• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.55-73
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• 2021

Purpose -This study aims to determine how the characteristics of the airline's SNS marketing affects brand image, brand attitude according to perceived values, and to analyze the impact of SNS marketing factors. It was intended to provide theoretical and practical implications for airlines to refer to SNS marketing activities. Research design, data, and methodology -A questionnaire was formed based on previous studies, and then an online questionnaire was created to conduct a survey. Explained the purpose and asked to respond. From February 1 to 14, 2020, 333 responses with a valid number of samples were confirmed for the final analysis of the data. The questionnaire was composed of five areas: demographic characteristics, SNS factor, brand image, brand attitude, and perceived value. Result -Airline's SNS marketing, brand image, and brand attitude are affected by the gender, age, and SNS usage time of the user, and the perceived value of the user is shown to be controlled by the airline's SNS marketing's influence on brand image and brand attitude. Conclusion -When SNS is to be effectively used for airline marketing, it is necessary to pay attention to the demographic characteristics and the control effect of perceived value, and use it for airline management. The perceived value has been shown to affect SNS marketing's brand image and brand attitude.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.28-32
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• 2021

The article discusses the theoretical and methodological part that characterizes and assessment of the current state of the theory of GR-activity, disclosed the essence and content of the concept of GR-technologies, as well as their classification. The analysis of the system of additional education for children in the social structure, as well as the analysis of the current state of the education system is carried out. The formulation of tasks for the construction of an effective model for the use of GR-technologies in the process of developing the education system using GR-technologies

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.401-410
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• 2021

The study tests resilience and work ethics as mediators between charismatic leadership and affective commitment to change. Many organizations, such as banking, insurance companies, and financial institutions, face strong competition and consequently need to effect considerable change within the organization. Many variables have a significant impact on the success of organizational change, and people (resilience and work ethics) as well as change leaders are primary variables in this research. This study, using structural equation modeling, was conducted on a sample of 355 employees from banking and insurance companies. In this study, the inventory of affective commitment to change, the Conger-Kanungo charismatic leadership scale, resilience, and work ethic inventory was used. The results showed that resilience is a partial mediator between charismatic leadership and affective commitment to change. Meanwhile, work ethic was not a mediator between the two variables. The results showed that charismatic leadership can have a direct, positive, and significant impact on affective commitment to change without mediators, and that resilience can act as partial mediator. Furthermore, work ethic had a significant and positive effect on affective commitment to change through resilience. In other words, resilience is a full mediator for the impact of work ethic on affective commitment to change.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.943-952
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on corporate governance attributes and firm performance association. This research used a sample of 188 non-financial firms from the Malaysian market for the years 2019-2020. We found that the COVID-19 has affected all firm characteristics including firm performance, governance structure, dividend, liquidity, and leverage level, yet, the difference between prior and post COVID-19 pandemic is not significant. Also, the investigation revealed that board size exerts a significant positive impact on firm performance. After splitting the sample based on year, however, we found that board size does not matter in the uncertain time of the current crisis, while board diversity appeared to be significantly enhancing firm performance in the crisis time compared to the prior year where it has an inverse association with firm performance in both indicators. Board meetings and audit committee meetings seemed to have a significant negative influence on firm performance pre and post-COVID-19. This study contributes to the limited literature by providing the first empirical evidence on the impact of Coronavirus on the firm performance and corporate governance association.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.563-572
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate the implementation of village fund (VF) policy in Indonesia by addressing the following issues: (1) what is the VF policy; (2) factors that support and hinder policy implementation; (3) impact of policy implementation; and (4) model for implementing village fund policies that can improve community welfare. Through a descriptive qualitative-based approach, several indicators are measured, namely, the substance of implementing rules, the results of project implementation, supporting and inhibiting factors for policies, participation factors, and the impact generated by village fund policies, which include social and economic effects. The extraction of this information and indicators will lead this study to produce ideal models and propositions for quantitative confirmatory research as a future research agenda. This study was conducted in two villages (Mojomulyo and Tambakromo) in Pati District, Central Java, Indonesia. Data collection model using interviews and observations from all actors who play a role (e.g., village government, village supervisory agency, and community). The study results show that policies have been implemented by normative rules; there are several supporting and inhibiting factors both internal and external. The study results also confirm the relevance of the articulated theory and some comprehensive input to our study.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1147-1156
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• 2021

This study aims to examine the role of resilience in academic engagement and also to evaluate the theoretical model of the relationships between resilience and engagement. A survey of faculty members in 20 study programs from 12 universities in Jakarta was conducted, Where 247 questionnaires were returned from the 495 distributed. Furthermore, 240 valid data were available for evaluation in order to test the model, and a confirmatory Structural Equation Modelling was conducted, using AMOS 20. Criteria of goodness-fit demonstrated the relatively adequate model, and the coefficient of structural path describes the potential of the links. Three out of four paths available significantly showed the role of developmental persistency and positive emotions on work engagement. The participants of the study include only constituted academics of private universities in Indonesia. Thus there is a need for better care in interpreting the level of resilience and engagement, as engagement may vary when used in a different context. The study suggests interventions for practitioners, not only for academia in the higher education context but also for other professionals in managing engagement at the individual or team level. Therefore, combining resilience and engagement programs may contribute to an enhancement in the productivity of employees.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2021

Purpose - This study aims to analyze 7-Eleven's specific competitive advantage strategy according to changes in the Japanese convenience store industry by selecting 7-Eleven, a leading company in the Japanese convenience store industry, as a representative case study. Research design, data, and methodology - Due to the current COVID-19 situation, fact-finding such as interviews with key managers through visiting surveys was not possible, so this case study was carried out based on the literature such as official and unofficial data collected from the companies through e-mail and articles that have been published outside. Result - As a result of the analysis, the researcher found that five competing strategy factors, such as dominant strategy, innovative logistics system strategy, information system development strategy, joint product development strategy, and direct communication strategy have closely maintained the mutual relation to form a combined strategy focusing on the franchise development strategy. Conclusion - The competitive advantage of 7-Eleven is thought to have secured its competitive advantage by combining the five competitive strategies complementarily for rapid response to change, cost advantage, and differentiated advantage. The management implications specified in this study can be considered a reference for establishing a competitive strategy for sustainable growth of the convenience store industry in the fierce competition and saturated market environment of Korean convenience stores.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.19-28
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• 2020

Purpose - This study aims to lay the foundation for a desirable direction to solve future environmental problems through framework research on environmental cooperation according to distribution of urbanization between South and North Korea. The article also attempts to explore solution to two Koreas' environmental problems from the cooperative perspective between South and North Korea and draw future policy tasks. Research design, data, and methodology - For methodology, North Korea's legal system to cope with disasters is taken into consideration in terms of literature review. This study also analyzes a series of processes related to North Korea's disaster management through case study, and draws policy measures for North and South Korea's cooperation scope and methods. Result - The results support that North Korea is very vulnerable to environmental disasters due to food shortages, economic sanctions, and enormous natural disaster damages including flood damages occurring each year, because of the lack of disaster prevention infrastructure such as river maintenance. Conclusion - At the current time when North and South Koran exchange and cooperation increase, a disaster management cooperative system is needed for the areas where South and North Korea manage through division. It also suggests that there is a need to establish regulations and procedures for support items in advance for a quick response to disasters in North Korean region.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.167-183
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• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to achieve effective system improvement and operation methods for the improvements on the ability of firms'preparation of the financial statements Design/methodology/approach - This study conducts a survey of not only the accounting staff but also accounting specialist such as CPA or CTA. Findings - For the improvements on the ability of firms'preparation of the financial statements, comprehensive improvement in accounting education is needed as follows. First, the focus of accounting education should be converted to the consolidated financial statements, case study and analysis of accounting standards. Second, Financial Supervisory Service and Korea Accounting Institute in cooperation with accountancy firm need to create an accounting education program. Third, the focus of accounting education should be converted to consumer oriented education by providing accounting knowledge with various methods of teaching. Fourth, this study suggests the creation of the committee on Accounting Education. Research implications or Originality - As a result of the incorrect practice of firms'relying on auditors to prepare the financial statements, social concerns about the reliability of accounting information are raised because the incorrect practice decreases the auditor's independence and weaken the auditor's ability to verify accounting information. Therefore, this study analyzes the current status of auditors'preparation of the financial statements.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2021

Purpose - This study examines the regressive estate taxation issues and seeks measures for the rationalization of property taxation. Although various discussions on the reorganization of property taxation have been made, discourses on how much property taxation burden is given to homeowners and on whether the increase of property taxation should be shifted to tenants have not been properly carried out. Research design, data, and methodology - Therefore this study examined the property taxation issues and sought measures for the rationalization of property taxation based on homeowners' social and economic characteristics. This study deals with discussions on the directions for rational real estate reorganization and what desirable real estate market stabilization polices are. Result - This study investigates what issues and disputes the powerful real estate policies to ease overheat of the real estate market have caused and seeks directions to solve those. Conclusion - The study results supports that the real estate taxation would be levied in proportion to the economic capacity of real estate owners to pay taxes. It implies that tax levy not only in conjunction with income, but also in combination with existing real estate assets would be considered to be desirable in terms of comprehensive tax justice.