• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.77 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2014

We report a case of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis invading the mediastinum and the left atrium. A 70-year-old woman was hospitalized for dyspnea. She had been well controlled for her diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The chest X-ray disclosed mediastinal widening, and the computed tomography scan of the chest showed that there was a large mediastinal mass and this lesion extended into the left atrium and right bronchus. The cardiac echocardiography showed that a huge mediastinal cystic mass compressed in the right atrium and a hyperechoic polypoid lesion in the left. The pathology from the bronchoscopic biopsy observed abundant fungal hyphae which was stained with periodic acid-Schiff and Gomori's methenamine silver. Despite the treatment with antifungal agents, she died from cardiac tamponade after three months. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, which involves the mediastinum and the heart, is very rare in immunocompetent patients.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.135-140
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• 1984

The reduction of vacuum-dehydrated $Na_xAg_{12-x}-A, 0 {\le} x {\le} 9.2$, and its reoxidation by O$_2$, have been studied by X-ray powder diffraction. Also, the structure of $Na_6Na_6-A$ treated with hydrogen at room temperature has been studied by single crystal methods in the cubic space group Pm3m at $24{\circ}C (a = 12.221(2) {\AA})$. The diffraction pattern of dehydrated Ag$_{12}$-A reduced by H$_2$ contains only the (111) and (200) reflections of silver metal, indicationg that the zeolite structure has been lost, but the zeolite's diffraction pattern and structural integrity can be fully restored by oxidation with O$_2$ at 100 or 200${\circ}C$. In contrast, the structures of $Na_xAg_{12-x}-A$, x = 4.5 and 9.2, were not destroyed by treatment with hydrogen. Dehydrated Na$_6Ag_6$-A treated with 50 Torr of hydrogen gas at 24${\circ}C$ for 30 minutes has $6\; Na^+\;and\;1.27\;Ag^+$ ions at 6-ring sites. These $Ag^+ ions are associated with 2.54 Ag${\circ}$ atoms to form 1.27 $Ag_3^+$ clusters per unit cell. Also found were 0.7 $Ag_3^{2+}$ clusters per unit cell near the 8-rings. The structure was refined to the final error indices R$_1$ = 0.134 and R$_2$ (weighted) = 0.147, using 168 independent reflections for which $I_0 >3{\sigma}(I_0)$.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.143-155
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• 2003

As archives, photograph is the evident records of historical facts and experiences. Thus, it is worth preserving. Unlike other documents silver halide photographic films and prints are quite sensitive to environmental factors such as light, temperature and humidity, which demands careful treatment in preservation. This study was carried out to select popular photographic films and papers on the market, to examine their photographic speeds (or sensitivities) and to compare and analyze their preservative features after keeping them some time in a weather-o-meter. Consequently, B/W materials were superior to color ones in preservation. And films were better than papers in the same manner. But we were not able to observe remarkable differences among material's manufacturers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.102-110
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• 2019

This study is for the elderly with mental and physical dysfunction, developing resistance exercise program using tube elasticity, and analysing the effects of this movement on the improvement of gait ability, balance ability and muscle strength of the elderly. After a 12-week program for 58 participants of the daycare center, dependent t-test was performed. As a result, the total participants showed average improvement in gait, balancing and hand grip strength. This means a lot in terms of improving one's ability of ADL(Activities of daily living) and reducing the risk of falling. Therefore, if the program expands and activates the target as an entire elderly, it is expected to be a preventative way to prevent healthy elderly people from moving to the frailty who need treatment and to delay the deterioration of the frailty with disabilities.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.49 no.12
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• pp.995-1000
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• 2011

The microstructure of Cu-24 wt.%Ag filamentary nanocomposite fabricated by a thermo-mechanical process has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. This study is focused on the stability of Ag filaments formed by cold drawing; the effects of thermal treatment on the precipitation behavior and distribution of Ag-rich precipitates were also investigated. The Ag filaments elongated along the <111> orientation were observed in Cu-rich ${\alpha}$ phase of the as-drawn specimen and the copper matrix and the silver filament have a cube on cube orientation relationship. Annealing at temperatures lower than $200^{\circ}C$ for the as-drawn specimen caused insignificant change of the fibrous morphology but squiggly interfaces or local breaking of the elongated Ag filaments were easily observed with annealing at $300^{\circ}C$. When samples were annealed at $400^{\circ}C$, discontinuous precipitation was observed in supersaturated Cu solid solution. Ag precipitates with a thickness of 7-20 nm were observed along the <112> direction and the orientation relationship between the copper matrix and the Ag precipitates maintained the same orientation relationship in the as-drawn specimen. The interface between the copper matrix and the Ag precipitates is parallel to {111} and micro-twins were observed in the Ag precipitates.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.334-344
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• 2022

Bacterial wilt is a re-emerging disease on dry bean and can affect many other crop species within the Fabaceae. The causal agent, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (CFF), is a small, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that is seed-transmitted. Infections in the host become systemic, leading to wilting and economic loss. Clean seed programs and bactericidal seed treatments are two critical management tools. This study characterizes the efficacies of five bactericidal chemicals against CFF. It was hypothesized that this bacterium was capable of forming biofilms, and that the cells within biofilms would be more tolerant to bactericidal treatments. The minimum biocide eradication concentration assay protocol was used to grow CFF biofilms, expose the biofilms to bactericides, and enumerate survivors compared to a non-treated control (water). Streptomycin and oxysilver bisulfate had EC95 values at the lowest concentrations and are likely the best candidates for seed treatment products for controlling seed-borne bacterial wilt of bean. The results showed that CFF formed biofilms during at least two phases of the bacterial wilt disease cycle, and the biofilms were much more difficult to eradicate than their planktonic counterparts. Overall, biofilm formation by CFF is an important part of the bacterial wilt disease cycle in dry edible bean and antibiofilm bactericides such as streptomycin and oxysilver bisulfate may be best suited for use in disease management.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.368-373
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• 1992

The effect of alachlor treatment on protein synthesis was studied. Protein synthesis was inhibited by $1{\times}10^{-4}$ M and $1{\times}10^{-3}$M of alachlor 5.8% and 86.5%, respectively, while did not occur blow $1{\times}10^{-5}$M alachlor. Soluble protein of alachlor treated oat root tips was examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The proteins extracted from oat root tips showed that they were made up of subunits blow 100 kd polypeptides by SDS-PAGE. As compared to control, high molecular proteins(above 47 kd) were inhibited of oat root treated with alachlor, while low molecular proteins(below 23 kd) were increased. Two-D gels showed that alachlor caused decrease(1-6 spots) or increase(7-10 spots) in number of polypeptides on silver staining. The intensity of some polypeptides of soluble proteins (molecular mass of 83 kd : 1, 2 spots, 70 kd : 3, 4 spots, and 47.5 kd : 5, 6 spots) decreased in alachlor treatment, whereas the intensity of other peptide bands (20 kd : 7 spot and 16 kd : 8, 9, 10 spots) increased. Oat root tip proteins present in the neutral zone are masked by diffusing of major proteins, but proteins in acid zone are resolved minor proteins.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to investigate how induced microcurrent shoes affect relief of feet pain, which often occurs to persons who are more than fifty years old and how they prevent fatigue of feet generated during everyday life. The subjects of this study were comprised af five males and five females, who agreed with this research and ate more than fifty years old. And they all have plantar faciitis and pain in their feet. Methods: Subjects ware the induced microcurrent shoes far more than 4 hours everyday during the test. When they wore those shoes, they also wore the specially produced shacks made of silver-mixed thread and they were asked to avoid serious exercise. Prior to starting test and after the test, assessments were carried out two times. In the examination before the test, general shoes were used and in examination after the test, induced microcurrent shoes used. Muscle fatigue was measured by electromyography(MP150, Biopac, USA). When the walking rate of subjects on a treadmill was increased from 2.Km/h to 3Km/h for 10 minutes, muscle activities of a lower leg were measured during the whale walking process by MP150 remote monitoring system(TEL 100C). And pain was measured by VAS. Results: The results are as follows. 1. Comparisons of VAS before and after experimentation showed that degree of pain was significantly decreased(p < .05). 2. Degree of fatigue of Tibialis anterior was significantly decreased after 6 weeks of treatment(p < .05). 3. Degree of fatigue of Soleus was slightly decreased after 6 weeks of treatment, but did not show significant difference (p > .05). Conclusion: The above results suggest that induced microcurrent shoes is helpful decreasing fatigue of feet and relief of feet pain.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.3-3
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• 2018

For centuries, Panax ginseng Meyer (Korean ginseng) has been widely used as a medicinal herb in Korea, China, and Japan. Ginsenosides are a class of triterpene saponins and recognized as the bioactive components in Korean ginseng. Ginsenosides, which can be classified broadly as protopanaxadiols (PPD), protopanaxatriols (PPT), and oleanolic acids, have been shown to flaunt a vast array of pharmacological activities such as immune-modulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant effects. In recent years, a number of ginseng and ginsenoside researches have increasingly gained wide attention owing to its unique pharmacological properties. Although good efficacies of ginsenosides have been reported, lack of target specific delivery into tumor sites, low solubility, and low bioavailability due to modifications in gastro-intestinal environments limit their biomedical application in clinical trials. As a result to this major challenge, nanotechnology and drug delivery techniques play a significant role to solve this problematic issue. Thus, we reported the preparation of poly-ethylene glycol (PEG) and glycol chitosan (GC) functionalized to ginsenoside (Compound K and PPD) conjugates via hydrolysable ester bonds with improved aqueous solubility and pH-dependent drug release. In vitro cytotoxicity assays revealed that PEG-CK, and PPD-CK conjugates exhibited lower cytotoxicity compared to bare CK and PPD in HT29 cells. However, GC-CK conjugates exhibited higher and similar cytotoxicity in HT29 and HepG2 cells. Furthermore, GC-CK-treated RAW264.7 cells did not exhibit significant cell death at higher concentration of treatment which supports the biocompatibility of the polymer conjugates. They also inhibited nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW64.7 cells. In addition to polymer-ginsenoside conjugates, silver (AgNps) and gold nanoparticles (AuNps) have been successfully synthesized by green chemistry using different m. The biosynthesized nanoparticles demonstrated antimicrobial efficacy, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity, biofilm inhibition, and anticoagulant effect. Special interest on the effective delivery methods of ginsenoside to treatment sites is the focus of metal nanoparticle research.In short, nano-sizing of ginsenoside results in an increased water solubility and bioavailability. The use of nano-sized ginsenoside and P. ginseng mediated metallic nanoparticles is expected to be effective on medical platform against various diseases in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.511-526
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• 2018

Effects of heat treatment on the characteristics of Royal paulownia (Paulownia tometosa) wood were investigated. The results were compared with those of Suwon silver poplar (Populus tementiglandulosa) and Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora) woods. The wood samples of the three species were treated at $160^{\circ}C$, $180^{\circ}C$, $200^{\circ}C$ and $220^{\circ}C$ in an electric furnace for 2 hours. The changes of color, density, mass loss, and relative crystallinity were investigated before and after heat treatment. The lightness ($L^*$) decreased rapidly from $200^{\circ}C$ in all species. There were no change in red-green chromaticity($a^*$) and yellow-blue chromaticity($b^*$) of Royal paulownia and poplar woods with increasing temperature. Whereas, yellow-blue chromaticity($b^*$) of Korean red pine wood decreased sharply from $200^{\circ}C$. Royal paulownia wood showed appreciable color change(${\Delta}E^*$) after heat treatment above $180^{\circ}C$. Poplar and pine woods, however, presented significant color change from $160^{\circ}C$. Color change of the three wood species increased rapidly with increasing temperature. Mass loss of the three wood species by heat treatment was the highest in the Royal paulownia wood and the lowest in the pine wood. Mass loss and relative crystallinity increased and density decreased slightly with increasing temperature. Consequently, it is revealed that Royal paulownia wood showed considerable differences in the temperature of color change, weight loss and change of relative crystallinity compared to the other wood species.