• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.98-110
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identify pre-service elementary school teachers' difficulties and needs in the science class utilizing smart technologies. The participants were nine pre-service elementary teachers who had practical training at an elementary school and took classes related to technology, pedagogy, and science knowledge. The data was collected through semi-constructed and in-depth interviews. The documents such as participants' guidance plans, daily records produced in teaching practice was collected and analyzed. The results of the research are as follow: Pre-service teachers have usually used the technology as a secondary transfer media to convey the knowledge. We found that the pre-service elementary teachers had 15 difficulties in the science class utilizing smart technologies. In addition, they needed a class to focus more on teaching them by integrating technology knowledge, pedagogy knowledge, and science knowledge, and by sharing a real case of science class utilizing smart technologies.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.85-100
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• 2014

Purpose - Recently, the prevalence of high-speed mobile communication technology (4G) and mobile devices (smart phones, tablet PC, etc.) is leading innovative changes across all fields in society as well as business environments. Furthermore, a diversified mobile application service has spread rapidly through mobile devices such as smart phones and tablet PCs. Accordingly, the traditional E-government services paradigm has rapidly changed into mobile intelligence. To identify the influencing factors on the using intention of G4C smart app services, based on previous studies, the variables that influence using G4C smart app services are defined; these are user cognitive factors (perceived usefulness, perceived easiness), user characteristics factors (user innovativeness, self-efficiency, social influence), service quality factors (convenience, interactivity, accessibility), and system quality factors (instant connectivity, safety). Research design, data, and methodology - This is designed not only to collect data with a questionnaire survey (9/22/13~10/23/13) but also to test hypotheses with SEM by SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 in both Korea and China. All items are used with Likert 5 scales. A total of 643 questionnaires (Korea 318, China 325) are used. Results - The perceived usefulness and perceived easiness in user cognitive factors have positive influence on using intention. The user innovativeness, self-efficiency, and social factors in user characteristics factors have positive influences on using intention. The convenience, interactivity, and accessibility in service quality factors have positive influences on both reliability and using intention. Safety in system quality has positive influence on both reliability and using intention. Reliability has positive influence on using intention. The control variables (Korea and China) affect its control hypothesis. Strategies and implications are suggested to assist the public using the intention of smartphone's e-government services based on the results of the empirical analysis. The mobile application service can be considered a new emergence of the paradigm just like the government's on-line portal websites appeared in the past. Under this prevailing situation of mobile smart devices, to promote the success of e-government mobile APP services, accurate analysis and understanding of users should precede anything, to provide services to grasp and satisfy users' desire properly. Conclusions - This study proposes implications to help E-governmental officers and companies make strategies. First, this is expected to give some information on the understanding and knowledge regarding the process of G4C smart APP service based on the empirical study. Second, this helps to make future policies and ways about E-government G4C smart APP service. Third, it is proved that super speed mobile communication technology and devices including phones will be crucial to change the structure of E-government services in 2-3 years. Fourth, it is necessary to increase the trust and using intention of users. Fifth, considering what type of environment users are placed in, to present proper public information matching their inclination, is important. Finally, various ways of experiencing service to explore potential users and ceaseless public relations are required.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.247-251
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• 2014

As smart education increases the demand for new teaching-learning methods, teacher training colleges need to systematize smart education teaching-learning methods for pre-service teachers. This study designed a smart education teaching-learning model, which is applicable to pre-service teachers, by analyzing the smart education teaching-learning types for primary and secondary schools at national and international levels and by analyzing the Creation Teaching Learning Assessment (CTLA) model. The goal of smart education is to reinforce capability of learners. The smart education teaching-learning model designed to help pre-service teachers reinforce their smart literacy is suitable for reinforcing capability of future learners to receive smart education. The smart education teaching-learning model in this study was designed as a 15-week teaching plan applicable to pre-service teachers at teacher training colleges. In the teaching-learning model, problem-based learning (PBL), a situated learning model, and cooperative learning model were applied to weekly instructions. Further research should be conducted to prove its effectiveness in allowing pre-service teachers to reinforce their smart literacy by making gradual improvement in this model and to develop and test smart education teaching-learning models constantly.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

Variety of smart devices including smart phone have become and essential item in user's daily life. This means that smart devices are good mediators to get collecting user's behavior by sensors mounted on the devices. The information from smart devices is important clues to identify by analyzing the user's preferences and needs. Through this, the intelligent service which is fitted to the user is possible. This paper propose a smart service recommendation model based on user scenario using fusion context-awareness. The information for recommendation services is collected to make the scenario depending on time, location, action based on the Fusion process. The scenarios can help predict a user's situation and provide the services in advance. Also, content categories as well as the content types are determined depending on the scenario. The scenario is a method for providing the best service as well as a basis for the user's situation. Using this method, proposing a smart service model with the fusion context-awareness based on the hybrid sensing is the goal of this paper.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

Five smart grid projects was started with large scale at Jeju Island in South Korea from 2009, and smart-grid test-bed was started in Nov. 2010. The five projects are Smart Power Grid (SPG), Smart Renewable (SR), Smart Transportation (ST), Smart Place (SP) and Smart Electric Service (SES). Korea government constructed the smart grid public relations center at Nov. 2010 in Jeju Island and there will be continued the field operation and interface testing among five smart gird projects until May. 2013.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.117-123
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• 2013

The development of the latest emotional recognition and multimedia technology has changed the traditional broadcasting system. The previous broadcasting system, which was operated by the terrestrial broadcasters, is now transformed to the viewer-centered and bidirectional broadcasting through the convergence of internet, mobile and smart TV. In this paper, smart-phone application for estimating human emotion(sadness, anger, depression) has been developed and emerged with smart TV, thereby we can present broadcasting service for enhancing the sense of common humanity among people of same group. If there is friend in the depression, we can bring comfort to him by inviting one for TV program what I watch and having a honest talk with facial avatar or emoticon. The proposed emotional broadcasting service inter-working with smart-phone application can give feeling of belonging and happiness to the people suffering from the blues, and it can prevent him from attempting suicide. In addition, smart-phone based emotional broadcasting service can be expended to program recommendation service customized to user's emotion, emotional LED lighting service to maximize the sense of reality and home shopping service taking advantage of the mood of customer.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.161-170
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• 2015

This research aims to propose new direction of mobile collaborative service by supplying functional supports which surpass data resource in smart devices. In this paper, we present Smart Collaboration Service Model that supports two types of collaboration, so called Supplying Collaboration and Sharing Collaboration. This model is a platform for supporting the resources as follows; sharing of data contact in other devices and supplying of special functions, like camera operation and picture transmission from other devices. To show its applicability, a prototype of Smart Collaboration Service Model has been implemented in the Android application for exchanging contact data and renting camera function. We expect that Smart Collaboration Service Model is to help the emergence for a new type of collaboration service. Also, user can reduces resource wastes for device as well as form personal smart space by utilizing all devices owned.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.12B
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• pp.767-778
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a Intelligent Service Reasoning (ISR) model using data mining in smart home environments. Our model creates a service tree used for service reasoning on the basis of C4.5 algorithm, one of decision tree algorithms, and reasons service that will be offered to users through quantitative weight estimation algorithm that uses quantitative characteristic rule and quantitative discriminant rule. The effectiveness in the performance of the developed model is validated through a smart home-network simulation.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.597-605
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• 2012

With the smart grid coming near, wide-area supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) becomes more and more important. However, traditional SCADA systems are not suitable for the openness and distribution requirements of smart grid. Distributed SCADA services should be openly composable and secure. Event-driven methodology makes service collaborations more real-time and flexible because of the space, time and control decoupling of event producer and consumer, which gives us an appropriate foundation. Our SCADA services are constructed and integrated based on distributed events in this paper. Unfortunately, an event-driven SCADA service does not know who consumes its events, and consumers do not know who produces the events either. In this environment, a SCADA service cannot directly control access because of anonymous and multicast interactions. In this paper, a distributed security framework is proposed to protect not only service operations but also data contents in smart grid environments. Finally, a security implementation scheme is given for SCADA services.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.288-298
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• 2008

We introduce new type of networked robot, Ubiquitous Robotic Companion (URC), embedded with ATLAS Service-oriented architecture for enhancing the space sensing capability. URC is a network-based robotic system developed by ETRI. For years of experience in deploying service with ATLAS sensor platform for elder and people with special needs in smart houses, we need networked robots to assist elder people in their successful daily living. Recently, pervasive computing technologies reveals possibilities of networked robots in smart spaces, consist of sensors, actuators and smart devices can collaborate with the other networked robot as a mobile sensing platform, a complex and sophisticated actuator and a human interface. This paper provides our experience in designing and implementing system architecture to integrate URC robots in pervasive computing environments using the University of Florida's ATLAS service-oriented architecture. In this paper, we focus on the integrated framework architecture of URC embedded with ATLAS platform. We show how the integrated URC system is enabled to provide better services which enhance the space sensing of URC in the smart space by applying service-oriented architecture characterized as flexibility in adding or deleting service components of Ubiquitous Robotic Companion.