphalt, surface free energy, swelling ratio, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) parameters were carefully investigated to examine this relationship, and the role of the crosslink structured low-heat additive. In addition, by measuring the penetration and softening point of the asphalt binder, it was confirmed that it corresponds to PG 64-22. With increasing ZnO in the crosslink structured low-heat additive, the swelling ratio decreased, leading to an increase in crosslinking density. The crosslink structured low-heat additive and the asphalt binder were found to be compatible with each other by DSC and SEM analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 1996

Durable softening water-repellenting agent such as PODCW, PDDCW and PEDCW were prepared by blending cationized compound such as poly(octadecyl methacrylate-co-2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate)[PODC], poly(2-dodecyl methacrylate-co-2-diethyl-aminoethyl methacrylate)[PDDC] and poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate-co-2-diethyl-aminoethyl methacrylate)[PEDC], and cationized compound of fatty carbamide, of which synthetic methods were reported in the previous paper, waxes, and emulsifiers. The results of physical tests of the P/C blended fabrics treated with PODCW, PDDCW and PEDCW with and without textile finishing resin, showed a remarkable improvement of the physical properties. The prepared water-repellenting agents, PODCW-6 and PDDCW-1, were treated on P/C blended fabrics with and without resin. For any cases, there are a little changes between initial water repellency and repellency after 3 times washing of the fabrics. Therefore, the water-repellenting agents proved to be a durable agents, and initial water $100^{+}$ and $90^{+}$ point, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.137-140
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• 2006

This paper describes a technique combining chemometrics with UV spectroscopy for the determination of the concentra tions of two tissue additives (i.e., wet strength and softening agents) in a cellulose fiber containing solution. In single as ent solutions, the concentration of the additive can be measured by UV spectroscopy at the wavelength where the species having absorption. For a binary (i.e., containing two additives) solution system, the spectral characterization is very complicated. However, if aided by a chemometrical calibration technique, each additive in the binary solution can be quantified simultaneously. The present method is very rapid and simple, it can easily perform a continuous measurement in the changes in the additives' concentration after fiber addition, and therefore this becomes a valuable tool for the adsorption kinetics study of chemical additives onto the cellulose fibers. The time-dependent adsorption behaviors of the wet-strength, softening agent, and their both on fiber were also presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.754-764
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• 2010

Most silk fabrics are produced only after the degumming process to make the best use of the properties and have restricted silk processing that do not hinder their performance. However, considering the highly increased preference for natural fibers and the shortage of raw silk, high-quality upgraded silk product functions are required by the development of a processing technology and a good design. This study analyzes the changes with the samples by the functional finish such as softening finishing, wash and wear, tannin weighting by measuring the objective hand of scoured silk and three finished ones using KES-FB. As a result, the change of objective hand of finished silk fabrics that improves functionality was analyzed and compared. The increase of KOSHI after the finish became stiffer show that the silk fabric samples are appropriate for summertime clothes with the retention of a certain clothing climate for the body. The stiffness of finished fabrics for the normal had a closer relationship with the density of fabrics than the type of finishing. The samples (after the softening finishes) maintain better elasticity according to the properties of the softener and the finishing agent. Although the specimens of this study were thin fabrics, their elasticity against compression increased after the softening finishes and became softer than degummed silk. The surface properties of georgette were changed by all types of finishing.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.345-356
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• 1994

Each of the three cationized compounds synthesized previously, poly(OMA-co-DAMA)[PODC], poly(DMA-co-DAMA)[PDDC] and poly(EMA-co-DAMA)[PEDC] was blended with waxes, emulsifiers and cationized fatty carbamide(ODTCC) synthesized in this study for the preparation of some durable softening water-repellenting agents, PODCW, PDDCW and PEDCW. The results of washability, tearing strength, crease recovery and contact angle of the cotton fabrics treated with PODCW, PDDCW and PEDCW with and without textile finishing resin, showed remarkable improvement of the physical properties. Rating of water repellency of cotton fabric treated with PODCW was 80, but those treated with PDDCW and PEDCW were not high enough to use in industry. Proper curing temperature of the synthesized water-repelleting agents was $140^{\circ}C$; proper using concentration was 3wt%; sodium acetate was the best catalyst for water-repellenting agents among the used, and proper concentration was 0.6wt%. From the results of reaction mechanism of cellulosic fiber with water-repellenting agent and washability of the fibers treated with water-repellenting agents the prepared water-repellenting agent proved to be durable. Surface structures of cotton fabrics treated with water-repellenting agent were investigated by SEM.