• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1133-1144
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• 2000

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the program for the autistic children which was designed to promote mother-child attachment. The subjects of this study were consisted of 11 pairs of mother and child( 7 for participant group:PG, 4 for non-participant group: NPG), who were diagnosed as Pervasive Developmental Disorder. The intervention was consisted with play activity centered mother-child interaction, educational activity for mothers, lecture, video-feedback, and supports. The main data were collected by video-taping and analyzed by Wilcoxon Rank Sign Test, and Content Analysis. The results obtained were as follows, 1. Before the program, there were no significant group differences on the children's and the mother's characteristics. After the program, total score on the attachment of PG was higher than that of NPG, but not significant. Only proximity-seeking behaviors and contact-maintaining behaviors were higher significantly(p<.05). Then the characteristics on contact- maintaining behaviors of PG were lasting longer and reciprocal than those of NPG. 2. After the program, the score on mother's nurturing behavior of PG was significantly more increased. The mother's behaviors to her child of PG became more child- centered, positively responsive, expressive supportively. But there were pretty big individual difference. It can be concluded that Mother-child Attachment Promotion Program is effective. Thus it can be recommended to be a early intervention model for autistic children.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.2407-2426
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• 2016

A group signature scheme allows any member to sign on behalf of a group. It is applied to practical distributed security communication environments, such as privacy-preserving, data mining. In particular, the excellent features of group signatures, including membership joining and revocation, anonymity, traceability, non-frameability and controllable linkability, make group signature scheme more attractive. Among these features, non-frameability can guarantee that a member's signature cannot be forged by any other (including issuer), and controllable linkability supports to confirm whether or not two group signatures are created by the same signer while preserving anonymity. Until now, only Hwang et al.'s group schemes (proposed in 2013 and 2015) can support all of these features. In this paper, we present a new dynamic group signature scheme which can achieve all of the above excellent features. Compared with their schemes, our scheme has the following advantages. Firstly, our scheme achieves more efficient membership revocation, signing and verifying. The cost of update key in our scheme is two-thirds of them. Secondly, the tracing algorithm is simpler, since the signer can be determined without the judging step. Furthermore, in our scheme, the size of group public key and member's private key are shorter. Lastly, we also prove security features of our scheme, such as anonymity, traceability, non-frameability, under a random oracle model.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.2606-2611
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• 2008

The high energy fluid leakage from the high temperature and high differential pressure drop system of NPPs (Nuclear Power Plants) decreases efficiency and consequently leads to considerable economic loss due to less power production. Also, the leakage possibly damages critical parts of components such as valve and trim with the effect of cavitation, flashing, and erosion, etc. and deteriorates its performance. Thus, in this study, we diagnosed the as-is leakage for four (4) main steam drain valves and two (2) steam traps of Yonggwang 1,2 units during normal operation by using multi-measuring technique and observed the occurrence of fine leakage. In the course of measuring fluid leakage, the sign of fine leakage is estimated to be the leakage from orifice. By converting the leakage to energy loss, it is equivalent to the amount of several hundred thousand won per each unit, which supports the basis for the justification of fine leakage.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.41-49
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• 2004

As a means of overcoming the linguistic barrier between different languages in the Internet cyberspace, a sign-language communication system has been proposed. However, the system supports avatars having the same model structure so that it is difficult to communicate between different avatar models. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new gesture communication system in which different avatars models can communicate with each other by using a FBML (Facial Body Markup Language). Using the FBML, we define a standard document format that contains the messages to be transferred between models, where the document includes the action units of facial expression and the joint angles of gesture animation. The proposed system is implemented with Visual C++ and Open Inventor on Windows platforms. The experimental results demonstrate a possibility that the method could be used as an efficient means to overcome the linguistic problem.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.198-208
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• 2000

Objectives：This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the attachment promotion program which was designed to promote attachment between autistic children and their mothers. The program was consisted of play activity centered mother-child interaction, educational activity for mothers by lecture, video-feedback session, and emotional supports. Methods：The subjects were consisted of 11 pairs of mother and child(7 for participant group：PG, 4 for non-participant group：NPG), who were 2-4 years-old autistic children. The data were collected by video-taping, behavioral observations, and analyzed by Wilcoxon Rank(Sign) Sum Test and Content Analysis. Results：The total attachment score increased from pre test to post-test of PG was significantly higher than that of NPG. The scores of attachment behaviors indicating proximity, mutuality and affect increased significantly(p<.05), while some behaviors indicating synchrony and jointattention did not. Especially the affectionate behaviors of PG demonstrated the most notable changes and they became more active, voluntary and reciprocal. After the program, the mother's nurturing behaviors of PG increased more than that of NPG, with no significant difference between two groups. The mother's behaviors to her child of PG became more child-centered, positively responsive, supportively expressive. As the attachment was promoted, there were also positive changes in the children's autistic behaviors with a great deal of individual differences. Conclusion：Our findings suggest that Mother-Child Attachment Promotion Program could be an effective early intervention model for autistic children.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.876-884
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• 2014

A hardware design of LDPC decoder which is based on the improved normalized min-sum(INMS) decoding algorithm is described in this paper. The designed LDPC decoder supports 19 block lengths(576~2304) and 6 code rates(1/2, 2/3A, 2/3B, 3/4A, 3/4B, 5/6) of IEEE 802.16e mobile WiMAX standard and 3 block lengths(648, 1296, 1944) and 4 code rates(1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6) of IEEE 802.11n WLAN standard. The decoding function unit(DFU) which is a main arithmetic block is implemented using sign-magnitude(SM) arithmetic and INMS decoding algorithm to optimize hardware complexity and decoding performance. The LDPC decoder synthesized using a 0.18-${\mu}m$ CMOS cell library with 100 MHz clock has 284,409 gates and RAM of 62,976 bits, and it is verified by FPGA implementation. The estimated performance depending on code rate and block length is about 82~218 Mbps at 100 MHz@1.8V.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2006

Message Signs (VMS) structures offer an increase in traffic safety through their ability to relay massages to motorists for warnings of hazards ahead, traffic congestion, accidents, and lane closings. The geometry of these signs sometimes results in the significant cyclic loading of the supports structure due to wind gusts, which can result from passing trucks or from natural wind. This study presents the results of analytical and experimental investigations of VMS structures. The commercially available softwareGTSTRUDL (2003) was used to perform space-frame structural analyses of these welded tubular structures. Fatigue evaluations were performed using stress ranges from field measurements and from structural analyses. Based on the results of the structural analyses that were conducted, where fatigue design loadings that had been derived from AASHTO Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaries, and Traffic Signals (2001) were used, the structures that had been studied were found not to have infinite fatigue life. According to the limited measurements that were made in this study, the fatigue design loadings derived from AASHTO Specifications (2001) appear to be conservative, but they are not overly conservative. The results of this study should be used to make a reasonable design of VMS structures, and to maintain their standards.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.118-129
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how effective the existing sex education programs and letter to parents from school were for their know ledge and attitudes towards sex of the middle school students. Methods: Subjects were selected from first grade students in a middle school from May 30 through July 19, 2005. The subjects were divided into three groups of 70 students each, two experiment groups and one control group. The study was conducted by nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The information letter from school to parents was made into four editions on double-sided A4 size paper and was handed out to students during weekly meeting. Both the students and their parents were required to read it and the parents were told to sign the papers. The sex education program applied in this study was recomposed based on the programs which were previously made by Sun Hee Park(2004) and Eun Ja Jung(2000). Content provided in the sex education program is identical to the one's in the information letter to parents. Experimental group 1 was required to read the four information letters to parents for two weeks, together with their parents. Group 2 experienced the sex education program four times in two weeks of time. The above two experimental groups and the control group were assessed on their knowledge and attitude towards sex twice, before and after the experiment. Results: There were significant differences in sexual knowledge about sex between the three subject groups and such data supports the first hypothesis. There was significant difference in attitude towards sex between the three subject groups and such data support the second hypothesis. Conclusion: According to the experiment results, both the information letter to parents and programs about sex education were effective for the middle school students. Yet, teaching students with the program format was more successful than handout formats. However, using information letters to parents to educate students does not waste any school hours, so if school nurses can provide the students more papers, the educational effect will be greater.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 1999

Japanese welfare legislation for the disabled was enacted via Law 283 on December 26. 1956. The push for such legislation at the national level had gown concurrent with development of Japan's post-war economy Korean welfare law for disabled was made 22 years later and was again amended in 1989. The current legislation promotes and supports the legal welfare of the Koran disabled. The following are the results of a comparison between Korean and Japanese accessibility facilities and welfare law; 1) Japan's developement of disabled people's welfare law is inextricably linked to the development of disabled people's advocacy and the human rights movement. In addition, welfare policy has shifts its mandate from rehabilitation to independent living. It follows that local altitudes will play a pivotal role in further policy initiatives. Korean disabled people's welfare policy emerged hand in hand with economic recovery and development following the Korean War. By 1977 a special education law was enacted which-like it Japanese counterpart-promoted the education of disabled children. 2) Accessibility facilities were developed privately movement. The disabled faced constant and systematic disadvantages in public/private buildings and transportation systems. A general lack of cultural awareness and information relating ti these problems prevailed. These included-hut were by no means limited to sign language (for hearing the impaired) and braille(the language of blind). However, new attitudes and improvements have since emerged and new laws have resulted in the publication of Korean 'White Book' outlining the everyday problems faced by the disabled. In addition, mort convenient access facilities have been constructed in public and private buildings. In closing, legal support for the disabled, senior citizens and pregnant women continues to be improved by newer legislation enacted tin April 6, 1977.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 2019

In this paper, we introduce the UTOPIA Smart City Security Management System which manages a user authentication for smart cities. Because the smart city management system should take care of huge number of users and services, and various kinds of resources and facilities, and they should be carefully controlled, we need a specially designed security management system. UTOPIA is a smart city system based on ICT(Information and Communication Technology), and it has a three tier structure of UTOPIA portal system, UTOPIA processing system and UTOPIA infrastructure system. The UTOPIA processing system uses the smart city middleware named SmartUM. The UTOPIA Smart City Security Management System is implemented in the application security layer, which is the top layer of the SmartUM middleware, and the infrastructure security layer, which is the lowest layer. The UTOPIA Smart City security management system is built on the premise that it supports all existing user authentication technologies. This paper introduces the application security layer and describes the authentication management in the application security layer.