• Title/Summary/Keyword: situational awareness

Search Result 164, Processing Time 0.023 seconds

Survey of nonlinear state estimation in aerospace systems with Gaussian priors

  • Coelho, Milca F.;Bousson, Kouamana;Ahmed, Kawser
    • Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
    • /
    • v.7 no.6
    • /
    • pp.495-516
    • /
    • 2020
  • Nonlinear state estimation is a desirable and required technique for many situations in engineering (e.g., aircraft/spacecraft tracking, space situational awareness, collision warning, radar tracking, etc.). Due to high standards on performance in these applications, in the last few decades, there was an increasing demand for methods that are able to provide more accurate results. However, because of the mathematical complexity introduced by the nonlinearities of the models, the nonlinear state estimation uses techniques that, in practice, are not so well-established which, leads to sub-optimal results. It is important to take into account that each method will have advantages and limitations when facing specific environments. The main objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview and interpretation of the most well-known methods for nonlinear state estimation with Gaussian priors. In particular, the Kalman filtering methods: EKF (Extended Kalman Filter), UKF (Unscented Kalman Filter), CKF (Cubature Kalman Filter) and EnKF (Ensemble Kalman Filter) with an aerospace perspective.

A Study on the Characteristics of Airline's CRM (Crew Resource Management) Training Programs and Flight Crews' Satisfaction (항공사 CRM 훈련과정 특성에 따른 승무원 훈련만족도 연구)

  • Yeom, Kwang Yul;Kim, Kee Woong;Park, Sung Sik
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
    • /
    • v.22 no.3
    • /
    • pp.50-59
    • /
    • 2014
  • It has been focused on that the major reasons of aircraft accidents resulted not from human error but from the failure of teamwork or communication in 1980's. Such opinions were suggested in the workshop, so called, "Resource Management on the Flight Deck" by NASA in 1979. The researchers agreed the fact the source of human error was originated from the failure in teamwork, communication or even in leadership of captain. Due to the rapid development of aircraft technologies, the reasons for aircraft accident could be easily found out. According to the analysis results of the technology, most of reasons for the accident might directly be connected not to human error or stick-Rudder skill but to situational awareness, communication, leadership or decision making in the aircraft. This paper has tried to research empirically the satisfaction of flight crews who have gone thorugh CRM training in the commercial airline. Based on the quantitative scale by J. Ford et al. (2014), this paper has proved which characteristics of CRM training has a positive impact on the overall satisfaction of CRM training. It was proven that the teamwork and decision making programs among CRM training have a major effect to the satisfaction level of flight crews.

Development of an Integrated Sensor Module for Terrain Recognition at Disaster Sites (재난재해 현장의 지형인지를 위한 통합 센서 모듈 개발)

  • Seo, Myoung Kook;Yoon, Bok Joong;Shin, Hee Young;Lee, Kyong Jun
    • Journal of Drive and Control
    • /
    • v.17 no.3
    • /
    • pp.9-14
    • /
    • 2020
  • A special purpose machine with two manipulators and quadruped crawler system is being developed to work at disaster sites where it is intended to quickly respond in the initial stages after the event. In this study, a terrain recognition module is developed so that the above special purpose machine can quickly obtain ground information to help choose its path while recognizing objects in its way, this is intended to enhance the remote driver's limited situational awareness. Terrain recognition modules were developed for two tasks (real-time path guidance, precision terrain measurements). The real-time path guidance analyzes terrain and obstacles while moving, while the precision terrain measurement feature provides more accurate terrain information by precisely measuring the ground in front of the vehicle while stationary. In this study, an air-cooled sensor protection module was developed so that the terrain recognition module can continue its vital tasks in the event of exposure to foreign substances, including scattered dust, mist and rainfall, as well as high temperatures.

A Study on Relay Enhancing Method of MIL-STD-188-220 using ACK Reply in CNR Network (Ack 응답을 이용한 MIL-STD-188-220의 중계전송 성능향상에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Young-Min;Sung, Bo Hyon;Youn, Jong Taek;Kim, Young-Ho
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.15 no.5
    • /
    • pp.635-642
    • /
    • 2012
  • The Packet radio C2OTM(Command and Control On The Move) for Command, Control and situational awareness in communication environment of current Combat Net Radio Network is required in a relay transmission techniques. This is to assure the reliability of information transfer, and extend Wireless Coverage and overcome Communication obstacles of mountainous terrain. For the reliability of information transmission in tactical environment, Ad hoc Networking is necessary considering communication environment and an appropriate application of error correction. In this study, We propose a on-demand SDR algorithm that is currently being applied the FEC, Golay, Repetition Code. This enhanced relay transfer uses Ack Reply in tactical operating environment of MIL-STD-188-220 Protocol.

ROI Image Compression Method Using Eye Tracker for a Soldier (병사의 시선감지를 이용한 ROI 영상압축 방법)

  • Chang, HyeMin;Baek, JooHyun;Yang, DongWon;Choi, JoonSung
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.23 no.3
    • /
    • pp.257-266
    • /
    • 2020
  • It is very important to share tactical information such as video, images, and text messages among soldiers for situational awareness. Under the wireless environment of the battlefield, the available bandwidth varies dynamically and is insufficient to transmit high quality images, so it is necessary to minimize the distortion of the area of interests such as targets. A natural operating method for soldiers is also required considering the difficulty in handling while moving. In this paper, we propose a natural ROI(region of interest) setting and image compression method for effective image sharing among soldiers. We verify the proposed method through prototype system design and implementation of eye gaze detection and ROI-based image compression.

A Proposal on the Navigation Supporting System for improving the Marine Traffic Safety

  • Lee, Hyong-Ki;Jung, Chang-Hyun;Kong, Gil-Young;Park, Young-Soo
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
    • /
    • v.33 no.7
    • /
    • pp.463-467
    • /
    • 2009
  • In near future, more congested and dangerous marine traffic environment due to the rapid marine traffics increase and ship handling difficulty by enlargement of ship size is predicted. In this paper, an navigation supporting system proposal made to enhance the safe navigation by providing the collision avoidance informations to the navigator via marine traffic environment assessment. Proposed navigation supporting system displays results of marine traffic environment assessment, degree of the dangers and gives reason of danger which is enhance situational awareness of navigator. For this purpose, results of marine traffic environment assessment which is obtained via real time assessment sent to the designated server and through the connection with navigation supporting system navigator being enable to see all those informations on the computer screen Navigator would utilize those information to make a decision in the difficult waterways and thus safe navigation could be enhanced.

Multi-functional Fighter Radar Scheduling Method for Interleaved Mode Operation of Airborne and Ground Target (전투기탑재 다기능 레이다의 공대공 및 공대지 동시 운용 모드를 위한 스케줄링 기법)

  • Kim, Do-Un;Lee, Woo-Cheol;Choi, Han-Lim;Park, Joontae;Park, Junehyune;Seo, JeongJik
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
    • /
    • v.49 no.7
    • /
    • pp.581-588
    • /
    • 2021
  • This paper deals with a beam scheduling method in fighter interleaving mode. Not only the priority of tasks but also operational requirements that air-to-ground and air-to-air search tasks should be executed alternatively are established to maximize high-quality of situational awareness. We propose a real-time heuristic beam scheduling method that is advanced from WMDD to satisfies the requirements. The proposed scheduling method is implemented in a simulation environment resembling the task processing mechanism and measurement model of a radar. Performance improvement in terms of task delay time is observed.

A Study on the Helicopter Pilot's Psychological and Physiological Influences by 'Surprise and Startle Effect' - Comparison by Pilot Certificate (Private and Commercial) - ('Surprise and Startle Effect'가 헬리콥터 조종사의 심리·생리에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 자격증명(자가용 및 사업용) 조종사의 비교 -)

  • Lee, Seokjong;Lee, Kangseok;Park, Wontae
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
    • /
    • v.29 no.4
    • /
    • pp.28-36
    • /
    • 2021
  • Surprise and Startle are often cited as potential or contributing factors in the cause of aircraft accidents because they can negatively affect pilots' situational awareness and decision-making. Accordingly, it is necessary to more clearly understand the effect on flight safety through the psychological and physiological reactions that occur to the pilots. Therefore, this study empirically analyzed the effects of Surprise and Startle on the pilot's psychological and physiological responses using a helicopter flight training device for the first time in Korea. As a result of the analysis, the ratio of recognition of Startle and Surprise, heart rate, and respiration rate showed a high difference between private pilots and commercial pilots. This is analyzed as the difference between long-term flight experience and flight time. In addition to presenting effective information for improving the education and training field of helicopter pilots in the future, it is intended to provide basic data for related research.

Dual-Mode Framework for Space Object Collision Risk Assessment (우주 물체 충돌 위험 분석을 위한 이중 모드 프레임워크)

  • Kim, Siwoo;Lee, Jinsung;Choi, Eun-Jung;Cho, Sungki;Ahn, Jaemyung
    • Journal of Space Technology and Applications
    • /
    • v.2 no.1
    • /
    • pp.13-29
    • /
    • 2022
  • Recently, the number of space objects around the Earth has increased rapidly, necessitating systematic space risk management. This paper proposes a dual-mode framework for assessing the risk of collision between space objects. The proposed framework consists of microscopic and macroscopic modes. The former focuses on one-to-one collision events, and the latter assesses the overall collision risk inside a cell located in space. Two risk assessment case studies using the proposed two modes demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.

Application of Deep Learning: A Review for Firefighting

  • Shaikh, Muhammad Khalid
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
    • /
    • v.22 no.5
    • /
    • pp.73-78
    • /
    • 2022
  • The aim of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of Deep Learning in the literature on Fire & Rescue Service. It is found that deep learning techniques are only beginning to benefit the firefighters. The popular areas where deep learning techniques are making an impact are situational awareness, decision making, mental stress, injuries, well-being of the firefighter such as his sudden fall, inability to move and breathlessness, path planning by the firefighters while getting to an fire scene, wayfinding, tracking firefighters, firefighter physical fitness, employment, prediction of firefighter intervention, firefighter operations such as object recognition in smoky areas, firefighter efficacy, smart firefighting using edge computing, firefighting in teams, and firefighter clothing and safety. The techniques that were found applied in firefighting were Deep learning, Traditional K-Means clustering with engineered time and frequency domain features, Convolutional autoencoders, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Deep Neural Networks, Simulation, VR, ANN, Deep Q Learning, Deep learning based on conditional generative adversarial networks, Decision Trees, Kalman Filters, Computational models, Partial Least Squares, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Edge computing, C5 Decision Tree, Restricted Boltzmann Machine, Reinforcement Learning, and Recurrent LSTM. The literature review is centered on Firefighters/firemen not involved in wildland fires. The focus was also not on the fire itself. It must also be noted that several deep learning techniques such as CNN were mostly used in fire behavior, fire imaging and identification as well. Those papers that deal with fire behavior were also not part of this literature review.