• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.39-52
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• 2022

사면의 안전율과 임계활동면을 다층 퍼셉트론 신경망(multi-layer perceptron, MLP)을 이용하여 구할 수 있도록 훈련하였다. 사면의 형상은 한국의 설계기준을 참고한 단순 사면으로, 건조한 경우와 지하수위가 존재하는 경우를 모두 고려하였으며 사면을 구성하는 토질의 물성은 세립분을 포함한 사질토로 고려하였다. 훈련에 필요한 데이터를 만들 때 한계평형해석법을 이용하여 42,000가지 경우의 사면안정해석을 수행하였고, 지하수위가 고려된 도메인의 해석에서 불포화토의 모관흡수력으로 인한 유효응력 증가를 고려하였다. 지하수와 유효응력의 분포를 사면안정해석에 적용할 수 있도록 정상상태 침투 해석을 수행하였다. 사면을 표현하는 물성을 입력하면 안전율과 원호 파괴면을 예측할 수 있는 MLP 모델과 모델의 성능을 정량적으로 평가할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2006

사면안정해석은 많은 불확실한 요인을 내포하는 지반공학적 문제이다. 이러한 불확실성 중 일부는 해석 수행과정에 필요한 지반 물성의 변동성과관련이 있다 본 연구에서는 확률론적 사면안정 해석기법을 개발하기 위하여 절편법의 일종인 Spencer의 방법을 바탕으로 한 결정론적 해석방법을 지반정수의 불확실성과 공간적 변동성을 고려할 수 있도록 확장하였다. 제안된 방법은 Hasofer-Lind의 신뢰지수를 구하는 일차신뢰도법과 Monte-Carlo Simulation을 바탕으로 한다. 지반정수의 변화에 따른 파괴확률의 변화를 구하기 위해 단일지층과 2층 지반의 사면에 대한 확률론적 사면안정 해석을 수행하였다. 예제의 결과는 사면안정해석에 대한 지반의 불확실성을 고려할 수 있는 관점을 제시하며 확률론적 해석결과에 미치는 지반정수의 공간적 변동성의 영향을 보여준다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.475-490
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• 2010

L 석회석 광산에서 폐석 덤핑 투하 지점이 놓인 위치에 따라 폐석층 또는 암반층에 따라 구분하고 총11개의 폐석 적치장중 7개소를 대상으로 사면안정해석을 수행하였다. 폐석층에 대해서는 Bishop 법을 이용한 원호파괴 해석과 유한요소법을 적용하였으며, 암반층은 평사투영법에 의해 잠재적인 파괴 가능성을 분석하고 한계평형법 해석에 의해 안전율을 산정하였다. 또한 암반사면의 전체적인 거동을 파악하기 위해 유한요소법을 적용하였다. 이 때 유한요소법으로 사면의 안정성을 안전율로 표시하기 위하여 강도감소법을 이용하였다. 안정 해석결과 폐석층 사면은 D 지역에서, 그리고 암반층의 경우 F와 G 지역에서 사면의 안정성 확보가 곤란한 것으로 평가되었으며, 아울러 폐석 적치장의 해석결과를 토대로 안정성을 확보하기 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 즉, D 지역의 사면은 파괴 활동면을 벗어난 지역에서 덤핑 후 도져에 의해 Push하는 방안이 필요하며, F와 G지역은 단층대 발달이 없는 지역으로 덤핑-투하 지점을 이동하여 적치하는 방안을 추천하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.1022-1028
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• 2008

From the result of precise field investigation and stability examination for the rock slope, following results were acquired. 1. The weathering rock itself, existing fault zone and underground water complexly effect cut slope so that plane destruction may appear by fault zone. 2. The reinforcement force was decided by the result of limit equilibrium. 3. For rock cut slope, the Rock Bolt was judged as the most proper method to the cut slope as comparing/analyzing Rock Anchor, Rock Bolt and method after relaxing the slope.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.133-152
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• 1994

In the present study, an economic design of Anchored Geosynthetic(AG) System applied mainly to reinforce unstable soil slopes is investigated. For this purpose methods of stability analysis are developed to determine the optimum installation angle, required minimum length and maximum spacing of nails. Anchorage of nails within the soil mass is achieved by frictional resistance to pull out along the effective length of the nails. Cases of infinite slope and finite slope are dealt with individually. Silce methods of stability analysis developed in the present study are limit-equilibrium-based. For the case of finite slope Spencer method which considers interslice force is modified to evalyate the overall stability. In addition, the effects of various design parameters on requried length and spacing of nails corresponding to the optimum orientation of nails are analyzed. Based on the analysis, a simplified equation is given for the optimum nail orientation. Also the importance of optimum nail orientation is illustrated throughout design example, and the appropriateness of judgment criterion are examined.

• 지질공학
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.383-396
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• 2014

사면붕괴에 따른 재해에 효과적으로 대응하기 위해서는 사면의 상태, 특성, 안정성과 사면붕괴시의 피해도에 대한 분석이 필요하다. 이 연구에서는 사면 관리에 필요한 다양한 항목을 포함하고 있는 사면기호시스템(Slope Code System, SCS)을 제안하고 있다. SCS는 사면의 상태, 지질특성, 공학적 안정성, 피해도 등을 평가하여 사면의 특성을 구체적으로 표현할 수 있으며, 평가방법도 비교적 쉽게 할 수 있다. SCS는 5가지의 평가 요소로 구성되어 있는데, '요소-1'은 사면의 구성물질을 나타내며, '요소-2'는 사면의 지질학적 특성을 성인에 따른 암종(rock type)과 지질구조로 나타낸다. '요소-3'은 사면의 공학적 안정성 평가하며, '요소-4'는 보호 보강 상태를 나타낸다. 마지막으로 '요소-5'는 사면붕괴 시 발생될 수 있는 피해의 정도를 나타낸다. SCS의 5가지 평가 요소들은 각각 평가 결과를 나타내는 고유한 분류 기호들을 가지고 있으며, 각 요소별 평가 결과로부터 부여된 5개의 기호들을 조합하여 사면의 종합적인 상태를 나타낸다. SCS는 사면의 상태, 특성, 공학적 안정성, 피해도 등을 종합적으로 평가하므로 사면의 유지관리에 효율적으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.481-495
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• 2021

This article assesses and estimates the progressive failure mechanism of complex pit-rest secondary toppling of slopes that are located within the vicinity of the Gas Flare Site of Refinery No. 4 in South Pars Special Zone (SPSZ), southwest Iran. The finite element numerical procedure based on the Shear Strength Reduction (SSR) technique has been employed for the stability analysis. In this regard, several step modelling stages that were conducted to evaluate the slope stability status revealed that the main instability was situated on the left-hand side (western) slope in the Flare Site. The toppling was related to the rock column-overburden system in relation to the overburden pressure on the rock columns which led to the progressive instability of the slope. This load transfer from the overburden has most probably led to the separation of the rock column and to its rotation downstream of the slope in the form of a complex pit-rest secondary toppling. According to the numerical modelling, it was determined that the Strength Reduction Factor (SRF) decreased substantially from 5.68 to less than 0.320 upon progressive failure. The estimated shear and normal stresses in the block columns ranged from 1.74 MPa to 8.46 MPa, and from 1.47 MPa to 16.8 MPa, respectively. In addition, the normal and shear displacements in the block columns ranged from 0.00609 m to 0.173 m and from 0.0109 m to 0.793 m, respectively.

• 기술사
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.3-11
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• 1986

The analysis of Geotechnical stability problems by the limit equilibrium method involve assuming the shape of the failure and then investigating many surfaces of the shape to identify the one on which failure seems most likely to occur. These arbitrary assumptions most frequently concern to the locations or directions of side force on slice and the overall factor of safety is considered identical to the local factor of safety. In this paper, let the factor of safety of a slope at wedge block stage differently, when an upper part of the potential sliding mass has a simple active stress field and the lower part of the passive stress field and overall factor of safety is obtained by the average of local factor and computer program based on the modified wedge Method is proposed for this thesis. The new algorithm based on tile modified new method is made for estimating the safety factor of Earth Dam. Compared with conventional method for many cases tile average values of the factor of safety determined by the modified new method are very nearly the same. For all of the cases studied the difference was found 0.03. Finally this new method is thought to be very useful in slope stability analysis.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제25권B호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2005

This paper is the results of experimental and numerical works on analyzing the geotechnical engineering behavior and characteristics of excavated clay slope formed by the method of excavated replacement which is one of treatments in soft soil ground. For the centrifuge model tests, models of excavated clay slope were prepared by remolding the marine clayey soil sampled from the field. Tests were performed with changing the slope to investigate the behavior of them. On the other hand, numerical analyses were carried out to analyze the change of safety factor against instability of slope with time. Changes of pore water pressure, shear strength and displacement were also investigated. As results of centrifuge model tests with slopes of 1:1.5 and 1:3 using the confining body of simulating the effect of excavation, for the case of 1:1.5, slope failure occurred right after remove the confining body whereas relatively small displacements within the range of 3.2mm, implying to maintain the stability of slope, were observed for the case of 1:3 slope. From the results of numerical analyses using the software of PLAXIS to investigate the stability of slope after excavation, the minimum safety factor against slope failure was 1.28 for the case of 1:3 slope. The further researches in the future are required with considerations of build up of static pore water pressures during acceleration of centrifuge, depth of excavation influencing the behavior of the slope and permeability of the slope since excavation of the slope was not simulated well resulted from the limitations of apparatus at the stage of excavation during the centrifuge tests.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1183-1191
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• 2018

Reliability analysis is generally regarded as the most appropriate method when uncertainties are taken into account in slope designs. With the help of limit analysis, probability evaluation for three-dimensional rock slope stability was conducted based upon the Mote Carlo method. The nonlinear Hoek-Brown failure criterion was employed to reflect the practical strength characteristics of rock mass. A form of stability factor is used to perform reliability analysis for rock slopes. Results show that the variation of strength uncertainties has significant influence on probability of failure for rock slopes, as well as strength constants. It is found that the relationship between probability of failure and mean safety factor is independent of the magnitudes of input parameters but relative to the variability of variables. Due to the phenomenon, curves displaying this relationship can provide guidance for designers to obtain factor of safety according to required failure probability.