• 공학교육연구
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.68-75
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• 2017

This study has a purpose to analyse changes in perception and image about engineering and technology of students who participated in the engineering camp. To achieve this objective, the questions were as follows. 1) What about participants' image difference for engineering before and after participating the engineering camp 2) What about participants' image difference for technology before and after participating the engineering camp. For this study, the program was progressed from Aug in 2017 and the data was collected from 88 students, middle school seniors and high school freshmen. The results of this study were as follows: First, secondary students perceived 'valuable(6.74)', 'meaningful(6.73)', 'rich(6.40)', 'collaborative(6.42)', 'nice(6.22)' as high image rank of the positive response for engineering. On the other hand, 'complex(3.59)', 'labored(3.80)', 'hard(4.66)', 'dangerous(4.48)', 'cold(4.86)' were perceived as low image rank of the negative response for engineering. We can realize that they generally has the image that engineering is valuable, meaningful and nice but also labored, complex and hard. The students who participated in the engineering camp showed the greatest difference in 'complex - simple' and 'dangerous - safe' engineering categories before and after the camp, followed by 'cold - hot', 'labored - easy', and 'hard - soft', respectively. Second, secondary students perceived 'meaningful(6.58)', 'valuable(6.55)', 'wide(6.38)', 'nice(6.37)', 'strong(6.25)' as high image rank of the positive response for technology. On the other hand, 'complex(3.85)', 'labored(3.93)', 'hard(4.62)', 'dangerous(4.72)', 'cold(5.05)' were perceived as low image rank of the negative response for technology. The students who participated in the engineering camp had the big change in 'hard - soft' technology category before and after the camp, followed by 'complex - simple', 'labored - easy', 'theoretical - practical' and 'dangerous - safe', respectively. We can see that the negative images for technology which were complex, labored, dangerous, theoretical was improved with positive image such as simple, easy, safe and practical, after conducting the engineering camp. In conclusion, both image recognitions for engineering and technology have improved after the camp. It means that interesting and entertaining engineering-technology program can boost interests in engineering and technology which felt difficult, so that images about them can be turned out positive. Also, it is possible to reduce avoidance of natural science and engineering subjects, as part of the purpose of training creative talents in science and engineering, so it can be said that the engineering camp is highly meaningful because it can lead students into the field of science and engineering.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2009

본 연구는 무인신호위반단속장비의 사고감소 효과를 다루고 있다. 연구의 목적은 EB (Empirical Bayes)방법을 이용하여 사고감소 효과를 분석하는데 있다. 이를 위해 무인신호위반단속장비가 설치된 28개 교차점 728건의 사고자료를 이용한다. 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 단순사고건수 방법의 사고감소 효과는 20.74%로 분석되었다. 둘째, 포아송과 음 이항 회귀모형을 이용하여 SPF모형이 개발되었으며, 과분산계수가 0에 가까워 포아송 회귀모형이 음이항 회귀모형보다 더 적합한 것으로 평가되었다. 아울러 포아송 모형의 ${\rho}^2$값이 0.409로 나타나 통계적으로 유의한 모형으로 분석되었다. 마지막으로, EB방법을 이용한 분석 결과, 사고가 3.89%에서 29.23% 감소된 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.561-566
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• 2008

The EMU of maintenance technique or system is changing on a large scale. To subway operation beginning the breakdown was born and every that time after the fact repaired. But, recently before the breakdown of the subway occurs, repairs in advance with the preventive maintenance concept which was exchanged. However, the preventive maintenance is to readjust, cleaning, tighten and the oil the repetition by the worker simple experience. This study on introduces the EMU of maintenance method which applies a automatic inspection equipment from the study contributing which develops the preventive maintenance system.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.263-266
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• 2013

Bleeding, is one of the most common postoperative complications after palatoplasty in patients with cleft palate. The purpose of this article is to present our experience using a Foley catheter balloon for perioperative palatoplasty bleeding management. A retrospective data analysis was performed for all cases of palatoplasty performed by the author from 1999 to 2012 that experienced postoperative hemorrhage. These patients were managed by utilizing posterior nasal compression with a Foley catheter balloon for the period 2006 to 2012. We have compared two methods (we use before 2006 the reoperative method) with regards to the later development of palatal fistulae and cases with reoperative hemostasis. The study found no statistically significant differences between the conventional and proposed method in relation to the development of palatal fistulae (P=0.7). These findings suggest that nasal packing using a Foley balloon is a safe and effective method for postoperative bleeding control after palatoplasty in patients with cleft palate.

• Asian Spine Journal
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1060-1068
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• 2018

Study Design: Retrospective study. Purpose: Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration is an important cause of low back pain. Overview of Literature: Spinal fusion is often reported to have a good course for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, many studies have reported that adjacent segment degeneration is accelerated after lumbar spinal fusion. Radiography is a simple method used to evaluate the orientation of the vertebral column. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the method most often used to specifically evaluate intervertebral disc degeneration. The Pfirrmann classification is a well-known method used to evaluate degenerative lumbar disease. After spinal fusion, an increase in stress, excess mobility, increased intra-disc pressure, and posterior displacement of the axis of motion have been observed in the adjacent segments. Methods: we retrospectively secured and analyzed the data of 15 patients (four boys and 11 girls) with AIS who underwent a spinal fusion surgery. We studied the full-length view of the spine (anterior-posterior and lateral) from the X-ray and MRI obtained from all patients before surgery. Postoperatively, another full-length spine X-ray and lumbosacral MRI were obtained from all participants. Then, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, curve correction, and fused and free segments before and after surgery were calculated based on X-ray studies. MRI images were used to estimate the degree to which intervertebral discs were degenerated using Pfirrmann grading system. Pfirrmann grade before and after surgery were compared with Wilcoxon signed rank test. While analyzing the contribution of potential risk factors for the post-spinal fusion Pfirrmann grade of disc degeneration, we used generalized linear models with robust standard error estimates to account for intraclass correlation that may have been present between discs of the same patient. Results: The mean age of the participant was 14 years, and the mean curvature before and after surgery were 67.8 and 23.8, respectively (p<0.05). During the median follow-up of 5 years, the mean degree of the disc degeneration significantly increased in all patients after surgery (p<0.05) with a Pfirrmann grade of 1 and 2.8 in the L2-L3 before and after surgery, respectively. The corresponding figures at L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 levels were 1.28 and 2.43, 1.07 and 2.35, and 1 and 2.33, respectively. The lower was the number of free discs below the fusion level, the higher was the Pfirrmann grade of degeneration (p<0.001). Conversely, the higher was the number of the discs fused together, the higher was the Pfirrmann grade. Conclusions: we observed that the disc degeneration aggravated after spinal fusion for scoliosis. While the degree of degeneration as measured by Pfirrmann grade was directly correlated by the number of fused segments, it was negatively correlated with the number of discs that remained free below the lowermost level of the fusion.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.45-60
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• 1995

This study investigated the effects of education program conducted through individual home visit by CHPs, which was developed ,by the operational re-search technique for families of dementia patients. (Yeo Shin Hong et at,1994) The study was conducted in the form of a primary experimental design with 43 people as subjects, including dementia patients and family member in several Myon areas of Chungcheong Namdo between June 10 and August 20, 1994. The data was collected by questionnaires through the home visit by the CHPs. The results of study are as follows. 1. There is no difference in the quality of life between before and after the education program. 2. Role stress 'before the education program' was significantly different than 'after the education program'. 3. There was no difference in the feeling of burden between before and after the education program. 4. There was a significant difference in the abnormal behaviors of patients between before and after the education program. 5. The knowledge of dementia by the patient's family increased significantly after the education program, compared to that of 'before the education program'. 6. There was a significant difference in the attitude of family members toward the education program on dementia between before and after the education program. 7. The results of analysis on the coefficient relationship of various variables showed that the age of patients and family members have a significant correlation with role stress(p=.01). 8. In the subjective evaluation of family members on changes in actual nursing actions and the improvement of knowledge and technique in terms of daily living, (including abnormal behavior of patients, adjustment of environment for patients, activity programs for patients, communication technique with patients, ensuring the safety of patients, clothing, meals and elimination, 60-65% of family members responded that their knowledge had increased. As for improvement in techniques for each item, the technique for communication with patients showed the greatest improvement while the action program method for patients showed the least change. As for the nursing service provided to patients, most respondents showed a positive change. The specific items for which more than 80% respondents answered positively were as follows : recognizing the demand of patients, getting patients to do simple house works, talking softly and gently, removing dangerous things, preparing comfortable clothes that are easy to put on and take off, and limiting water consumption at night. As a result of study, the following suggestions can be made. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of an education program developed and applied for dementia patients and family members in the community. This needs to be compared with a similar study conducted in the urban setting. In addition, a community service program (ex : nursing hem and shelter) including the application of the education program should be developed and the study done to investigate its effect.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2016

Background The loss of nasal tip support is caused by many factors and eventually results in the collapse and eventual dropping of the nasal tip. This reduces the nasolabial (NL) angle and negatively affects respiratory functions and one's appearance. Methods The aim of this retrospective study, which was conducted on 52 patients, was to present and popularize a simple and effective method for the reconstruction of a weakened columella by inserting an autologous ear cartilage graft using a sublabial approach. Results Of all the patients, three patients experienced transplant rejection. The period of follow-up observation was one to five years (mean, 27 months). The results were objectively evaluated by measuring the NL angle in standardized photos before and after the procedure at different time intervals over the follow-up period. We observed a significant increase of the NL angle (mean, $20^{\circ}$), and found these results to be durable over the long term. Of the 52 patients included in this study observed patients, three were dissatisfied (due to immediate infection and shifting of the strut), 28 were satisfied, and 21 were very satisfied. Conclusions The surgical method described here is simple and can be learned quickly. It has very good results with few complications, and is our method of choice for complex and serious cases seen in everyday rhinosurgical practice.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2009

1997년 우리나라에서 무인과속단속시스템 32대가 처음 도입된 이래 2008년 1월 현재 약 3,700기가 설치되어 운영 중에 있으며, 이는 운전자의 운전행태 및 교통특성 변화를 유도함으로서 교통안전을 개선시켜 결과적으로 교통사고건수 및 사망자 수를 크게 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 현재의 설치효과 평가방법은 설치전후 각 1년간 단순 비교하는 방법으로, 설치 바로 전년도의 교통사고건수가 다른 요소에 의해 최근 몇 년간 발생건수에 의해 급격히 증가(감소)하였을 경우 시스템 설치 후 감소(증가)되었어도 명확히 시스템 설치 효과라고 단정 짓기 어려운 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 시스템 설치전후 4단계 분석기법을 근간으로 하여 과속단속시스템의 설치효과에 대하여 새롭게 평가하였다. 그 결과 2006년도에 설치한 205대의 과속단속시스템 설치효과는 기존의 분석방법에서 제시한 18%의 교통사고건수 감소효과가 아니라 시스템 설치효과에 의해 $27.4{\pm}3%$, 도로개선 등 기타 요인으로 인한 오차범위가 ${\pm}12.89%$인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2013

PURPOSES : This study is to evaluate moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures by using non-destructive impact wave and to determine durability so as to decrease the gap between before and after freezing in the future. METHODS : Using non-destructive impact wave, this study is to determine the dynamic modulus of asphalt specimen. Furthermore, the results obtained from two experiment accelerometers are used for the dynamic modulus determination. The dynamic moduli of specimens are compared with those of the freezing-thawing specimens. RESULTS : Test results showed that the dynamic modulus before freezing and thawing environment loads at each temperature dropped about 3.7% after the environmental loads. Furthermore, correlation analysis indicates that transition of dynamic modulus at each point is about 89.59%. CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of asphalt mixtures using non-destructive impact wave has excellent repeatability and simple equipment for the test. Consequently, the method in the study will be useful for evaluating the characteristics of a various asphalt mixtures.

• 복식
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.113-129
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• 2003

This study examined textiles used for the ancient costumes that are excavated from tombs of the Chosun dynasty, focusing especially on Po(overcoat). The result of the study is that silk occupies 79.8% of all the textiles used for Po, and cotton and linen follow. The weaving method of silk was primarily plain and satin weaves. However the use of twill, gauze, and double weave, that had led weaving methods of silk during the Koryo dynasty, are considerably decreased in Chosun dynasty. Danlyeong(단령) and Cheollik(첩리) had been made of various textile fabrics like cotton, linen, silk and blended fabric before Imjinwaeran(임진왜란). After the war, they were simplified in gauze weaved silk or satin weaved silk, And also patterned fabric were widely used for them than other Po. Simple fabrics like cotton, linen and plain weaved silk had been used for Aekjureum(액주름) and Jiklyeong(직령) before Imjinwaeran. After the war, Jiklyeong was used as underwears of Danlyeong, so it was made of high quality patterned silk. Dopo(도포) and Changuiryu(창의류) were mainly excavated from tombs after the war, high quality plain weaved silk are used than gorgeous Patterned silk. For the Dopho(답호) and Bansuui(반수의), before the war, they were made with various textiles such as plain weaved silk, twill weaved silk, satin weaved silk, cotton, linen, and blended fabric. But after the war plain weave was mainly used. In Jangui(장의), since it was mostly for women, many kinds of women's patterned silk were used in than any other Po. There were only a few excavation of Simui(심의) and most of them were made of ramie and were hemmed in black satin without pattern.