• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.117-122
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• 2003

Every year in domestic slope failure caused by rainfall is happening frequently. Specially, causable failure accident by localized downpour accompanied when summer rainy season period and produces typhoon gets damage of large scale human life and property. Failure happened at slope of 121 places ranged whole country national highway by No.15 typhoon Rusa that strike whole country during 3 days from August 30, 2002. Slope failure that happen by typhoon are judged for major cause to effect of ground saturation and surface water by localized downpour. In this research, failure characteristic was analyzed to target 20 places attaining site investigation among failure slope. As a result, erosions by surface water was construed for major cause of failure and judged for direct relation in failure slope weathering and topography Also, result that analyze inclination of failure part, in the case of ripping rock, inclination of failure side is forming Incline of the lowest 40$^{\circ}$, because surface failure of depth 4m on or so scale happened, it is require that regulating plan gently design standard inclination of weathered rock and soil layer And it is considered that desirable preparation of design standard about measure that help smooth drainage of surface water and can restrain percolation in ground to reduce failure damage by rainfall.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1996

암반사면의 안정성 검토는 암반내에 존재하는 불연속면의 물리적인 특성에 의하여 좌우되므로 암반에서 불연속연의 공학적 특성을 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 현재 암반사면의 경사도는 경험적인 요소들에 의하여 결정되거나 암석강도에 의한 표준경사 기준을 적용하고 있는 실정이나 이러한 기준은 절취사변의 풍화정도와 불연속면의 발달상태를 고려하지 않고 사변경사가 결정되기 때문에 사면 붕괴 발생의 위험이 항상 내재되어 있다. 따라서, 안전하고 합리적인 암반절취사면의 설계를 위하여 강원도 지역 도로의 암반사면 6개소를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 절리가 발달된 암반사면을 대상으로 평사투영법에 의하여 안전성을 분석한 결과, 현재와 같이 절리를 고려하지 않는 암반의 표준구배로 설계된 사면은 모두 불안하게 나타났다. 2. 강우와 사면붕괴와의 관계에서 최대시우량이 20mm이상이고 2일 연속강우량이 200mm이상일 때 사면붕괴의 위험성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 3. 사면설계에서는 대표적인 불연속면의 공학적인 특성을 고려하여 평사투영법을 실시하고, 평사투영법에 의해 불안정한 것으로 판단된 사면은 한계평형식을 이용하여 정밀분석하는 것이 바람직하다. 4. 암반사면의 설계는 강도에 의한 것보다는 암반의 불연속면(절리, 층리, 단층)등을 고려하여 설계하는것이 바람직하다.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 경사제 항내측 사면에 거치된 피복재의 안정성에 대한 단면수리실험을 수행하였으며, 항내 측 피복재로는 피복석을 적용하였다. 국내 항만 및 어항설계기준에서는 항내측 피복재의 중량산정 방법으로 상치콘크리트가 설치되지 않은 조건에 대하여 항내측 일부구간을 항외측 피복재와 동일 중량비의 피복재를 사용하도록 설계 도표로 제시하고 있다. 국내에 설계되는 대부분의 경사식 구조물은 상치콘크리트가 설치되어 있으며, 이에 대한 안정중량 산정 방법이 필요하다. 피해율 S = 2를 기준으로 안정파고를 산정하여 안정성을 검토하였으며, 소요중량은 상대여유고에 대한 항외측 피복재(테트라포드) 대비 항내측 피복석의 중량비로 제시하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.569-580
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• 2008

If slope height was more than 20 meters, we conducted an analysis of stereographic projection and limit equilibrium at this slope. We proposed reduction of slope face angle and reinforcement of rock bolt depending on analysis. Blasting design : Standard pattern based on result of local test blasting was made for blasting design. Vibration criterion was set for less than 3.0mm/s because of outworn buildings and inhabitants opinions. Production blasting and Controlled blasting has been done as Construction standard pattern. After Vibration Monitoring has been done, so that we can control of complement. "Bidding Document" and AASHTO 2001 "A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets" were so for design criteria of earthwork but they were different actual design criteria and left something to be desired in Afghanistan. Therefore, although "Bidding Document" and "AASHTO 2001" were basic design criteria, domestic design criteria was reflected in this design criteria for complement by discussion with supervisor. Drainage design : For stability ratio, ditch of arch block and stonework was designed by rainfall data for the 13 years and discussion with supervisor. Pavement was designed as flexible pavement. Because these days in Afghanistan postwar repair works, especially urgent repairing of roads and newly making of roads, are very highly in progress, I think that Afghanistan is the region about which our construction technical experts should have great concerns.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.867-878
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 Victorbabu (2005)가 소개한 수정기울기회전성을 제2종의 중심합성설계에 적용하여, 관련된 내용을 연구하였다. 이 성질을 갖는 제2종 중심합성설계를 구하는 방법을 제시하였다. 특히 Box-Hunter의 회전성을 갖는 제2종 중심합성설계에 축값의 변동 없이 실험점을 추가함으로써 수정기울기회전성을 갖는 설계를 만들 수 있으므로 축차적 실험에 이용할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 두 가지의 예를 통해서 수정기울기회전성을 갖는 제2종 중심합성설계를 설명하였다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.104-113
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• 1995

Shear strength of the discontinuity on which the pre-failure of rock slope was occurred during surface excavation was measured through the direct shear test using core samples obtained in-situ. Internal friction angle was increased as the roughness of discontinuity surface(JRC) was increased. Results of the tilt test using core samples of higher JRC also showed very similar trend as those of the direct shear test. When the samples replicated from natural cores were used int he tilt test, results of friction angles showed almost perfect continuation of the residual friction angles from the direct shear test. However, when the gouge material existed in the discontinuity the internal friction angle strongly depended upon the rate of filling thickness to the height of asperity irrespective of the JRC. Based on the results of both direct shear test and tilt test internal friction angle and cohesion of discontinuity, which reflect the in-situ conditions fo pre-sliding failure and also can be used for the optimum design of support system, were assessed. Two kinds of support measures which were expected to increase the stability of rock slope were considered; lowering of slope face angle and installation of rock cable. But, it was found that the first method might lead to more unstable conditions of rock slope when the cohesion of discontinuity plane was negligibly low and in that case the support systems of any kind which could exert actual resisting force were needed to ensure the permanent stability of rock slope.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.321-328
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• 2008

In this paper, variable gain amplifier(VGA) with a gain slope controller has been proposed and verified by circuit simulations and measurements. The proposed VGA has a gain control, gain slope switch and variable gain range. The input source coupled pair with diode connected load is used for VGA gain stage. The gain slope controller with switch can control VGA gain slope. The proposed VGA is fabricated in $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS process for multi -standard wireless receiver. The proposed two stage VGA consumes min. 2.0 mW to max. 2.6 mW in gain control range and gives input IP3 of -3.77 dBm and NF of 28.7 dB at 1.8 V power supply under -25 dBm, 1 MHz input. The proposed VGA has 37 dB(-16 dB $\sim$ 21 dB) variable gain range, and 8 dB gain range control per 0.3 V control voltage, and can provide variable gain, positive and negative gain slope control, and gain range control. This VGA characteristics provide design flexibility in multi-standard wireless receiver.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

Offshore, sub-sea pipelines that transport oil and gas experience thermal expansion induced by the temperature of the transported medium during operation. The expansion of the pipeline can induce overload and cause damage to offshore platforms or sub-sea structures that are connected to the pipelines. To mitigate and prevent these incidents, expansion spools are installed between offshore, sub-sea pipelines and risers on the platform. This paper presents the results of the study and development of a simplified design method for expansion spools, using the slope deflection method for the purpose of preliminary design or front-end engineering and design (FEED).

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.207-215
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• 2005

This paper presents a case history of a geosynthetics-reinforced segmental retaining wall, which collapsed during a sever rainfall immediately after the completion of the wall construction. In an attempt to identify possible causes for the collapse, a comprehensive investigation was carried out including physical and strength tests on the backfill, stability analyses on the as-built design based on the current design approaches, and slope stability analyses with pore pressure consideration. The investigation revealed that the inappropriate as-built design and the bad-quality backfill were mainly responsible for the collapse. This paper describes the site condition including wall design, details of the results of investigation and finally, lessons learned. Practical significance of the findings from this study is also discussed.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 1990년도 춘계공동학술대회논문집; 한국과학기술원; 28 Apr. 1990
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• pp.151-162
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• 1990

Occupational disease among typists such as Carpal Tunnel Syndrome(CTS) and tendonitis has increased along with rapid expansion of office automation. During typing, the posture can be defined as forearm pronation, ulnar abduction, wrist extension and finger flexion. The CTS results from awkward posture between forearm-wrist-hand and the keyboard arrangement. Therefore, ergonomic principles should be emphasized in keyboard design. The objective of the study is to improve keyboard design by analyzing anatomical posture of forearm and hand during typing. An experimental study was performed to investigate relationships between a keyboard and typing performance. Results showed that typing performance is dependent to angles and slopes of a keyboard. Statistical analysis indicated that the suggested ergonomic keyboard improved typing speed significantly(17%).