• Toxicological Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2003

Two local irritation and skin sensitization studies of nonspecific immunostimulator, $BARODON^{\circledR}$ were carried out with New Zealand White rabbits and Hartley guinea pigs. In skin irritation test of male New Zealand White rabbits, body weights were not significantly changed and there were no responses after treatment for 24 or 72 hours and the Primary irritation index (P.1.1.) was '0'. And, in the eye irritation test, there were chemosis in some of rabbits. One of 3 rabbits in washing group was detected chemosis after 24 and 72 h following treatment and 2 of 6 rabbits in non-washing group were detected chemosis after 24h and 7 days following treatment. Therefore, total score is '4' after 24 h and '2' after 72 h following treatment by conforming article "some blood vessel are clearly hyperemic" . However evaluation value is non-irritant because M.O.I. (Mean ocular irritation index) score is below during the all experimental period and no significance through individuals and exposure time. In skin sensitization, the score of skin reaction was graded 1 with 0% sensitization rate. Taken together, these results indicate that $BARODON^{\circledR}$ may be non-irritant material. material.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.33-45
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of substitution of the flour with coffee silver skin (at the levels of 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7%) on the characteristics of yellow layer cake. The specific gravity of batter increased significantly as the content of silver skin increased. The specific volume of cake decreased significantly as the content of silver skin increased. The volume index decreased significantly as the silver skin content increased, while the symmetry index and uniformity index were not influenced. It was found that control had the highest cake indexes. Texture analysis showed that control had the lowest hardness and highest springiness. Hardness value of cakes was increased by adding silver skin; however, the springiness value of cakes with silver skin decreased during storage. According to sensory evaluation, experiment groups scored the higher points in texture acceptance than control. Above all, SS5 scored the highest points in aroma, taste and SS3 scored the highest points in appearance and overall acceptance.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.129-141
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• 2006

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to determine clinical efficacy of herbal medicine by evaluating SCORAD Index and total level of ceramaides in the skin of 13 children with atopic dermatitis Methods : Subjects are divided into two groups : Group 1(non-differentiation children treated with Saenghyeoryunbueom) and group 2(differentiation children treated with either pyungwisan, onchungum or gamitongsungsan). We determine SCORAD Index and total level of ceramaides in the skin of 13 children with atopic dermatitis before and after taking each of herbal treatment for 12 weeks. Results : After herbal prescription for 12 weeks, A SCORAD index of both group 1 and group 2 was decreased. However, the total level of ceramides in group 1 and group 2 was not altered after 12 weeks. When the correlation between the alteration of SCORAD index and ceramides levels was determined, the SCORAD index in group 1 was inversely correlated with the total level of ceramides(r=-0.994, p=0.006) In contrast, the alteration of SCORAD index in group 2 was not correlated with ceramide levels. Conclusions : The clinical efficacy of Saenghyeoryunbueom for non-differentiation children with atopic dermatitis is paralleled with the increased level of ceramides in skin. The clinical efficacy of pyungwisan, onchungum or gamitongsungsan for differentiation children with atopic dermatitis is not correlated with ceramide level in skin.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.121-132
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was done to investigate the relativity of thermography to HRV(heart rate variability) in Sasang constitutional groups. Methods : We investigated 87 healthy workers consisted of 10 Taeumin, 47 Soeumin, 30 Soyangin. After diagnosing the Sasang constitution by QSCCII(Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitutional Classification), we ana lysed their HRV -time domain and frequency domain and also checked their thermography in April 2009. Results & Conclusions : Analysing the thermography, The whole skin temperature was showed equaly in many Taeumin, the face, Upper burner skin temperature was showed high in many Soeumin, and the abdomen skin temperature was showed low in many Soyangin. The relativity of the sympathetic index to skin temperature was high in Taeumin. The higher sympathetic index, the higher Upper burner skin temperature in Taeumin, the higer most of the skin temperature in Soyangin, lower the whole skin temperature in Soeumin.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.141-156
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• 2013

In this paper we propose a method to detect human faces in color images. Many existing systems use a window-based classifier that scans the entire image for the presence of the human face and such systems suffers from scale variation, pose variation, illumination changes, etc. Here, we propose a lighting insensitive face detection method based upon the edge and skin tone information of the input color image. First, image enhancement is performed, especially if the image is acquired from an unconstrained illumination condition. Next, skin segmentation in YCbCr and RGB space is conducted. The result of skin segmentation is refined using the skin tone percentage index method. The edges of the input image are combined with the skin tone image to separate all non-face regions from candidate faces. Candidate verification using primitive shape features of the face is applied to decide which of the candidate regions corresponds to a face. The advantage of the proposed method is that it can detect faces that are of different sizes, in different poses, and that are making different expressions under unconstrained illumination conditions.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.349-354
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• 2023

Sunscreen is a product that protects against ultraviolet rays by blocking and scattering ultraviolet rays, and has now become a daily necessity beyond cosmetics. Applying sunscreen is a common and easy way to prevent skin damage caused by ultraviolet rays. Due to its significance, the evaluation of sunscreen has evolved since its regulation by the FDA in 1978, progressing to standardized methods established by ISO. Additionally, to assess the loss of sunscreen due to activities such as water exposure or sweating, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in Korea and ISO have established protocols for evaluating the water-resistant sun protection factor (SPF). However, existing evaluations of water resistance have been mainly confined to test methods involving plain water, and methods accounting for the impact of seawater during activities like beach leisure, sports, and recreation are yet to be established. Based on the existing guidelines for testing the water-resistant UV protection index, this study compared the water-resistant UV protection index in water, artificial seawater (salt water) and natural seawater (sea water) to evaluate the UV protection index in real-world situations such as marine leisure, sports, and leisure activities. Through these results, we were able to compare the differences between water resistance sun protection index tests in ordinary water, artificial seawater, and natural seawater, and suggest a method for water resistance sun protection index tests using natural seawater.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.195-195
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• 2002

In recent years, the safety of sunscreens has been challenged based on the reports of its adverse effect on users; dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, photoallergic contact dermatitis. To investigate a correlation between sun protection factor (SPF) and the safety of sunscreens, we measured in vitro SPF index using homosalate as a standard and examined the toxicity tests on cosmetics; primary skin irritation tests, ocular irritation test, and skin sensitization test.(omitted)

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.533-540
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• 2022

Specialists diagnose skin cancer using a dermatoscopy to detect skin cancer as early as possible, but it is difficult to determine accurate skin lesions because skin lesions have various shapes. Recently, the skin lesion segmentation method using deep learning, which has shown high performance, has a problem in segmenting skin lesions because the boundary between healthy skin and skin lesions is not clear. To solve these issues, the proposed method constructs a transformer block to effectively segment the skin lesion, and constructs an edge decoder for each layer of the network to segment the skin lesion in detail. Experiment results have shown that the proposed method achieves a performance improvement of 0.041 ~ 0.071 for Dic Coefficient and 0.062 ~ 0.112 for Jaccard Index, compared with the previous method.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.107-113
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• 2010

Objective : Active treatment for a skin condition has produced a substantial change in the history of allergic contact or wound induced dermatitis. The frequency of opportunistic contacts and allergen-related dermatitis has increased, though new skin treatments have developed. Especially, there has been a interest in the korean herbal bathing. This study was performed to investigate the effects of the korean herbal bathing candidates on skin lesions in mice model. These candidates are Korea's representative herbs on skin lesions. Method : ICR mice were divided into five groups : naive, control, experimental group A and B and C. Control and experimental groups induced skin lesions by DNFB and TMA. Each experimental group was pasted with corresponding korean herbal bathing candidates on skin lesions. Result : Significant improvements in skin wound index, epidermal thickness associated with skin lesions were seen with the korean herbal bathing candidates. Conclusion : These results suggest that the korean herbal bathing candidates could be at least as effective as steroid, anti-histamine for the treatment of skin lesions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.138-138
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• 2002

In recent years, the safety of sunscreens has been challenged based on the reports of its adverse effect on users; dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, photoallergic contact dermatitis. To investigate a correlation between sun protection factor (SPF) and the safety of sunscreens, we measured in vitro SPF index using homosalate as a standard and examined the toxicity tests on cosmetics; primary and cumulative skin irritation tests, ocular irritation test, and skin sensitization test.(omitted)