• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.93-107
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• 2018

A questionnaire survey was conducted on male and female college students living in Busan in May 2015 to study customer types and purchasing behaviors based on the benefit sought from undergarments. This study used a total of 460 data reports collected from 203 male and 257 female college students. The results of this study were as follows. First, the undergarment benefits sought were divided into material and function, harmony of outerwear and underwear and design. Consumers were categorized into function seekers, brand and design seekers, and undergarment indifferent customers. In addition, while male college students were likely to be function seekers, female college students were mostly brand and design seekers. Second, both male and female respondents showcased significant differences in the undergarment benefits sought depending on their customer type. Based on the customer type, male college students showed a greater difference in the undergarment benefits they sought when compared to their female counterparts, and marked differences were found in male respondents' undergarment material and function factors and female respondents' harmony factor of outerwear and underwear. Based on their sex, a significant difference in the harmony factor of outerwear and undergarments was observed. Third, after examining the purchasing behavior influenced by the customer type, this study found that both male and female students had undergarment purchasing behavior differences depending on their customer type, while function seekers and design seekers were likely to exhibit similar behaviors in purchasing undergarments regardless of their sex, except for their preferred image and purchasing method of undergarments. However, among the indifferent group of customers, there were significant differences depending on their sex.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.300-306
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• 2018

The rod-shaped $Ni_{0.5}Zn_{0.5}Fe_2O_4$ particles were synthesized via a topotactic reaction, in which goethite (${\alpha}-FeOOH$) particles are the main constituents. The phases, microstructures and magnetic properties of these particles were studied using XRD, FE-SEM and VSM. The precursor solution consisted of $NiSO_4{\cdot}xH_2O$, $ZnSO_4{\cdot}xH_2O$, goethite and D.I. water werereacted at four different temperatures (50, 70, 90, $100^{\circ}C$) to generate four differently precipitated particles respectively. During the co-precipitation reaction, the pH of the solution was maintained at 8.0 using NaOH. The particles co-precipitated and calcined at a temperature of $700^{\circ}C$, exhibited a rod-shape similar to its original goethite, which means that the shape of Ni-Zn ferrite particles can be topotactically controlled by the goethite. The particles synthesized at 70 and $90^{\circ}C$ have a saturation magnetization of 29 and 35 emu/g respectively; representing better values than the ones synthesized at the 50 and $100^{\circ}C$, in which some second phases such as $Fe_2O_3$ were observed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.558-565
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• 2017

Hybrid insulators that have the advantages of both porcelain (high mechanical strength and chemical stability) as well as polymer (light weight and high resistance to pollution) insulators, can be used in place of individual porcelain and polymer insulators that are used for both mechanical support as well as electrical insulation of overhead power transmission lines. The most significant feature of hybrid insulators is the presence of porcelain/polymer interfaces where the porcelain and polymer are physically bonded. Individual porcelain and polymer insulators do not have such porcelain/polymer interfaces. Although the interface is expected to affect the mechanical/electrical properties of the hybrid insulator, systematic studies of the adhesion properties at the porcelain/polymer interface and the effect of the interface on the insulation characteristics and electric field distribution of the hybrid insulator have not been reported. In this study, we fabricated small hybrid insulator specimens with various types of interfaces and investigated the effect of the porcelain/polymer interface on the microstructure, insulating characteristics, and electric field distribution of the hybrid insulators. It was observed that the porcelain/polymer interface of the hybrid insulator does not have a significant effect on the insulating characteristics and electric field distribution, and the hybrid insulator can exhibit electrical insulating properties that are similar or superior to those of individual porcelain and polymer insulators.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1161-1171
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• 1993

Model materials are developed to achieve similarity of flow patterns for mild steels in forming processes at high temperatures. The model materials consist of pure plasticine and one or two additives such as resin and lanolin. To verify the similarity of flow patterns between physical modeling and compression of mild steels at high temperatures, ring and compression tests have been carried out with the developed-model materials at various strain rates, temperatures and lubricants. The test results are in good agreement with the flow patterns obtained from upsetting of a mild steel at high temperatures.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.377-386
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• 2006

Imwonshibyukji(1827) is an important and stupendous ancient scientific book, which is much like an encyclopedia, that can discern the dietary life of the latter period of Choseon. This article is assorted, which is mentioned in this book, as Cho(Misutkaru-in parched grain that is weed out into powder) to the main material of grain Youmicho, Wandoocho, Youcho, also the medicinal plant as the main material Youkhangcho, Backyupcho, Chungumcho, Unyoungcho, and Naecho, Haengcho, Eicho, Imgumcho, Joyou, Bokbunjacho, made by fruit. The results of inquiring the property by the assortment is as you see in the following. Youmicho, Wandoocho, Youcho, Youkhyangcho, Backyupcho, and Chungumcho, which consist of glutinous rice, nonclutinous rice, barley, buckwheat, pea, and black soybean are among 13 kinds of methods to make Cho. The manufacturing process is similar to that of Misutkaru, but in the case of Unyoungcho 6 different medicinal powders are mixed with Chundang and Sookmill to form a hard portable taffy substance, which is quite unique. Naecho, Haengcho, Eicho, Imgumcho, Joyou, and Bokbunjacho are extracted from pulp and processed in a powder form like Misutkaru, which can also be considered as a fruit tea. Youcho is unique in its sense, since it is fermented by maggots that are bred in order to obtain the juice. Cho is known to calm thirst and empty stomachs, and has various medicinal materials to act as food to aid virility. It is also known to have multiple functions as an alternative staple, refreshment to aid virility, portable food, and preferable beverage. There are ten references on Cho, 37% are Korean in Ongheejobji and 63% Chinese in Jaeminyosool, Bonchogangmok, Chungmoonbobang, Nongjungchunsuh, Wangshinongsuh, Shikgyung, Sukmyung, Bonchoseupyou, and Wisaengbogam. The citations are in the general introduction and 13 types of Cho are cited 19 times overall, but citations based on Chinese references are non existe.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.423-423
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• 2009

Currently, lasers are one of the most popular light sources in use for medical treatment. Many studies on low power lasers are being done in cell culture or through animal tests and most report different findings, making it difficult to verify their true effects. There are shifts in trends of studies from laser and LED that are expensive and generate heat problem to LED that are economically effective and safe. Its near infrared rays can penetrate deep into skin or muscle, up to 23 cm, without causing thermal damage or impairing neighboring tissues. This study verified the performance and effectiveness of an LED irradiator that was designed to emit similar wavelengths to that of a laser and thus could be used instead of a low level laser therapy in experiments on animals. And then, each experiment was performed to irradiation group and non-irradiation group for NTacSam:SD tissue cells. MIT assay method was chosen to verify the cell increase of two groups and the effect of irradiation on cell proliferation was examined by measuring 590nm transmittance of ELISA reader. As a result, the cell increase of NTacSam:SD tissue cells was verified in irradiation group as compared to non-irradiation group. The fact that specific wavelength irradiation has an effect on cell vitality and proliferation is known through this study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.22-22
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• 2009

The silver thick film has been used in many industries such as display, chip, solar cell, automobile, and decoration with conventional heating. The silver thick film is fired with optimal time and temperature. However, decreasing the fabrication time is required due to high production power. Furthermore, there is a problem that silver in electrode is diffused throughout any substrates. For inhibiting the Ag diffusion and long fabrication time we considered a microwave heating. We investigated firing of silver thick film with conventional and microwave heating. The temperature of substrate was measured by thermal paper and the temperature of substrate was under $100\;^{\circ}C$ The shrinkage of electrode was measured with optical microscopy and optical profilometry. The shrinkage of electrode heat treated with microwave for 5min was similar to the that fired by the conventional heating for several hours. After firing by two types of heating, the diffusion of silver was determined using a optical microscope. The microstructure of sintered silver thick film was observed by SEM. Based on our results, the microwave heating should be a candidate heating source for the fabrication electronic devices in terms of saving the tact time and preventing the contamination of substrate.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.101-106
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• 2012

In this study, we investigated the effect of groove pattern and gap-fill with lossy materials at 15 GHz frequency of Ku-band. We used Epoxy/MWCNT composite materials as gap-fill materials. Although epoxy does not have an absorbance capability, epoxy added conductive fillers, which are multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), can function as radar absorbing material. Specimens were fabricated with different MWCNT mass fractions (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 wt%) and their permittivity in the Ku-band was measured using the waveguide technique. We investigated the effect of gap-fill on monostatic RCS by calculating RCS with and without gap-fill. For arbitrarily chosen thickness and experimentally obtained relative permittivity, we chose the relative permittivity of MWCNT at 2 wt% (${\varepsilon}_r$=8.8-j2.4), which was the lowest reflection coefficient for given thickness of 3.3 mm at V-pol. and $80^{\circ}$ incident angle. We also checked the monostatic RCS and the field intensity inside the groove channel. In the case of H-pol, gap-fill was not affected by the monostatic RCS and magnitude was similar with or without gap-fill. However, in the case of V-pol, gap-fill effectively reduced the monostatic RCS. The field intensity inside the groove channel reveals that different RCS behaviors depend on the wave polarizations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1227-1240
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• 2009

This study examines the actual conditions of toddler playwear preference survey for design and function. The study develops proper indoor and outdoor playwear for toddlers based on the analysis. A survey of 200 parents with toddlers between 2 and 6 years old and 120 teachers was conducted to find the conditions and needs for playwear along with the necessary design elements. Second, 6 designs including 3 designs for indoor playwear and 3 designs for outdoor playwear were made. These designs emphasized on soil contamination part, color, pattern, form, material, detail, and fasteners. Art play and cooking play are considered for indoor playwear and ways to decrease contamination on sleeve hem, elbow, chest, and knee were determined through the use of yellow, green, and blue colors. Applying a character and separate top with sleeves were determined. Light with breathable and waterproof fabric was determined. The correct amount of Velcro fasteners or buttons was determined for front fastening in addition a pocket was considered necessary as a detail part. The common design for both boys and girls along with a proper design for diverse play were determined. For outdoor playwear, water play, sand play, movement play, and ecology experience are considered and ways to decease contamination on hip, sleeve hem, and knee should be applied to the design as determined through the use of yellow, green, blue, and red colors. The demands for pattern, form, material, and details were similar to indoor playwear. Zipper and buttons for front fastening were determined. These final 6 playwear designs are presented using CAD WALK DESIGNWARE.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.244-252
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• 1994

The morphological changes of primary solid particles as a fuction of process time on Al-Si alloys during semi-solid state processing with a shear rate of 200s were studied. In hypereutectic Al-15.5wt%Si alloy, it was observed that primary Si crystals are fragmented in the early stage of stirring and morphologies of primary Si crystals change from faceted to spherical during isothermal shearing for 60 minutes. In quaternary Al-12.5wt%Si-2.9wt%Cu-0.7wt%Mg alloy system, it was observed both primary silicon and ${\alpha}$-alumunum particles. Microstructural evolution of primary Si crystals was similar to that of the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy but equiaxed ${\alpha}$-Al dendrites are broken into nearly spherical at the early stage of shearing and later stage of the isothermal shearing ${\alpha}$- Al particles are slightly coarsoned by Ostwald ripening. Mechanical properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy were compared to those from other processes (squeeze casting and gravity casting). After T6 heat treatment, comparable values of hardness were obtained while slightly lower compressive strength values were observed in rheocast alloy. The elongation, on the other hand, exhibited significant increasement of 15% over gravity cast alloy.