• Bioinformatics and Biosystems
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.28-37
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• 2006

Recent studies in molecular biology and proteomics have identified a significant number of novel diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic disease markers. However, validation of these markers in clinical specimens with traditional histopathological techniques involves low throughput and is time consuming and labor intensive. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) offer a means of combining tens to hundreds of specimens of tissue onto a single slide for simultaneous analysis. This capability is particularly pertinent in the field of cancer for target verification of data obtained from cDNA micro arrays and protein expression profiling of tissues, as well as in epidemiology-based investigations using histochemical/immunohistochemical staining or in situ hybridization. In combination with automated image analysis, TMA technology can be used in the global cellular network analysis of tissues. In particular, this potential has generated much excitement in cardiovascular disease research. The following review discusses recent advances in the construction and application of TMAs and the opportunity for developing novel, highly sensitive diagnostic tools for the early detection of cardiovascular disease.

• 한국패션뷰티학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.105-118
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze entertainer Byeon Jeong-su's hair styles and thereby, apply the results to models. For the applications, models' hair styles were bisected into two sections, and thereby, the edges of the outsides were cut into solid points, and thereupon, into diverse bases by using vertical section, Perpendicular direction and square angles. On the other hand, the insides were cut in the same way of the outside bases by using radial section, varied combing and $45{\sim}90$ degree head angles. In addition, tops and sides were arranged in their corners, while a graduation technique was used to express a natural difference of levels. The fringes were cut by using free-hand and slicing techniques. furthermore, the quantity and mass of the hairs were treated with such techniques as thinning, swing, effect, rolling, slide and slicing, while a bridge product was used for coloring together with a highlight technique. The hair styles were rendered for straight and wave by using an magic iron machine. It was confirmed through this study that the same cutting techniques would result in different images depending on individuals' physical shapes, facial shapes, head skeletons and types of hairs. Thus, it is required of the hair designers to suggest their own custom hair designs adequate to individuals' images through continued image-wise hair design practices.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.46-50
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• 2015

The previous studies showed that the visual imagery activated the occipital and posterior inferior temporal area of the brain, and the damage to the occipital cortex impaired the visual mental imagery. We studied current-source distribution of electroencephalography (EEG) to observe neuronal activity during imagery tennis playing. Eleven healthy volunteers were enrolled. All volunteers were right-handed males and novices for tennis playing. The mean age of them was 24.9 years. The EEGs were recorded on the scalp electrodes located according to the International 10~20 System. The number of electrodes was 25 channels including subtemporal electrodes. The EEG recording session was 13 min including 5 segments: resting-I, scenery-slide show, resting-II, watching tennis-game video, and imagery-tennis playing. The recoding durations were 3, 2, 3, 2, and 3 min respectively. Five 'artifact free 3-sec segments' were selected in each segment of 'imagery-tennis playing' and 'resting-II'. We did the frequency domain analysis with the EEG segments using a distributed model of current-source analysis. The statistical-nonparametric maps (SnPMs) were obtained between the segments of 'imagery-tennis playing' and the segments of 'resting-II' (p<0.01). The significant change of current-source density was observed only in alpha-2 frequency band (10~12 Hz). The current-sourcedensity was increased in the hippocampus, parahippocampus, and occipital fusiform gyrus in the right cerebral hemisphere (p<0.01). Imaginary-tennis playing may activate the hippocampal-occipital alpha networks of nondominant hemisphere.

• 농촌계획
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to find the bi-polar adjectives for rural stream landscape evaluation by the semantic differential scale and to suggest the major determinants of visual preference in rural stream landscapes. For this, the bi-polar adjectives for rural stream landscape evaluation was found by the method of the reliability test, and the spatial image was analyzed by the factor analysis. The level of visual preference was measured by slide simulation test, and these data were analyzed by the multiple regression. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows : 1) Of the bi-polar adjectives expressing psychological and physical characteristics, the hi-polar adjectives which demonstrated reliability and consistency run as follows : Bi-polar adjectives expressing psychological characteristics : 'calm-bustling', 'unfamiliar-familiar', 'still-active','depressing-brisk', 'discomfortable-comfortable', 'suppressed-free', 'lifeless-living', 'quiet-noisy', 'unpleasant-pleasant'. Bi-polar adjectives expressing physical characteristics : 'artificial-natural', 'narrow-wide', 'rocky-not rocky', 'desolate-fertile', 'dirty-clean', 'enclosed-open', 'flat-steep', 'not gravelly-gravelly', 'thicketed-not thicketed', 'not weedy-weedy'. 2) Two factors, the harmony and the movement, were derived from the factor analysis for the psychological variables. Three factors, the naturalness, the rock, and the vegetation, were derived from the factor analysis for the physical variables. 3) Rural stream landscape types were classified into four types by the multi-dimensional scaling method. Type III, IV obtained higher rank of visual preference and type I, II obtained lower. 4) For all types, the factors determining the level of visual preference were found to be the harmony, the naturalness, and the vegetation. The visual preference determinants of rural stream landscape need to be considered in improving or restoring the rural stream landscapes.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1014-1028
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• 2012

최근 N 스크린 (n-screen) 과 secondary device이란 말이 사람들의 입에 자주 오르내린다. 또한 주위에서 자주 사용하는 기기를 통해 앞에서 말한 서비스를 직접 경험할 수도 있다. 하나의 멀티미디어 기술이면서 서비스 이름인 N 스크린이란 하나의 콘텐츠를 여러개의 기기에서 끊김 없이 연속적으로 즐길 수 있는 기술 또는 서비스이다. 그리고 secondary device란 주된 콘텐츠를 보여주는 main device와 연동하여 주된 콘텐츠에 관련된 추가 콘텐츠를 보여주는 보조 기기가 있는 서비스이다. 이러한 기술 및 서비스가 각 이동통신사 등에서 몇 년 전부터 거론되어 오고 있으며 현재 대중화된 다양한 멀티미디어 기기에 재조명되어 제공되고 있다. 그러나 현재의 이 서비스는 단순히 사용자가 정식 구매한 멀티미디어 콘텐츠를 자신의 기기가 아닌 이동통신사의 미디어 서버에 올려놓고 필요에 따라 인터넷을 통해 접근한다는 한계가 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 장면의 동적인 업데이트를 위해 다양한 명령을 포함한 장면 서술정보를 제공 할 수 있는 국제 표준 규격인 MPEG-4 LASeR (Lightweight Application Scene Representation) PMSI (Presentation and Modification of Structured Information) 를 활용하여 사용자가 좀 더 효과적이고 다양하게 N 스크린 혹은 secondary device 서비스를 사용할 수 있는 방안을 제안한다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.373-384
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• 1997

In this study, 4 types of dowel pin were used to fabricate removable dies using the Pindex system. The comparison of interabutment distances between before and after sawing were conducted in each type of dowel pin, and the horizontal discrepancies in the interabutment distance according to the abutment location and the type of dowel pin were comparatively analyzed. Abutments LM(left molar), LP(left premolar), A(anterior), RP(right premolar), and RM (right molar) were used for measurement. The interabutment distances were measured between each abutment : LM-LP, LM-A, LM-RP, and LM-RM. The slide scanned image of each model was magnified on the computer screen and the measurements were conducted using the meeting point of the cross on the occlusal surface of each abutment. The results were as follows : 1. In the comparison of interabutment distances between before and after sawing in each type of dowel pin, there was no significant difference in World dowel pin(double), Bi-pin(double), Maxcel dowel pin(single). In the World dowel pin(single) there was no significant difference between LM-LPs, but in the other measurements (LM-As, LM-RPs, and LM-RMs) there was significant difference between before and after sawing(p<0.05). 2. In comparison of horizontal discrepancies of the measurement according to the abutment location, there was significant difference between measurement LM-LP($0.27{\pm}0.19mm$) and the others : LM-A($0.46{\pm}0.20mm$), LM-RP($0.38{\pm}0.25mm$), LM-RM($0.45{\pm}0.22mm$) (p<0.05). 3. In comparison of horizontal discrepancies of the measurement according to the type of dowel, there was no significant difference between each dowel. As a result when fabricating a removable die using the previously mentioned 4 types of dowel pins, it is thought that the horizontal discrepancy increased in proportion to the interabutment span length and does not depend on the type of dowel pin.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is research on the characteristics of post-modernism expressed on western hair styles in the late 20th century. Therefore this thesis analyzed the relationship of modernism & the hair styles of that mage and post-modernism & the hair styles of that mage. That will re-illuminate the same beauty worth of same age as to accurate the concept of post-modernism & the hair styles of that mage. And the last, criticizing the post-modernism design and that hair design, helping to find new trends. The method of this study was the literature research & analysis of visual materials focus on upper bust image that can know the relationship of modernism & the hair styles of that mage, and post-modernism & the hair styles of that mage. First, the literature research is composed of analysis of theses, magazines on art, clothing and cosmetology having the contents of 20th century western culture, art and hair styles. Second, the analysis of visual materials is composed of analysis of video films, slide films and photographs of books, magazines, and internet home-pages. Modern western hair styles, appeared after 1910's, is represented as a short cut & permanent wave. That express experimentalism, functionalism, and purism, that is same as the other art's trend of same age. Post-modern western hair styles, appeared after 1960's, also show the same trend with same age's. This summarized & characterized 8 categories; historical method, pluralism, negotiation, escape from the formality, recovery of humanity, ornament, connection with race, metaphor & symbolism. But post-modernism concentrating pluralism makes easy making low quality art and absence of criticism, so this thesis criticised it 5 categories; absence of ideas, absence of the social sense of responsibility, lost of one's characteristics, decline of skills, decline of worth of usages.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2011

The gametogenic cycle and the spawning season in female and male Cyclina sinensis were investigated by quantitative statistical analysis using an image analyzer system, and the biological minimum size (the size at 50% of sexual maturity) was calculated by combination of quantitative data by size and von Bertalanffy's equation. Compared the gametogenic cycle by quantitative statistical analysis with the previous qualitative results in female and male C. sinensis, monthly changes in female and male gametogenic cycles calculated by quantitative statistical analysis showed similar patterns to the gonadal stages in female and male reproductive cycles by qualitative histological analysis. Comparisons of monthly changes in the portions (%) of each area to eight kinds of areas by quantitative statistical analysis in the gonads in female and male C. sinensis are as follows. Monthly changes in the portions (%) of the ovary areas to total tissue areas in females and also monthly changes in the portions of the testis areas to total tissue areas in males increased in March and reached the maximum in May, and then showed a rapid decrease from June to October. Monthly changes in the portions (%) of oocyte areas to ovarian tissue areas in females and also monthly changes in the portions of the areas of the spermatogenic stages to testis areas in males began to increase in March and reached the maximum in June in females and males, and then rapidly dropped from July to October in females and males when spawnig occurred. From these data, it is apparent that the number of spawning seasons in female and male C. sinensis occurred once per year, from July to October. Monthly changes in the number of the oocytes per mm2 and in the mean diameter of the oocyte in captured image which were calculated for each female slide showed a maximum in May and reached the minimum from December to February. Therefore, C. sinensis in both sexes showed a unimodal gametogenic cycle during the year. The percentage of sexual maturity of female and male clams ranging from 25.1 to 30.0 mm in length was over 50% and 100% for clams over 40.1 mm length. In this study, the biological minimum size (sexually mature shell lengths at 50% of sexual maturity) in females and males were 26.85 and 26.28 mm, respectively.

• 기록학연구
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• 제62호
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• pp.225-258
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• 2019

조선의 개항 이후 조선 말기와 대한제국 시대를 찍은 사진기록물은 당시의 기술적 수준이나 대외 개방의 정도를 감안하면 생각보다 많이 존재한다. 한국 관련 사진기록은 서구 사회에 한국을 소개하기 위해 인쇄한 서적의 삽화, 화보 신문이나 잡지의 도판, 빈티지 프린트, 사진엽서, 스테레오 사진, 카드형 사진, 랜턴슬라이드(Lantern Slide) 등 다양한 형태로 보급되었고, 현재도 상당량이 남아 있다. 관련 연구자들의 견해에 따르면 조선 사람이 처음 사진에 찍힌 1863년부터 1910년 이전에 촬영된 한국 관련 사진은 최소 3,000점에서 4,000점 이상이고, 같은 사진이 중복되기는 하지만 발행된 사진엽서의 수는 25,000점 이상이며, 그중 대부분이 현존하고 있다고 한다. 본 논문은 근대 초기인 구한말 한국 관련 사진기록이 생산되고 유통되는 경로를 크게 두 가지로 분류하고, 이를 전형적인 사진가 또는 기관의 활동 사례를 들어 분석했다. 사진에 찍힌 대상은 분명 한국 또는 한국인의 모습이지만, 사진의 생산 주체는 거의 대부분 제국주의의 부역자들인 서양인들과 일본인들이었다. 사진의 경우 생산 주체의 필요나 관점에 따라 사실 관계의 왜곡 가능성이 무척 크다. 그 왜곡을 바로 잡기 위해서는 사진의 내용뿐만 아니라 생산자의 의도와 생산 및 소통 경위가 파악되어야 한다. 세월이 많이 흘러 실제 경험자가 없는 시대의 사진기록을 정확하고 공정하게 판독하는 문제는 근대 한국을 올바르게 이해하고 한국의 근현대사를 폭넓게 연구하기 위한 초석이기 때문이다.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.122-126
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• 2010

F-18-FPCIT는 뇌 선조체에 주로 분포된 도파민 운반체에 강한 친화력을 보이며, 이는 파킨슨 씨 병의 진단에 유용한 진단적 정보를 제공한다. 본 연구에서는 iteration과 subset에 따른 영상의 변화를 관찰하고 적정한 iteration과 subset의 범위를 제안해 보고자 한다. 영상의 획득은 ACR 팬텀과 뇌 질환이 없는 정상인의 뇌 영상을 획득하였다. 정상인의 뇌영상은 F-18-FPCIT를 정맥주사 후 3시간째 획득하였으며, iteration과 subset의 조건을 5가지로 구분하여 영상을 재구성하였다. 영상의 분석은 동일한 위치에 같은 크기의 ROI를 그려 평균, 최대, 최소의 SUV를 측정하였고, 이를 바탕으로 표준편차, 변이계수를 계산하였다. 또한 팬텀영상에서는 각 조건별 열소와 냉소의 SUV를 비교하여 어떠한 조건에서 실제와 가장 비슷한 SUV ratio를 재현하는지 조사하였다. 위 실험에서 얻어진 값은 Spearman test를 통해 유의성을 유무를 판별하였다. 따라 SUV는 증가하였고 이러한 추세는 Spearman test에서 유의성을 나타내었다. 표준편차 역시 iteration, subset조건이 증가함에 따라 값의 증가를 보였다. 산출된 값들은 통계적으로 유의하였다. 팬텀 연구에서는 6 iteraions, 16 iterations 에서 실제와 가장 비슷한 SUV ratio를 재현하였다. 하지만 iteration, subset 조건별로 얻어진 SUV ratio들은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다.