• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.651-655
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• 2008

Traditional slicing techniques make slices through dependence graphs. They also improve the accuracy of slices. However, traditional slicing techniques require many vertices and edges in order to express a data communication links. Therefore the graph becomes complicated, and size of the slices is larger. We propose the representation of a dynamic object-oriented program dependence graph so as to process the slicing of object-oriented programs that is composed of related programs in order to process certain jobs. The efficiency of the proposed efficient dynamic object-oriented program dependence graph technique is also compared with the dependence graph techniques discussed previously. As a result, this is certifying that an efficient dynamic object-oriented program dependence graph is more efficient in comparison with the traditional dynamic object-oriented program dependence graph.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 1969

The effects of Ginseng saponin on respiration and $Na^+$, $K^+$ content of rat cerebral cortex slices were investigated to determine the action of Ginseng saponin on brain cortex at cellular level. There are many reports for the study of Ginseng on central stimulatory action in experimental animals. The electrical stimulation of slices of cortex causes a loss of potassium. And the respiration is needed to maintain a supply of energy for active cation transport. The reduction in $Qo_2$ is a consequence of primary cessation of active cation transport. Ginseng saponin stimulated respiration which was depressed by Morphine. But there was no significant change of electrolyte. It is suggested that the Ginseng saponin act rather on metabolic process than neural excitatory mechanism in vitro.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.211-220
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• 2002

Objective : This study was undertaken to determine whether Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract (SbG) exerts the protective effect against oxidant-induced alterations in organic cation transport in the renal proximal tubule. Methods : Organic cation transport was estimated by examining alterations in tetraethylammonium (TEA) uptake in rabbit renal cortical slices. The slices were treated with 0.2 mM tBHP for 60 min at $37^{\circ}C$. tBl-IP caused an inhibition in TEA uptake by renal cortical slices. Such an effect was accompanied by depressed Na+-K+-ATPase activity and ATP depletion. Result : SbG prevented tBHP-induced inhibition of TEA uptake in a dose-dependent manner at the concentration ranges of 0.05-0.1%. SbG also prevented H2O2-induced reduction in TEA uptake. tBHP-induced inhibition of Na+-K+-ATPase activity and ATP depletion were significantly prevented by 0.05% SbG. Oxidants increased LDH release, which was blocked by SbG. Oxidants caused a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and its effect was prevented by SbG. Conclusion : These results suggest that SbG prevents oxidant-induced alterations in organic cation transport in rabbit renal cortical slices. Such protective effects of SbG may be attributed to inhibition of peroxidation of membrane lipid.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1992

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.1024-1029
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• 2010

Opuntia ficus-indica and Aloe vera slices were dried using 20, 30, and 40% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4,000 as a dehydration agent, and the dried samples were compared with the hot-air dried and freeze dried in terms of rehydration ratio, color, and sensory evaluation. The moisture content of the PEG-treated samples decreased with increasing concentrations of polyethylene glycol. The rehydration ratio of the PEG-treated samples was better than those of the hot air-dried or freeze-dried samples. The color of the PEG-treated samples was similar to that of the freeze-dried samples and better than that of the hot air-dried samples. The sensory evaluation of PEG-treated samples was better than those of the hot air-dried or freeze-dried samples. These results suggest that dehydration of Opuntia ficus-indica and Aloe vera slices using PEG is very effective in terms of rehydration ratio and minimal damage of cell structure.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.1 no.6
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• pp.657-664
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• 1997

The effects of adenosine, adenosine A1 receptor antagonist (DPCPX), or NMDA receptor antagonist (APV) on the spontaneous release of $[^3H]-5-hydroxytryptamine$ ($[^3H]-5-HT$) during normoxic/normoglycemic or hypoxic/hypoglycemic period were studied in the rat hippocampal slices. The hippocampus was obtained from the rat brain and sliced $400\;{\mu}m$ thickness with the tissue slicer. After 30 min's preincubation in the normal buffer, the slices were incubated for 30 min in a buffer containing $[^3H]-5-HT$ ($0.1\;{\mu}M,\;74{\mu}Ci/8\;ml$) for uptake, and washed. To measure the release of $[^3H]-5-HT$ into the buffer, the incubation medium was drained off and refilled every ten minutes through sequence of 14 tubes. Induction of glucose/oxygen deprivation (GOD; medium depleting glucose and gassed with 95% $N_2/5%\;CO_2$) was done in 6th and 7th tube. The radioactivities in each buffer and the tissue were counted using liquid scintillation counter and the results were expressed as a percentage of the total radioactivities. When slices were exposed to GOD for 20 mins, the spontaneous release of $[^3H]-5-HT$ was markedly increased and this increase of $[^3H]-5-HT$ release was blocked by adenosine ($10\;{\mu}M$) or DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV; $30\;{\mu}M$). Adenosine $A_1$ receptor specific antagonist, 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX) exacerbate GOD-induced increase of spontaneous release of $[^3H]-5-HT$. These results suggest that Adenosine may play a role in the GOD-induced spontaneous release of $[^3H]-5-HT$ through adenosine $A_1$ receptor activity.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 2000

Bone marrow culture systems are widely used to differentiate osteoclast-like cells in vitro using several osteotropic hormones. In this study, we isolated and cultured the mouse bone marrow cells with or without some osteotropic hormones such as parathyroid hormone(PTH), prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$ and $l,25(OH)_2-vitamin$ $D_3$(Vit. $D_3$). We confirmed the formation of osteoclast-like cells morphologically and functionally by the expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP) and by their capability to resorb dentin slices. We also studied the effects of transforming growth $factor-{\beta}(TGF-{\beta})$ and epidermal growth factor(EGF) on the Vit. $D_3-induced$ osteoclast-like cell formation. In control, a few multinucleated cells were formed whereas PTH and $PGE_2$ increased the number of multinucleated cells. PTH, $PGE_2$ and Vit. $D_3$ induced the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells. After culture of mouse bone marrow cells on the dentin slices with or without osteotropic hormones, giant cells with diverse morphology were found on the dentin slices under the scanning electronmicroscopy. After removing the attached cells, resorption pits were identified on the dentin slices, and the shape of resorption pits was variable. EGF increased the osteoclast-like cell formation induced by Vit. $D_3$, however, $TGF-{\beta}$ showed biphasic effect, which at low concentration, increased and at high concentration, decreased the osteoclast-like cell formation induced by Vit. $D_3$.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.331-341
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• 2002

Traditional slicing techniques make slices through dependence graph and improve the accuracy of slices. However, traditional slicing techniques require many vertices and edges in order to express a data communication link because they are based on static slicing techniques. Therefore the graph becomes very complicated. We propose the representation of a dynamic system dependence graph so as to process the slicing of a software system that is composed of related programs in order to process certain jobs. We also propose programs on efficient slicing algorithm using relations of relative tables in order to compute dynamic slices of a software system. Using a marking table from results of the proposed algorithm can make dynamic system dependence graph for dynamic slice generation. Tracing this graph can generate final slices. We have illustrated our example with C program environment. Consequently, the efficiency of the proposed dynamic system dependence graph technique is also compared with the dependence graph techniques discussed previously. As the results, this is certifying that the dynamic system dependence graph is more efficient in comparison with system dependence graph.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.170-192
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• 2000

Objectives : This study was carried out to research antioxidant effects of Sagunja-Tang(SA) through in vitro and vivo experiments, and tried to investigate the relation between oxidation of tissues and deficiency of Qi. Methods and results : HPLC analysis of glycyrrhizine - known to be the main compound of Radix Glycyrrhizae - was done to certify the quality of SA. Chemiluminescence was initiated by adding tort-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) to rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils), and generated reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion) decreased significantly by SA as dose dependent manner. Cell injury during 60 minutes tissue incubation was initiated by adding t-BHP, a hydrophobic hydroperoxide and $H_2O_2$, an water soluble oxidant to rat renal cortical and liver slices. Percentage cell death and lipid peroxidation were estimated by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), a product of lipid peroxidation. t-BHP induced % cell death of renal cortical slices and lipid peroxidation of renal cortical and liver slices were decreased significantly by SA. SA decreased significantly % cell death and lipid peroxidation of renal cortical and liver slices induced by $H_2O_2$, too. Acute renal and liver injury induced by $HgCl_2\;and\;CCl_4$, which initiated from free radical, were applied to mice and metabolic data were obtained. Data showed protective effects of SA on acute renal injury caused by decrease of glomerular filtration. SA protected acute liver injury too. Conclusions Through this study, we found that SA have antioxidant effects and tissue oxidation was similar to deficiency of Qi. And further studies have to be followed to certify the mechanisms.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.29-39
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• 1986

To investigate the effect of presurfacing, both 25mm rough and pre surfaced oak boards (Quercus grosseserrata BI.) were dried in the same dry kiln condition. Drying curves, drying strains and drying defects of rough and presurfaced boards were compared. The results obatained are as follows. 1. Average drying rate of rough and presurfaced boards from green to 10% M.C. was 0.276%/hr. and 0.284%/hr., respectively. 2. At the early stage of drying, in case of rough boards, maximum tensile strain of outer slices was $-24.2{\times}10^{-4}$mm/mm and maximum compressive strain of innermost slices was $13.0{\times}10^{-4}$mm/mm, and in case of pre surfaced boards, maximum tensile strain of outer slices was $-14.5{\times}10^{-4}$mm/mm and maximum compressive strain of innermost slices was $28.1{\times}10^{-4}$mm/mm. And in both cases, stress reversal occurred at about 40% M.C.. 3. Maximum surface checking appeared at about 40% M.C.. Of the 10 rough boards. 6 hoards contained surface checks, but presurfaced boards did not contained surface checks after drying. And the results of end checking were similar to those of surface checking. But, honeycomb was not found in both cases. 4. Board shrinkage. warp and casehardening of presurfaced boards were similar to those of rough boards. But, collapse of prsurfaced boards was less than that of rough boards.