• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2018

Due to the aging of economically active population in the world, the average age of workers in the domestic construction industry is also steadily increasing. This study analyzes the aging of construction workers in small-size construction sites in Busan, where the aging of the economically active population is the most severe in Korea. As a result of the study on the aging of construction workers in six construction sites with a construction cost of less than 500 million won in Busan, it was found that 65% of the workers were over 50 years of age. In addition, several experts interviews and survey revealed that 'securing welfare facilities for construction workers' and 'diminishing prejudice about the construction industry" were the most urgent and effective methods to overcome the aging problems. The results of this study can be served as basic data to solve the aging problems in the industry.

• ALGAE
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2011

Similar to other species of Gigartinaceae Chondrus crispus has an alternation of perennial, isomorphic gametophytic and sporophytic generations. As these two generations co-exist independently within populations and obtain their resources in a similar manner, intraspecific competition is expected. In populations within the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, fronds of both generations of C. crispus occur in similar numbers. This equivalency can be related to substratum instability, where the population is dynamic with a high turn-over rate of genets. These observations support a stochastic hypothesis to account for distribution of gametophytes and sporophytes in this area. Along the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, where the substratum is stable, gametophytes are overwhelmingly predominant. Gametophytic predominance is greatest in the lower littoral zone where C. crispus is abundant and space is limited. Under the fucoid canopy where "free-space" exists, the gametophyte to sporophyte ratio is lower. Gametophytic and sporophytic fronds are distributed equally among different size-classes and size-distribution is not considered a competitive factor. Previous studies have shown that sporophytic fronds of C. crispus are more susceptible to infections by endophytic algae and other pathogens, and are more heavily grazed by herbivores than are gametophytic fronds. Thus, mechanistic factors are strongly implied in the selection of gametophytes in the Atlantic population.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.476-484
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• 2015

Due to the recent advances in non-volatile memory technologies such as PCM, a new memory hierarchy of computer systems is expected to appear. In this paper, we explore the performance of PCM-based swap systems and discuss how this system can be managed efficiently. Specifically, we introduce three management techniques. First, we show that the page fault handling time can be reduced by attaching PCM on DIMM slots, thereby eliminating the software stack overhead of block I/O and the context switch time. Second, we show that it is effective to reduce the page size and turn off the read-ahead option under the PCM swap system where the page fault handling time is sufficiently small. Third, we show that the performance is not degraded even with a small DRAM memory under a PCM swap device; this leads to the reduction of DRAM's energy consumption significantly compared to HDD-based swap systems. We expect that the result of this paper will lead to the transition of the legacy swap system structure of "large memory - slow swap" to a new paradigm of "small memory - fast swap."

• 경영과학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.81-105
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• 1993

The objective of the paper is to develop models for determining the aggregate budget size in long-range R&D planning of KT(Korea Telecom.) and for allocating it by strategically adopted technologies for KT's TOP(Telecommunication-Oriented Paradise) Strategy. In the model of R&D budget size determination, the linear regression analysis is applied. In allocating the R&D expenditure, criteria weighting and technological importance ranking are determined by means of the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) as a decision aid, along with hierarchical representation and pairwse comparisons. R&D budget analysis provides to basic data for the mid-and long-range R&D planning. The model then needs to be adjusted as the TOP project plan becomes specific. Resource allocation model for R&D based on AHP can be used to identify the importance of the technologies for TOP according to short-, mid-, and long-term perspectives without further modification. It is expected that the R&D budget analysis model works as the basis for planning R&D investment strategies and that the resource allocation model for R&D contributes to the effective use of the limited resource.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2019

The subjects of this study were limited to Silla buddhist temple remains in the 6~8th century, where the excavation survey report was published and the details of the remains of the corridor are revealed. Since the corridor completes the structure of temple and is involved in formation of the space, the building plan for corridors is thought to have an intention linked to the entire temple. Thus, more closer study is required for this construction plan to identify the role of corridors. The corridor is a building that has a low architectural hierarchy and completes the layout and composition of the temple. In the unit planning of the corridor, unit were designed to be of a certain size in the temple layout. Then, the overall scale was made by adding the fixed size of unit. The combination of corridors are the combined points of paths and were used as visual points. The structure of the corridor was constructed to be adjusted according to the size of the main compartment of the building to which it was connected and inserted under the roof of the building. The adjustment of the unit changed in the range of 0.5 to 2 of Silla's system of measurement. The usage of embedded pillar in the corridor presents a new perspective on Silla architecture.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.358-363
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• 2014

In this paper, we present two constructions of the attribute-based broadcast encryption(ABBE) algorithm. Attribute-based encryption(ABE) algorithm enables an access control mechanism over encrypted data by specifying access policies among private keys and ciphertexts. ABBE algorithm can be used to construct ABE algorithm with revocation mechanism. Revocation has a useful property that revocation can be done without affecting any non-revoked uers. The main difference between our algorithm and the classical ones derived from the complete subtree paradigm which is apt for military hierarchy. Our algorithm improve the efficiency from the previously best ABBE algorithm, in particular, our algorithm allows one to select or revoke users by sending ciphertext of constant size with respect to the number of attributes and by storing logarithm secret key size of the number of users. Therefore, our algorithm can be an option to applications where computation cost is a top priority and can be applied to military technologies in the near future.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2018

As embedded memory technology evolves, the traditional Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) technology has reached the end of development. For deepening the manufacturing process technology, the next generation memory technology is highly required because of the exponentially increasing leakage current of SRAM. Non-volatile memories such as STT-MRAM (Spin Torque Transfer Magnetic Random Access Memory), PCM (Phase Change Memory) are good candidates for replacing SRAM technology in embedded memory systems. They have many advanced characteristics in the perspective of power consumption, leakage power, size (density) and latency. Nonetheless, nonvolatile memories have two major problems that hinder their use it the next-generation memory. First, the lifetime of the nonvolatile memory cell is limited by the number of write operations. Next, the write operation consumes more latency and power than the same size of the read operation.These disadvantages can be solved using the compiler. The disadvantage of non-volatile memory is in write operations. Therefore, when the compiler decides the layout of the data, it is solved by optimizing the write operation to allocate a lot of data to the SRAM. This study provides insights into how these compiler and architectural designs can be developed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.160-167
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• 2014

본 논문의 목적은 가중치 분석을 통해 지역공동형 훈련성과를 효과적으로 점검할 수 있는 평가지표를 개발하는 것이다. 지표를 개발하기 위하여, 1단계에서는 선행연구 분석을 통해 예비지표 목록을 구성하였고, 2단계에서는 전문가 검토를 통해 지표의 적절성과 대표성을 점검하였으며, 3단계에서는 현장 훈련기관 전담자 검토를 통해 지표의 현장 적용 가능성을 파악하였고, 최종 성과 평가지표를 산출하였다. 4단계에서는 최종지표를 바탕으로 가중치 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 협약기업 발굴 및 관리실적 영역(협약기업 참여율, 근로자 훈련참여율 등), 훈련실적 영역(수료율, 취업률 등), 비용효과성 영역(1인당 훈련비용), 만족도 영역(협약기업 만족도, 훈련생 만족도), 지역공동 훈련활성화 영역(지역인적자원개발협의체 운영, 지자체의 인력개발 의지 등)별 지표들을 개발하였다. 가중치는 지역산업의 훈련수요 대응, 협약기업 만족도, 지역인적 자원개발협의체 운영 순으로 높았다. 또한 지역공동형 훈련성과 지표에 대한 지속적인 개선과 분석이 필요하다는 점을 제언하였다.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제12A권3호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2005

대규모 신호처리 변환을 신속하게 처리하기 위해서는 캐시 메모리를 효과적으로 이용하는 것이 중요하다. 대규모 DFT 계산에서는 stride 액세스로 인한 캐시 충돌 적중 실패로 인하여 캐시 성능이 상당히 떨어지게 되고 이로 인해 전체적인 성능이 저하하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 메모리 계층 구조를 고려한 동적 데이터 재배열(Dynamic Data Layout) 방법을 개발하였다. 제시된 방법은 stride를 가지는 계산 단계(computation stage) 사이에 데이터를 동적으로 재구성을 하여 캐시 적중 실패를 줄이는 것이다. 또한 트리 구조 FFT 계산 방법에서 FFT 크기와 데이터 stride 액세스를 기초로 하여 가능한 모든 인수분해 트리 중에서 최소 실행시간을 가지는 최적의 인수 분해트리를 찾아내는 탐색 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 성능 향상을 확인하기 위하여 제시된 방법을 기존의 FFT 알고리즘에 적용하여 Pentium 4, Alpha 21264, $Athlon^{TM}$ 64, UltraSPARC III에서 실험하였다. 실험 결과에 따르면 기존의 FFT 패키지들과 비교하여 제시된 방법을 적용한 FFT가 최대 3.37배의 성능 향상을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.445-458
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 대용량 메모리 데이타 처리를 위한 범용 하드웨어 기반의 원격 메모리 시스템을 제안한다. 느린 디스크와 상대적으로 대단히 빠른 접근 속도를 보장하는 메모리 사이에 존재하게 되는 새로운 메모리 계층을 구현하기 위해, 본 논문에서는 다수의 일반적인 범용 데스크탑 PC들과 원격 직접메모리 접근 (이하 RDMA) 기능이 가능한 고속 네트워크를 최대한 활용하였다. 제안된 새로운 계층의 메모리는 합리적인 응답시간과 용량을 제공함으로서 비교적 적은 양의 성능 부담으로서 대용량의 메모리 상주 데이타베이스를 구동할 수 있게 되었다. 제안된 원격 메모리 시스템은 원격 메모리 페이지들을 관리하게 되는 원격 메모리 시스템과, 원격 메모리 페이지의 교체를 관리하게 되는 원격 메모리 페이저로 구성되어 있다. 범용으로 쓰이는 MySQL과 같은 데이타베이스를 이용한 TPC-C 실험 결과로 볼 때 제안된 원격 메모리 시스템은 일반적인 대용량 메모리 데이타 처리 시스템에서 요구하는 다양한 요구조건을 만족시킬 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.