• 음성과학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2008

The purpose of this study were to develop short form versions of MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories - Korean and to discuss clinical implications. Two short versions were developed: one for $9\sim17$ month-olds(including 69 words and 17 object manipulation skills) and the other for $18\sim35$ month-olds (including 128 words and 5 grammatical items). Short versions seemed to be representative of full versions and showed developmental validity. Short versions showed concomitant validity with SELSI which is a standardized test for Korean children under 37 month-olds. Norm tables for words and criteria for object manipulation and grammaticality are also provided. M-B CDI-K short versions could be used as a preliminary screening tool to identify Korean children with language impairment economically and efficiently. Cautions using short versions of M-B CDI-K are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.99-112
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• 2007

Objectives : It was to translate three neck and spinal pain disability questionnaires - the Neck Disability Index (NDI), the Neck Pain and Disability Scale (NPDS), and the Functional Rating Index (FRI) - into Korean language, and evaluate the psychometric properties of Korean versions of questionnaires to achieve a good cross-cultural adaptation. Methods : Forty (23 males, 17 females) subjects aged from 15 to 64 years old, participated to examine test-retest reliability. One hundred and eighty (76 males, 104 females) subjects with a primary diagnosis of non-specific neck pain and 81 healthy volunteers were undertaken to examine internal consistemcy, discriminative validity and longitudinal construct validity. Versions of each questionnaire in idiomatic modern Korean were developed using a procedure proposed by Beaton et al. (2000). To assess reliability, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC $_{(2,1)}$) was calculated. Internal consistency was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha. Discriminative validity was examined with independent-group t-tests. Responsiveness was tested by calculating the effect size and standardized response mean for each questionnaire and using Pearson' s r and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results : Test-retest reliability ofthe translated versions of the three disability questionnaires was excellent (ICC $_{(2,1)$ = 0.86-0.90). High internal consistency was found in the three disability questionnaires (Cronbach's alpha ranged from ${\alpha}=0.88$ for the FRI to ${\alpha}=0.96$ for the NPDS and 0.82 for the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire(SFMPQ)). the VAS subscale of the SFMPQ was found to be the most responsive of the subscales (ES=1.44, SRM=1.37). The VAS was also the most responsive pain and disability index in internal responsiveness analysis, although disability indices showed marginally better responsiveness when compared with external standards. No floor or ceiling effects were observed. Conclusions : It is concluded that the questionnaires were successfully translated and exhibit acceptable measurement properties, and may suggest that they are suitable for use in clinical and research application.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.399-413
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• 1998

GALT 검사지는 학습자의 인지발달 수준을 집단으로 측정 하는데 유용한 도구로, 국내의 많은 연구 논문에서 21문항의 완본과 12문항의 축소본이 함께 사용되고있다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 과학교육 관련 국내 5종의 학회지와 이화여자대학교 대학원 학위논문에서 GALT 완본과 축소본이 사용된 논문들을 조사하였다. 이들을 기초 자료로 하여 GALT 완본과 축소본이 사용된 현황을 연도별로 조사하였고, 여러 논문에서 조사된 인지 수준 분포가 완본과 축소본의 사용에 따라 얼마나 차이나는지를 비교 분석하였으며, GALT 검사지가 어떤 용도로 사용되었는지를 분석하였다. 그리고 같은 집단의 학생들이 GALT 완본과 축소본올 같은 시간동안 풀도록 한 후에 얻은 인지발달 수준 분포를 알아보기 위하여 고등학교 2학년 2개반을 대상으로 소규모로 적용하여 보았다. 이상의 방법으로 연구한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 5종의 학회지, 이화여자대학교 대학원 학위논문에서 GALT 검사지가 사용된 연구 논문은 총 87편이었다. 이중 완본은 47편에서 사용되었고, 축소본은 40편에서 사용되었으며, 최근으로 올수록 GALT 축소본이 많이 사용되고 있는 경향올 보이고 있다. 중 고등학교 학생들을 대상으로 인지수준올 측정한 결과가 GALT 완본을 사용하였을 때보다 축소본을 사용하였을 때 더 높게 나타났다. 즉 형식적 조작기의 비율이 GALT 완본으로 조사하였을 때보다도 축소본으로 조사하였을 때 훨씬 더 높게 나타났다. GALT 검사지의 완본과 축소본의 사용에 따른 인지 수준 분포의 차이가 연구 결과를 해석하는데 중요한 영향을 미치는 논문들은 69편이고, 큰 영 향올 주지 않는 논문들은 29편으로 조사되었다. 같은 집단에게 같은 시간동안 GALT 완본과 축소본을 각 각 적용하였을 때에도 두 집단 모두 축소본에 의한 인지 수준이 완본에 의한 인지 수준보다 높게 나타났다. 본 연구에서 조사된 GALT 검사지를 사용한 총 99편의 논문들은 앞으로 GALT 검사지로 측정된 인지 수준 결과를 인용하고자 하는 연구나 학습자의 인지 수준 분포를 간단히 알아보고자 하는 연구자에게 참고 자료로 활될 수 있을 것이다. 또한 앞으로 GALT 검사지를 사용하고자 하는 연구자는 GALT 완본과 축소본을 구별하여야 하며, 선행 연구와 인지수준을 비교하고자 할 때도 완본은 완본끼리 축소본은 축소본끼리 비교하는 것이 합리적이다.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2023

ChatGPT, a chatbot based on GPT large language models, has gained immense popularity among the general public as well as domain professionals. To assess its proficiency in specialized fields, ChatGPT was tested on mainstream exams like the bar exam and medical licensing tests. This study evaluated ChatGPT's ability to answer questions related to Building Information Modeling (BIM) by testing it on Korea's BIM expertise exam, focusing primarily on multiple-choice problems. Both GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 were tested by prompting them to provide the correct answers to three years' worth of exams, totaling 150 questions. The results showed that both versions passed the test with average scores of 68 and 85, respectively. GPT-4 performed particularly well in categories related to 'BIM software' and 'Smart Construction technology'. However, it did not fare well in 'BIM applications'. Both versions were more proficient with short-answer choices than with sentence-length answers. Additionally, GPT-4 struggled with questions related to BIM policies and regulations specific to the Korean industry. Such limitations might be addressed by using tools like LangChain, which allow for feeding domain-specific documents to customize ChatGPT's responses. These advancements are anticipated to enhance ChatGPT's utility as a virtual assistant for BIM education and modeling automation.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.374-384
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• 2014

To achieve high-speed (giga-bit) connectivity for short-range wireless multimedia applications, the millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless personal area networks with directional antennas are gaining increased interest. Due to the use of directional antennas and mmWave communications, the probability of non-interfering transmissions increases in a localized region. Network throughput can be increased immensely by the concurrent time allocation of non-interfering transmissions. The problem of finding optimum time allocation for concurrent transmissions is an NP-hard problem. In this paper, we propose two enhanced versions of previously proposed multi-hop concurrent transmission (MHCT) schemes. To increase network capacity, the proposed schemes efficiently make use of the free holes in the time-allocation map of the MHCT scheme; thus, making it more compact.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제23권57호
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• pp.21-39
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• 2000

BOM(Bill of Materials) is a listing or description of raw materials, parts, and assemblies that define a product. In manufacturing companies that produce various products with short life cycles, it is very important to manage the BOM of products with various options and versions efficiently. BOM information should be required to share among the departments of engineering, production control, material purchasing, cost management, and shop floor within a manufacturing company. In order to share BOM information efficiently, information system based on WWW(World Wide Web) should be developed. Thus, this paper models and implements Web-based Generic BOM Management System (WGBMS) for management of a number of variant products which are consisted of standard parts under ATO(Assemble To Order) production environment. Also, object-oriented methodology was used to model a generic BOM and phases of navigational design and interface design were introduced to implement the prototype of WGBMS. And Object-Relational Database Management System (ORDBMS) was used to construct the WGBMS database.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.55-72
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• 2020

As the IT service environment grows, it is critical in terms of IT service quality to minimize the occurrence of failures due to changes in applications and to diagnose and recover in a short period of time how failure will affect the business. Thus, the Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) has been building and operating ITSMs to implement IT service management in a leading manner. Information Technology Service Management (ITSM) is divided into events, obstacles, changes, versions and setup management to ensure flexibility and stability in service delivery. It is also operated separately from service level, availability, capacity, financial and IT service continuity management to ensure service quality and cost efficiency. Based on ITSM military service history, this study looks at the impact of quality of service on value, satisfaction, and trust. The results of the analysis are highly valuable for future ITSM implementation and operation.

• 산업공학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.102-113
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• 1999

BOM(Bill of Material) is a description of parts, assemblies and raw materials that comprise a product structure. In manufacturing companies that produce various products with short life cycles, it is very important to manage to BOM of products with various options and versions efficiently. This paper describes an effective modeling and implementing technique of Generic BOM Management System(GBMS) for management of number of variant products. In this paper, OMT(Object Modeling Technique) was used to model a generic BOM and Object-Relational Database Management System(ORDBMS) was used to implement the GBMS database. In order to prove the effectiveness of proposed methodology, a case that assembles computer with various options was studied.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2016

PacBio's long-read sequencing technologies can be successfully used for a complete bacterial genome assembly using recently developed non-hybrid assemblers in the absence of second-generation, high-quality short reads. However, standardized procedures that take into account multiple pre-existing second-generation sequencing platforms are scarce. In addition to Illumina HiSeq and Ion Torrent PGM-based genome sequencing results derived from previous studies, we generated further sequencing data, including from the PacBio RS II platform, and applied various bioinformatics tools to obtain complete genome assemblies for five bacterial strains. Our approach revealed that the hierarchical genome assembly process (HGAP) non-hybrid assembler resulted in nearly complete assemblies at a moderate coverage of ~75x, but that different versions produced non-compatible results requiring post processing. The other two platforms further improved the PacBio assembly through scaffolding and a final error correction.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-27
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• 1997

Designing effective navigation aids for customer interfaces is critical for the success of cyber shopping malls. Navigation aids can be classified into either basic ones which are based on the structure of the malls or add-ons which are not. Add-on navigation aids provide various short-cuts to promote efficient traversal in the cyber shopping malls, but too many of them would increase the complexity of the customer interface. Metaphors have been used widely for the design of add-on navigation aids, but little research evaluates their impact on the processes and outcomes of customers behavior in cyber shopping malls. This paper presents an empirical study that investigates the navigation process of customers and the subjective evaluation of their shopping experience. This research implemented two versions of a test-bed cyber shopping mall according to different metaphors used; one based on a spatial metaphor, and the other based on a non spatial metaphor. The results of the experiment indicate that navigation aids based on the spatial metaphor were used more frequently, which resulted in better understanding about the entire structure of the cyber shopping malls, which in turn led to an increased ease of finding target items and also a more pleasant shopping experience. The benefits of navigation aids based on the spatial metaphor became more evident when customers were looking for ad-hoc category items rather than common items. This paper presents plausible explanations for the results and implications to the design of navigation aids for cyber shopping malls.