• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.215-227
• /
• 1980

The rock units of Goesan area in the Ogcheon metamor phic terrain established on the basis of field criteria should be redefined into following sequence. Based on shear senses in secondary small structures which are usually observable in the investigated area, the stratigraphy can be lithologically divided into the lower pelite, pebbly mudstone, upper pelite, quartzite and psammite unit in ascending order. This conclusion is in discordance with a previous opinion; Munjuri formation and Guryongsan formation may be equivalent to upper pelite unit, Iwonri formation and Hwanggangri formation to pebbly mudstone. From this, it may be inferred that isoclinal overturned folds repeatly occur in the area. The uranium bearing coaly thin layers in upper pelite unit have relatively broad exposures in Deogpyeongri block of Goesan area along culmination zone in the central part of the investigated area. It is believed that structural feature in the block recognized complexly refolded synform plunging to southwest. Mineralogical and radiometric studies were made on 135 representative samples from the Ogcheon Group of Korea. The mineralogy of all black slate samples is qualitatively similar but quantitatively ·different. The uranium distribution in the studied area show approximately log normal. Uranium in the black slates of the Ogcheon Group was deposited together under same physico-chemical environmental conditions. The chemical and geological factors that controlled the abundance of organic carbon and iron oxides also controlled the uranium content. The relationship of the major components to uranium can be expressed by the following regression equation: $Log(U\times10^4+1)$= 1.70999-0.00367(quartz)0.00512(micas)-0.00930 (other silicates)+0.01911 (iron oxides)-0.03389(other opaques)+0.02062(organic carbon).

• 지질공학
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.13-23
• /
• 1998

1997년 경주에서 발생한 지진(M=4.3)에 대하여 남한의 300여 지역,2200여명에 대한 설문조사, 현장조사를 통해 진도를 평가하고 선구조선, 단층형태 및 피해지역과의 관계, 진도 감쇠특성 등을 평가하였다. 등진 도도선의 패턴은 거의 구형에 가까워 특정 지질구조선을 반영한다고 보기어려우나 경상분지 남서부를 제외한 전 분지가 진도 V이상의 범위에 포함된다. 진도 VII인 지역은 진앙의 서쪽 약 1.5Km에 위치한 양산단층에 인접한 충적층을 따라 길이 약 9Km, 폭 1-3Km의 긴 대상분포를 나타내다. 이 지역은 강한 지진동과 함께 동상 외벽이 떨어지고, 건물 및 주택 벽면의 균열, 담의 균열과 무너짐, 지붕의 기와가 흩어짐, 교각 상판의 고정볼트의 부러짐 등 피해가 발생하였다. 진앙지 일대의 선구조선의 분포는 거의 N-S,NNE방향이 우세하게 나타나며, 선구조선, 단층면해와 주피해지역의 분포를 고려할때 경주지진은 양산단층을 따라 주향이동 단층운동에 의해 발생한 규모 5.0내외 지진의 평균적인 감쇠 경향과 유사하며 거리(R)에 따른 진도감쇠(I)는 $I{\;}={\;}I_o{\;}+{\;}0.3461{\;}-{\;}0.3274{\;}{\times}{\;}1nR{\;}-{\;}0.086{\;}{\times}{\;}R$으로 나타내어 진다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2013

We conducted investigations of the information and welfare of broiler chickens in Korea. The livestock housing of all broiler chicken farms were windowless type, bell feeder and nipple waterer were used, and stocking density was relatively higher (ranging from 18.2 $birds/m^2$ to 24.2 $birds/m^2$) than RSPCA's welfare standards for chicken hens (less than 19 $birds/m^2$). The ratios of sandwich panel, urethane form, slate, and steel plate in roofing materials were 61%, 21%, 13%, and 5%, respectively. The ratios of sandwich panel, urethane form, brick, and steel plate in wall materials were 61%, 21%, 13%, and 5%, respectively. The ratios of soil and concrete in flooring materials were 10% and 90%. The mist spray, fan, and cooling pad in cooling facilities were 42%, 32%, and 26%, respectively. Thus we believe that present data contribute to develop the animal welfare certification for broiler chickens and to improve animal welfare in Korea.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 2002

영구자석형 선형동기전동기(PMLSM)는 고속, 고추력의 직선추진이 가능하므로 산업현장에서 위치결정장치나 물류반송시스템 및 공작기계 등의 선형 서보 시스템에 이용이 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 PMLSM의 AC 서보화를 위해 동기 프레임상에서 제어구조가 미리 설정된 스위칭 함수에 따라 불연속적으로 변화되는 가변구조 전류제어방식 및 간접 벡터제어이론을 기본으로하여 도달시간을 제거하고, 구동시스템의 추력 이용도를 높이기 위해 파라미터 변동과 한정된 외란에 거의 영향을 받지 않으며 오버슈트가 없는 고속응답을 실현하기 위해 슬라이딩 모드제어 알고리즘을 제안하여 PMLSM의 위치제어에 적용하고자 한다.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.101-122
• /
• 1974

The study area is located in between Susanri and Hwanggangri where the formations of Okcheon group and Chosun group supposedly come in contact so that the area is structurally very import. Present study reveals that the meta-volcanic rocks distribute from south to north along contact zone of Okcheon and Chosun groups in the center of the area. Meta-volcanic rocks seem to be originated from the andesite or andesitic basalt rocks which was known to be Surchangri formation consist of phyllite and black slate by previous workers. The meta-volcanic rocks intruded along the fault zone one existed between Okcheon and Chosun groups but obliterated at present by the intrusion of volcanic rocks. The fault seems to be overthrust, and one of the positive evidences of thrust fault is the Yamisan nappe structure in Yamisan near Susanri. This interpretation coincides with O.J. Kim's work which states that the Precambrian Okcheon group is largely overturned and thrusted over the Chosun group. The relation between the Surchangri and the Majeonri formation marks facies change. This fact together with northpluging anticlinal structure made it possible that both formation came into contact along direction without fault. Yongam formation is not overlain unconformably used to be believed by previous workers, but interbed in the Great Limestone series of Chosun goup. It is also clarified that the rock formerly designated as limesilicate rock was meta-liparite. The origin of amphibole pebbles in the Kunjasan formation is of primary and secondary ones; the secondary pebbles were formed by metamorphism of the fragments of limestone or dolomite.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.157-166
• /
• 2008

Until 1960, the major housing type of rural area in Korea was traditional wooden frame building, which was made of natural materials. In the course of modernization and New Village Movement, most of traditional houses have been renovated focusing on changing roof material of rice straw into slate, keeping existing main wooden structure. And then from around 1980, by economical development the new houses have been constructed. On these three phases of traditional type, remodeling type and new construction type, the natural materials of housing facade as wood, soil, stone and plant changed into artificial materials as cement, chemical material and paint. At the same time the exterior color of housing also have been changed and varied. The purpose of this thesis is to find out the changing aspect of exterior color by comparing remodeled and new constructed housing with of traditional housing. The exterior color of one hundred and fifty seven houses were surveyed and the three color attributes of each part of facade, as roof, wall and window, were analyzed and compared. In case of traditional houses, 98.3% of color are concentrated on the warm color of Y and YR on HUE scale, and 88% of their color are low Chroma. And Value of their color has been varied and spreaded from low to high Value scale. From traditional types to remodeled and new constructed houses, the concentration ratio of warm color on Hue scale reduced from 98.3% to 68.7% and ratio of low Chroma was also changed from 88% to 73.2% and the ratio of low Value color reduced from 51.9% to 29.7%. The exterior color of houses in rural area varied on Hue, and the more saturated colors were used and they became brighter compared with color of traditional houses. It is expected that the results of this study can be used for basic data of exterior color planning and improvement into harmonized color with natural environment.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 2013

This study examined and investigated architectural characteristics such as the use of buildings, the number of layers, and structure, and roof landscape characteristics such as roof types, materials, and color in rural villages which were located on the street on the assumption that the landscape of rural villages should be managed by considering visual aspects. The results were as follows. The commonest frequency was found in 'residence'(2/3) for the use of buildings and 'masonry structure'(2/3) for the structure. 'Wood structure' and 'light gauge steel structure(prefabricated structure)' were also commonly found. The results suggest that although many rural houses have partially improved by agricultural and fishery development projects and garden suburbs has been increased by city residents' desire for rural life, there have been still many old houses. Frequently used roof types were a gambrel roof and a hipped roof. Roof materials were mixed in several materials such as tiles, slate, panels, color steel plate, reinforced concrete, and asphalt shingles. Roof color was also mixed in several colors such as reddish N7 and N0.5 of Neutral color, 10R3/6 and 10R3/10 of R color, 7.5B4/10 and 7.5B7/8 of B color and 5G8/6 of G color. The result suggests that roof color impedes the landscape of rural villages on the street. Based on the results, some roofs of rural villages were improved by the support of the government or the local governments but there are still many old roofs. The mixture of improved roofs and old roofs mainly contributed to impeding the landscape of rural villages and it was probably caused by the lack of systematic landscape plans by individual improvement of buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to devise systematic landscape plans in consideration of local identity and neighboring environment. In particular, the guideline for roof color influencing a street landscape should be established.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.55-61
• /
• 2011

Unit cost for asbestos removal work which have been made out at government contract award for recent three years has been reviewed and shown with table. And the cost have been compared with ones made out by two agencies, American asbestos removal specialists, government ministry for making out comparison tables. First, legal and practical work status survey have been made to determine reasonability of introducing separate contract-awarding system, as a part of ensuring reasonable unit work cost. And then, two different status have been compared and there in introduction possibility of separate contract-awarding system, it is found out. In interior removal work case, it is thought that 50% by owner, 60% unit work cost by the expert of which removal specialist think as reasonable unit cost. the results for exterior and spray work method are shown with almost same context. Impact factors for determining unit work cost such as project mount, project kind, contract-awarding method, subcontract method have been compared with parties. Removal specialist and expert group have almost same ideas for project amount which has been hightestly weighed but owner's recognition has partially lower than specialists idea. There are almost no difference of recognition between three(3) parties for project kind. Idea comparison of reasonable unit work cost for asbestos removal work between three concerned parties has been analyzed and found out that expert group do unit work cost, 65% of which removal specialists estimate, in interior tex removal. And there is almost no difference between them in exterior roof slate removal. But there is considerable difference between them that owner estimates 50% unit cost of specialist one while expert group estimate 50% of specialist idea of unit removal cost.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.142-149
• /
• 2013

Among ammunitions which are stored in a war field, the lifespan of propelling gunpowder is affected by storage environment such as storage temperature, humidity, and exposure to sunlight. These are because Nitrocellulose (NC) which is the main component of propelling gunpowder can be naturally disassembled to unstable substances similar with other nitric acid ester. We can't prevent it fundamentally from being disassembled, but to restrain induction of automatic disassembly by decomposition product, a decomposition product ($NO_2$, $NO_3$, and $HNO_3$) and tranquillizer DPA (Diphenylamine), having high reactivity, are added into a propellant. For this, it will decrease the velocity of tranquillizer which can also affect the velocity of producing the decomposition product of NC, storage temperature or humidity of propelling gunpowder is higher, drop of tranquillizer content is much faster. Therefore, to extend storage lifespan of propelling gunpowder, it is really important to control storage temperature or humidity inside the magazine. Hereupon, according to the manufacture of small scale model magazine and the result of performing experiments and measuring variation of inside temperature (storage temperature), using roof types that have a steel slate structure of magazine among ground magazines, this research shows the differences in details.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 2016

The aim of this study is to build an architectural landscaping design ways of vulnerable community in rural area. I surveyed scenery structures, public buildings and single home forms, and fence types of house in twelve villages which have undertaken improving environment of rural community in four provinces. They all have an inferior surroundings to live in rural village, because they were isolated from the city, located on the mountain or island, and made a living under the slate materials of roof. The central government has been driving to reform the conditions with local office, so that they may increase their living qualities and village environment to get to the general level of rural area. There are three results of this study as follows: First, the scenery of the village surveyed has a remarkable views of locality and hierarchy of layers between field and mountain, which is very identified as a typical image of Korean rural topology. Second, the public buildings and single homes and outside wall of houses were personally designed or reformed as a various types like a flat slab style and different architectural structure, because they followed only to keep the architectural code rather than to make a harmony with other traditional style buildings. When they have to remodel it again through SaethulMaul project, they are needed to consider of both architectural code and design guideline for the local landscape design image. Third, to make a different landscape view of each village and improve housing conditions, it should be taken a people participation design way.